Extended Data Fig. 6: Schematic of device-based deconvolution for pattern ‘N’.

a, Original 5×5 pattern padded to 7×7 size with zeros. b, The input matrix split into two matrices: one with positive values and another with negative values multiplied by –1. c, Two sets of 3×3 devices, programmed with the corresponding voltages and serving as kernels, are transposed and simultaneously used to perform operations with the input pattern. d, Pattern ‘N’ is derived from the final current response of the differential circuit formed by the two sub-arrays.