Fig. 1: Sensor-based classification of SSIs and their deployment form factors. | Nature Sensors

Fig. 1: Sensor-based classification of SSIs and their deployment form factors.

From: Sensing technologies for silent speech interfaces

Fig. 1: Sensor-based classification of SSIs and their deployment form factors.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a, Sensor modalities in SSIs can be categorized, by the proximity of signal acquisition to the human body, as either off-body device interfaces (for example, optical cameras or ultrasound probes), on-body sensor interfaces (for example, surface EMG, strain sensors, EEG and IMUs) or in-body neural interfaces (for example, ECoG, sEEG or MEAs). These categories represent a continuum between user comfort and signal specificity, ranging from general-purpose wearable devices to highly personalized clinical systems. b, Representative deployment examples for each category, aligned with the same taxonomy: off body (smartphones, earbuds and smart glasses), on body (facial patch/tattoo, choker/throat patch, mask and EEG hat) and in body (ECoG, sEEG and MEA implants). The asterisks denote technologies with clinical validation.

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