Fig. 1: Study design for the hidradenitis suppurativa clinical trial and its role in modeling.

In Period A, patients received induction dosing: 160 mg at Week 0, 80 mg at Week 2, and 40 mg starting at Week 4. Week-12 HiSCR responders entered Period B and continued treatment through Week 36 or until loss of response (defined as a \(\ge\)50% decrease in AN count gained between baseline and Week 12). Non-responders at Week 12 continued through at least Week 26, and up to Week 36. Re-randomization in Period B for patients initially treated with adalimumab was stratified by Week-12 HiSCR status and baseline Hurley Stage (II vs. III). Stratification in PIONEER I and II also considered concomitant antibiotic use. Patients could enter a multi-center, 60-week open-label extension (OLE) study following Period B. The design informs the modeling analysis by providing a framework for identifying treatment benefit subgroups based on response trajectories and baseline clinical features. HiSCR: Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response; AN: abscesses and inflammatory nodules; OLE: open-label extension; HS: hidradenitis suppurativa; LOR: loss of response. ew: every week; eow: every other week.