Table 2 Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analysis to explore the incidence of dementia in relation to optic neuritis

From: Optic neuritis as a link between autoimmunity and dementia risk

 

ON

N

Event

Person-years

IR

HR (95% CI)

Model 1a

Model 2b

Model 3c

Model 4 d

ACD

No

76,430

1955

234,599.8

8.33

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

15,286

493

46,285.7

10.65

1.281

(1.160–1.414)

1.284

(1.163–1.417)

1.294

(1.172–1.428)

1.258

(1.139–1.389)

p-value

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

AD

No

76,430

1577

234,599.8

6.72

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

15,286

400

46,285.7

8.64

1.288

(1.154–1.438)

1.291

(1.157–1.441)

1.298

(1.163–1.448)

1.264

(1.132–1.411)

p-value

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

VaD

No

76,430

207

234,599.8

0.88

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

15,286

55

46,285.7

1.19

1.349

(1.002–1.817)

1.355

(1.007–1.825)

1.375

(1.021–1.851)

1.297

(0.962–1.750)

p-value

0.048

0.045

0.036

0.088

  1. ON optic neuritis, N number, IR incidence rate per 1000 person-years, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, ACD all-cause dementia, AD Alzheimer’s disease, VaD vascular dementia.
  2. aNot adjusted.
  3. bAdjusted for age and sex.
  4. cAdjusted for age, sex, smoking habits, alcohol use, regular physical activity, and income level.
  5. dFurther adjusted for obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease, beyond variables listed in the preceding model.
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