Table 3 Clinical characteristics of pneumoniae children before, during and at the end of treatment

From: Nasal-spraying Bacillus spore probiotics for pneumonia in children with respiratory syncytial virus and bacterial co-infections: a randomized clinical trial

Characteristic

Control group (N = 50)

Navax group (N = 51)

p value

Before treatment

During and at the end of treatment

Before treatment

During and at the end of treatment

Before treatment

During and at the end of treatment

Day 0

Day 3

Day 5

Day 0

Day 3

Day 5

Day 0

Day 3

Day 5

Cough n (%)

50 (100)

48 (96.00)

26 (52.00)

51 (100)

41 (80.39)

18 (35.29)

>0.9999a

0.0279a

0.0905b

Wheezing n (%)

49 (98.00)

44 (88.00)

22 (44.00)

51 (100)

41 (80.39)

13 (25.49)

0.495a

0.2951b

0.0506b

Fever n (%)

39 (78.00)

6 (12.00)

1 (2.00)

37 (72.55)

0 (0.00)

0 (0.00)

0.5257b

0.0125a

0.495a

Rhinitis n (%)

49 (98.00)

45 (90.00)

21 (42.00)

51 (100)

39 (76.47)

12 (23.53)

0.495a

0.0692b

0.0478b

Retractions n (%)

43 (86.00)

27 (54.00)

6 (12.00)

39 (76.47)

13 (25.49)

6 (11.76)

0.2205b

0.0034b

0.9709b

Diarrhea n (%)

22 (44.00)

21 (42.00)

8 (16.00)

21 (41.18)

12 (23.53)

4 (7.84)

0.7742b

0.0478b

0.2343a

Vomiting n (%)

27 (54.00)

24 (48.00)

11 (22.00)

27 (52.94))

16 (31.37)

7 (13.73)

0.9151b

0.0876b

0.2773b

Dry rales n (%)

45 (90.00)

33 (66.00)

11 (22.00)

40 (78.43)

23 (45.1)

7 (13.73)

0.1114b

0.0346b

0.2773b

Moist rales n (%)

50 (100)

41 (82.00)

16 (32.00)

50 (98.04)

33 (64.71)

12 (23.53)

>0.9999a

0.0496b

0.3417b

Tachycardia n (%)

27 (54.00)

5 (10.00)

2 (4.00)

31 (60.78)

3 (5.88)

1 (1.96)

0.4906a

0.4874b

0.6175b

Tachypnea n (%)

27 (54.00)

1 (2.00)

0 (0.00)

30 (58.82)

4 (7.84)

0 (0.00)

0.625a

0.3624b

_c

Required oxygen therapy n (%)

41 (82.00)

21 (42)

6 (12)

37 (72.55)

9 (17.65)

2 (3.92)

0.2575b

0.0074b

0.1599a

  1. Bold p-values indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05).
  2. aChi-Square test.
  3. bFisher’s Exact test.
  4. cThere is no remaining patients to compare the significance.