Fig. 4: GDF-15 and IL-6 are linked to overall survival in both CoxPH models and by Kaplan estimation.

A Forest plot of dichotomized analytes found to be associated with survival as continuous variables in a univariate analysis when controlled for demographic and patho-clinical variables. NHB Non-Hispanic Black, H/L Hispanic/Latinx, NHW Non-Hispanic White, NCa non cachectic, Ca Cachectic. P-values represent a pairwise comparison of the adjusted CoxPH model relative to the reference group (two-sided hypothesis). Median levels of GDF-15 (B) or IL-6 (C) were calculated and participants were classed into either low (Low) or high (High) groups based on a median split. B, C represent Kaplan-Meier survival curves (Time = time to event in months) for GDF-15 (P = 0.003) and IL-6 (P < 0.0001), respectively. P-values represent global p-values of the survival analysis (two-sided hypothesis).