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Nature Reviews Earth & Environment interviewed Arpita Mondal from the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay about their project investigating the attribution of urban flood response to climate change and stormwater management practices.

Nanoparticles sensing glycosaminoglycan loss in osteoarthritis enable disease-severity-responsive delivery of ghrelin messenger RNA to cartilage lesions, reducing cartilage damage, bone thickening and pain in animal models.

Molecular ferroelectrics contain stimuli-responsive structure and ionic building blocks, promising for ionically tailored multifunctionality. Here, the authors report molecular ionic ferroelectrics exhibiting the coexistence of room-temperature ionic conductivity and ferroelectricity.

Amide reduction via hydroboration is challenging, and catalysts often exhibit limited substrate scope. Here the authors report synthesis of a lanthanum cluster as a catalyst for the hydroboration of esters and amides, capable of reducing a wide range of primary, secondary and tertiary amides to amines.

A group of microbiome researchers discuss some of the challenges in developing a new generation of microbiome therapies.

Inorganic–organic hybrid dye-sensitized solar cells featuring a perovskite compound as a light harvester and a polymer as a hole transporter provide an open-circuit voltage of almost 1 V and a power conversion efficiency of 12% under standard illumination conditions.

Many bacterial cyclic-oligonucleotide-based antiphage signaling systems (CBASS) employ effectors with SAVED domains. Here, the authors present a biochemical and structural characterization of two such CBASS, providing mechanistic insights into bacterial antiphage defense.

Peanut oral immunotherapy reshapes T cell responses, suppressing allergy-associated type 2 helper T cells and boosting cytotoxic type 1 helper T cells, offering clues to long-term tolerance.

This Review discusses recent strategies for integrating microbial metabolism with chemocatalysis, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis and biocatalysis to enable sustainable chemical production. By highlighting examples involving engineered microorganisms, hybrid catalysis and the design of modular pathways, the Review outlines how these platforms address challenges in yield, scalability and process integration.

A tailored proteomics workflow to identify endogenous protein pyrophosphorylation in human cells was developed, revealing the dependence of the modification on inositol pyrophosphates and a putative function in rDNA transcription.

piggyBat is the only known DNA transposon active in mammals. Here the authors used cellular assays and 3D structure to show that sequences within the transposon ends restrict activity, and also how transposition activity can be substantially increased.

Broadband Fabry–Pérot etalons are used as calibration sources in radial velocity exoplanet detection. This Article explores their performance limits and models the physical mechanism behind their complex measured chromatic drift.

Boron removal is a persistent challenge in traditional desalination approaches. The functionalized microporous electrodes enable efficient boron removal with high selectivity in the electrosorption process.

Most mitochondrial proteins are imported from the cytosol via the TOM complex. Here, Marada et al. identify DYRK1A as a surveillance kinase that synchronizes the different import routes to shape the organellar proteome upon changing cellular demands.

Dysfunctions of the mitochondrial OXPHOS system lead to severe human disorders. Here, the authors analyzed a mouse mutant that mimics a mitochondrial disorder patient and find that reactive oxygen species trigger RNA release and inflammatory pathway in liver.

Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) of ultracold atoms serve as low-entropy sources for a multitude of quantum-science applications. Here, the authors realize a non-ground-state caesium BEC with tunable interactions and tunable loss, opening up new possibilities for polaron and impurity physics.

An antibody, IY-2A, identified from a panel of class-4 SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies isolated from convalescent and vaccinated individuals, targets and induces partial unfolding of a conserved epitope within the RBD. IY-2A retains activity against BA.4/5 subvariants and neutralizes diverse sarbecoviruses.

Richardson–Lucy Network (RLN) combines the traditional Richardson–Lucy iteration with deep learning for improved deconvolution. RLN is more generalizable, offers fewer artifacts and requires less computing time than alternative approaches.

Enhanced axial resolution for 3D SIM is achieved with deep learning or four-beam interference.

In neutrophil progenitor cells, stopping the process of loop extrusion by depleting nipped-B-like protein (NIPBL) results in the assembly of polymorphonuclear structures and the activation of a neutrophil-specific gene program.

A combination of multiview imaging, structured illumination, reconstruction algorithms and deep-learning predictions realizes spatial- and temporal-resolution improvements in fluorescence microscopy to produce super-resolution images from diffraction-limited input images.

Three-dimensional residual channel attention networks (RCAN) enable improved image denoising and resolution enhancement on volumetric time-lapse fluorescence microscopy data, allowing longitudinal super-resolution imaging of living samples.

Cancer cells adopt a series of strategies to evade the immune response mounted by the organism against them. Here we find that tumour cells can hijack mitochondria from immune cells by forming physical nanotubes, and suggest that inhibiting this process might represent a potential immunotherapy approach.

Microscopy datasets are processed orders-of-magnitude faster with improved algorithms and deep learning.

B cell receptors (BCR) capture antigen and initiate downstream antibody responses, but whether and how BCR signaling is regulated by BCR mobility is still unclear. Here the authors show, using single molecule imaging and machine learning analyses, that BCR and CD19 mobility is modulated by the actin nucleation regulators Arp2/3 and N-WASP to control BCR signaling.

Extracellular electron uptake (EEU) is the ability of microbes to take up electrons from solid-phase conductive substances such as metal oxides. Here, Guzman et al. show that electrons enter the photosynthetic electron transport chain and are used for CO₂ fixation during EEU in a phototrophic bacterium.

The spectroscopic and photometric observations of a high-mass, transiting warm Jupiter, TIC 241249530 b, with an orbital eccentricity of 0.94, provide evidence that hot Jupiters may have formed by means of a high-eccentricity tidal-migration pathway.

Protein targets that are affected by ROS and underly impaired inotropic effects in the heart are largely unknown. Here, the authors identify the γ-subunit of IDH3 as a redox switch linking oxidative stress to impaired metabolism and heart function.

Here, the authors identify four novel regulators of the 2-cell-like state, and thus totipotency, via unbiased CRISPR knockout screens and Dazl re-expression as a readout. They show that these factors act upstream of DPPA2 and DUX, and independently of p53.

Monoallelic VSG expression is essential for Trypanosoma brucei survival. Competition between TbRAP1’s RNA and dsDNA binding activities ensures that TbRAP1 sustains a high level expression of the active VSG while silencing other VSGs globally.

In Drosophila ovarian follicle cells, piRNAs generated from RNA precursors are processed in cytoplasmic Yb-bodies. The authors identify the exportin and the exon junction complexes as required to transfer precursors to cytoplasm. They also show that Yb-body formation requires piRNA precursor export.

Cation exchange membranes embedded with MnO₂ nanoparticles form selective outer-sphere complexes with phosphate ions imparting an extremely selective permeation pathway.

Pre-monsoon irrigation over the Indo-Gangetic Plain is often misrepresented in model-driven hypothesis. Using actual census-based data and realistic model simulations, the authors show that irrigation has limited role in enhancing heat stress in the region.

Across phylae, excess manganese disrupts energy metabolism by unclear mechanisms. Here, Diessl et al. report that failure of mitochondrial bioenergetics upon manganese overload is due to mismetallation of a diiron enzyme crucial for CoQ biosynthesis

cAMPFIREs are genetically encoded cAMP sensors that are suitable for in vivo imaging of cAMP signaling, as demonstrated in Drosophila larvae and behaving mice.

Aqueous zinc batteries attract interest because of their potential for cost-effective and safe electricity storage. Here, the authors develop an in situ formed ion-oligomer nanometric interphase strategy to enable fast-charge aqueous Zn cells.

The anti-tumour effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors is potentiated by CD137 agonists in preclinical models, but translation of these results to the clinical practice is hampered by toxicity. Authors describe here a human CD137xPD-L1 bispecific antibody with improved anti-cancer activity whilst maintaining low toxicity in non-human primates.

Whether a molecule or material can exist, and with what structures and energies, is of critical importance. For demanding calculations the efficiency of density functional theory makes it the only practical electronic structure theory available to help answer these questions. Now, an efficient density functional is shown to have unprecedented accuracy for a diverse set of bonded systems.