Fig. 7: Maneuvering test and navigation commands for the designed route 1 (from Singapore to Rotterdam).

a Ship trajectory of segment 1; (a1) Zoom-in of ship leaving port of Singapore; (a2) Zoom-in of ship entering port of Colombo; (a3) Maneuvering commands and tracking logs of the ship; b Ship trajectory of segment 2; (b1) Zoom-in of ship navigating through the Little Bitter Lake; (b2) Zoom-in of ship entering port of Malta; (b3) Maneuvering commands and tracking logs of the ship; c Ship trajectory of segment 3; (c1) Zoom-in of ship navigating Strait of Messina; (c2) Zoom-in of ship entering port of Rotterdam; (c3) Maneuvering commands and tracking logs of the ship.