Fig. 2: Pooled HRs between high versus low levels of CRF and the risk of mental and neurocognitive disorders. | Nature Mental Health

Fig. 2: Pooled HRs between high versus low levels of CRF and the risk of mental and neurocognitive disorders.

From: Cardiorespiratory fitness and risk of mental disorders and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Fig. 2: Pooled HRs between high versus low levels of CRF and the risk of mental and neurocognitive disorders.

Results from two-sided random-effects meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies are shown categorized by disorder: anxiety29,33, depression23,24,25,26,28,29,33,35,40,42, all-cause dementia22,27,30,31,32,36,38 and psychotic disorders43,45. Individual squares represent study-specific HRs, with horizontal lines indicating 95% CIs. Diamond symbols denote pooled HRs from random-effects models, and red horizontal bars indicate 95% prediction intervals where available (that is, when more than two studies are included). Point estimates represent HRs. HR values < 1 indicate a lower risk associated with higher CRF. Statistical inference is two-sided and based on 95% CIs, with no adjustments for multiple comparisons. ACLS, Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study; CCLS, Cooper Center Longitudinal Study; HPA, Health Profile Assessment; HUNT, Trøndelag Health Study; KIHD, Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease study; MS, Maastricht Study; NR, not reported; ProVA, Progetto Veneto Anziani study; SMSCR, Swedish Military Service Conscription Register; UK, United Kingdom; UKB, UK Biobank; US, United States of America.

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