Extended Data Fig. 1: Guideline of the study.
From: Divergent biological pathways linking short and long sleep durations to mental and physical health
Top, UK biobank data used in this study included environmental and behavioral measures, blood and imaging biomarkers, genomics, proteins, and sleep duration. Middle, A phenotype-wide association study (PheWAS) was performed to explore the associations of short and long sleep duration with these phenotypes. Biological blood biomarkers, neuroimaging biomarkers, and proteins were utilized to characterize distinct association profiles for short and long sleep duration. Bottom, Distinct genetic architectures and roles in association with health conditions were identified for short and long sleep duration. Finally, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis showed distinct causal associations between short and long sleep duration and health-related phenotypes.
