Extended Data Fig. 9: The effects of exosomal CtBP2.
From: The secreted metabolite sensor CtBP2 links metabolism to healthy lifespan
a. IMR90 cells were treated with either vehicle or recombinant CtBP2 (380 ng/ml, equivalent to the CtBP2 content in exosomal CtBP2 treatment studies) for 36 h. b. Generation of U2OS cells with stable knockdown of CtBP2. c,d. Exosomes were isolated from U2OS cells (b) and IMR90 cells were treated with those exosomes (200 μg/ml) for 36 h. Phosphorylation of AMPK (c) and PAICS gene expression (d, n = 6, technical replicate, p < 0.0001) were examined. e. Validation of our C+ and C- exosome samples subjected to the proteome analysis. f. The Liver and muscle (gastrocnemius) tissues were collected from the aged mice treated with either C+ and C- exosomes (Fig. 5b, c, Extended Data Fig. 5a–h), and levels of FoxM1-target genes were analyzed (n = 8 and 11 for C+ and C-, p = 0.0031, 0.025, 0.038 for Hjurp, Plk1, Rrm2 in muscle). g. SA-β-gal activities in tissues from aged mice treated with either C+ and C- exosomes (Fig. 5b, c, Extended Data Fig. 5a–h). Yellow scale bar = 100 μm. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. * and ** denote p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively, analyzed by two-sided Student’s t-test (d, f).
