Fig. 3: Impact of power grid transformation on lifecycle battery and hydrogen carbon intensity of the integrated multi-energy system. | Communications Engineering

Fig. 3: Impact of power grid transformation on lifecycle battery and hydrogen carbon intensity of the integrated multi-energy system.

From: Lifecycle carbon intensity with embodied emissions of battery and hydrogen-driven integrative low-carbon systems

Fig. 3

(Note: the complete grid-dependent system without any renewables. The battery-based system without vehicle-to-building (V2B) and battery cascade utilization. The hydrogen-based system without fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV)-to-building & building-to-FCEV energy interaction.).

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