Table 2 Summary of selected controlled variables for analysis

From: Insights into adaptive cruise control and energy efficiency in electric vehicles

Variable

Transform

Form

Factor Type

Unit

Energy consumption

Total energy / total distance

Dependent

Trip

Wh/km

ACC engagement

Categorized on/off

Fixed

Driver Behavior

Boolean

Vehicle speed

Inverse average, max

Fixed

Trip

min/km, km/h

Vehicle acceleration energy

Total

Fixed

Trip

m2/s3

Distance

Inverse of total

Fixed

Trip

1/km

Elevation difference

Total delta

Fixed

Road/Terrain

meters

Ambient temperature

Average: absolute deviation from 22°C

Fixed

Environmental

°C

HV battery temperature

Average

Fixed

Environmental

°C

One-pedal engagement

Categorized on/off

Fixed

Driver Behavior

Boolean

Vehicle type

Make, model, trim

Random

Vehicle-specific

N/A

  1. An asterisk indicates that the variable has been transformed to preserve linearity and modeling assumptions.