Fig. 2: Association between psychological profiles and mental health in the BBHI and Medit-Ageing cohorts. | Nature Mental Health

Fig. 2: Association between psychological profiles and mental health in the BBHI and Medit-Ageing cohorts.

From: Psychological profiles associated with mental, cognitive and brain health in middle-aged and older adults

Fig. 2: Association between psychological profiles and mental health in the BBHI and Medit-Ageing cohorts.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Raw data distributions of depression and anxiety by profile, with the white circles representing the estimated marginal means following adjustment for covariates (age, sex and years of education, as well as study group (for Medit-Ageing data)). The 95% confidence intervals are displayed as vertical black lines. Higher scores across all measures represent greater levels of depression and anxiety. Two-tailed linear regressions were performed to test for the effect of psychological profile group membership on depression (BBHI, N = 749, F2,746 = 63.6, P < 0.001; Medit-Ageing, N = 282, F2,275 = 24.6, P < 0.001) and anxiety (BBHI, N = 749, F2,746 = 131.8, P < 0.001; Medit-Ageing, N = 281, F2,274 = 71.9, P < 0.001). A significant main effect of psychological profile is represented by a bold horizontal line at the top of the graph, with pairwise differences displayed by thinner horizontal lines below. Precise P values for pairwise comparisons are reported in Supplementary Table 2. There were no corrections for multiple comparisons. DASS-21, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale–21 items; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; STAI-B, State and Trait Anxiety Inventory–Scale B; ***P < 0.001; **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05.

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