Table 2 Select sub-THz Transceivers above the D-band from Recent Years
From: Sub-THz communication systems: pushing the capabilities of silicon
Ref/Year | Center freq. (GHz) | Output power (dBm) | Rx NF (dB) | Rx gain (dB) | Die area (mm2) | Process Node | Modulation Type | Data rate (Gbps) | Efficiency (pJ/bit) (Tx/Rx) | Dist. (m) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
54 / 2023 | 196 | ‒0.46 | ‒ | ‒ | 0.52 | 55nm SiGe | BPSK | 20 | 1.25/− | 0.1 |
51 / 2023 | 196 | ‒3 | ‒ | ‒ | 0.68 | 55nm SiGe | BFSK | 10 | 23/- | 0.01 |
44 / 2017 | 217 | 4.8 | ‒ | ‒ | 2.8 | 130nm SiGe | OOK(2) | 24.4 | 36.9/− | 0.1 |
74 / 2023 | 220 | 8.5 | 9 | 48 | 1.82/ 1.53 | 130nm SiGe | 16QAM(2) | 11.2 | 57.1/44.2 | 0.2 |
130 / 2024 | 220 | 2.95 | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | 130nm SiGe | 16QAM | 18 | 284.4/- | 1 |
27 / 2021 | 225 | ‒3 | ‒ | ‒ | 0.89 | 55nm SiGe | OOK | 20 | 8.26/- | 0.015 |
131 / 2022 | 227.5 | 7 | 17.5 | 7.5 | 4.23/ 4.07 | 130nm SiGe | 16QAM | 100 | 26 | 0.6 |
132 / 2019 | 237.5 | 5 | 14 | 8 | ‒ | 130nm SiGe | 16QAM | 95 | 5.5 | 1 |
133 / 2020 | 240 | 12 | 15.5 | 41 | 7/ 5.1 | 130nm SiGe | 16QAM | 100 | 8.5/12.4 | 0.8 |
134 / 2018 | 240 | ‒0.8 | 13.4 | 32 | 4.48/ 4.16 | 130nm SiGe | BPSK | 25 | 15/23 | 0.15 |
56 / 2020 | 240 | 7.5 | 18 | 18 | 4.02/ 3.36 | 130nm SiGe | QPSK | 80 | 12 | 2 |
135 / 2023 | 246 | 3.5 | ‒ | ‒ | 1.16 | 130nm SiGe | BPSK | 52 | 8/- | 0 |
60 / 2024 | 251 | ‒8 | ‒ | ‒ | 2.47 | 65nm CMOS | 16QAM(2) | 108 | 1.9/− | 0.5 |
136 / 2022 | 256 | ‒16 | 19 | ‒20 | 4.17 | 65nm CMOS | QPSK | 52 | 14.4/14.4 | 0.025 |
75 / 2021 | 261 | ‒13 | ‒ | ‒ | 4.17 | 65nm CMOS | QPSK(2) | 36 | 20.8/20.8 | 0.025 |
57 / 2019 | 266 | ‒1.6 | 22.9 | 5 | 11.06 | 40nm CMOS | 16QAM | 80 | 11.1/11.2 | 0.03 |
76 / 2022 | 266 | ‒ | 17.4 | 26 | 4.55 | 40nm CMOS | 16QAM | 76 | −/6.18 | 0.06 |
84 / 2021 | 270 | ‒24 | ‒ | ‒ | 9.36/ 0.81 | 130nm SiGe | OOK | 35 × 3 | 2.4/2.1 | 0.3(1) |
137 / 2023 | 280 | ‒ | 18.2 | 25 | 1.12 | 130nm SiGe | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | 0 |
138 / 2020 | 291 | ‒12 | ‒ | 6 | 1.9/ 1.9 | 65nm CMOS | 16QAM | 34 | 7.9/4.1 | 0.01 |
73 / 2023 | 297 | ‒ | 20 | 18 | 0.72 | 28nm CMOS | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | 0 |
102 / 2022 | 310 | ‒24.8 | 36 | 24 | 5.46 | 65nm CMOS | OAM | 0.001 | 154000/166000 | 1 |
53 / 2022 | 390 | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | 0.18 | 90nm SiGe | OOK | 3 | 23.3/− | 2 |
139 / 2020 | 390 | ‒5.4 | ‒ | ‒ | 0.39 | 28nm CMOS | BPOOK | 28 | 3.8/− | 0 |
58 / 2020 | 390 | ‒16 | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | 28nm CMOS | 16QAM | 6 | 183.3/− | 0 |
140 / 2023 | 398 | ‒9.4 | 25 | 17.3 | 0.19/ 0.54 | 90nm SiGe | OOK | 5 | 16/36.8 | 0.05 |
141 / 2018 | 410 | ‒14.6 | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | 28nm CMOS | OOK | 5 | 24/− | 0.13 |
