Fig. 3: Multivariable Mendelian Randomization for MMP12, cIMT, and CHD.

A causal diagram shows multivariable mendelian randomization (MVMR) estimates of associations of genetically proxied MMP12 levels with risk of CHD after incorporating effects of genetically proxied cIMT with MMP12 levels and CHD. B shows results from univariate and multivariable MR for each of these phenotypes. P-value is the two-sided value from the Wald test corresponding to the MR method used to estimate the causal effects.