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Here the authors show that mitochondrial RNA leaks into the cytosol of senescent cells through sublethal apoptosis, driving inflammation. Blocking this pathway improves outcomes in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis.

Data provided by Amazonian peoples are used to estimate the value of wild animals as a source of food, including its spatial distribution and nutritional value, providing information that will be key for improved management of forest ecosystems in the region.

Federated learning (FL) algorithms have emerged as a promising solution to train models for healthcare imaging across institutions while preserving privacy. Here, the authors describe the Federated Tumor Segmentation (FeTS) challenge for the decentralised benchmarking of FL algorithms and evaluation of Healthcare AI algorithm generalizability in real-world cancer imaging datasets.

On March 18-19, 2025, the European Training Platform for Laboratory Animal Science (ETPLAS) held its first international conference, at the Leiden University Medical Centre in The Netherlands. The meeting gathered course organisers, accreditors, regulators, educators, researchers and animal welfare specialists from across Europe and beyond, who discussed ETPLAS contributions for advancing education and training in laboratory animal science, as well as its goals for the future.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

A randomized, controlled phase 1b trial evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics and impact on viral kinetics of budigalimab, a PD-1 inhibitor, during analytical treatment interruption for HIV and found that it was well tolerated and resulted in delayed rebound in a subset of participants in an exploratory efficacy analysis.

From 1980 to 2018, the levels of total and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreased in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

Known genetic loci account for only a fraction of the genetic contribution to Alzheimer’s disease. Here, the authors have performed a large genome-wide meta-analysis comprising 409,435 individuals to discover 6 new loci and demonstrate the efficacy of an Alzheimer’s disease polygenic risk score.

Archaeological contexts in caves provide an opportunity to examine human and animal dynamics through climatic events. Here, the authors present sedaDNA of 28 taxa from El Mirón Cave, Spain, including humans as well as reindeer, hyaena, Iberian lynx, falcon, dove, shrew, mole, weasel, woolly rhinoceros, and owl.

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies on Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias identifies new loci and enables generation of a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future Alzheimer’s disease and dementia.

Federated ML (FL) provides an alternative to train accurate and generalizable ML models, by only sharing numerical model updates. Here, the authors present the largest FL study to-date to generate an automatic tumor boundary detector for glioblastoma.

Whole-genome sequencing, transcriptome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in over 7,000 individuals with critical COVID-19 are used to identify 16 independent variants that are associated with severe illness in COVID-19.

An expert-elicitation process identifies current methodological barriers for monitoring terrestrial biodiversity, and how technological and procedural development of robotic and autonomous systems may contribute to overcoming these challenges.

Single-cell RNA-seq facilitates the study of transcriptome diversity in individual cells. Here, authors introduce a tool for isoform quantification at the single-cell level using 3’ scRNA-seq data, contributing to the study of post-transcriptional gene regulation in individual cells.

Using cryo-electron microscopy and biochemistry, Zhang et al. reveal that the DNA helicase RECQL5 and the transcription-coupled DNA repair complex coordinate to regulate transcription elongation rates and maintain genome stability.

Genotype and exome sequencing of 150,000 participants and whole-genome sequencing of 9,950 selected individuals recruited into the Mexico City Prospective Study constitute a valuable, publicly available resource of non-European sequencing data.

Contrary to the view that urbanization is a major driver of the global rise in obesity, the global increase in body-mass index is shown to be mostly due to increases in the body-mass indexes of rural populations.

Combined analysis of new genomic data from 116 ancient hunter-gatherer individuals together with previously published data provides insights into the genetic structure and demographic shifts of west Eurasian forager populations over a period of 30,000 years.

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of type 2 diabetes (T2D) identifies more than 600 T2D-associated loci; integrating physiological trait and single-cell chromatin accessibility data at these loci sheds light on heterogeneity within the T2D phenotype.

Here the authors apply machine learning approaches to Alzheimer’s genetics, confirm known associations and suggest novel risk loci. These methods demonstrate predictive power comparable to traditional approaches, while also offering potential new insights beyond standard genetic analyses.

Emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 raise concerns about vaccine efficiency. Here, the authors present a post-hoc analysis for the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine trial in Brazil and provide efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19 caused by the Zeta (P.2) and other variants.

This Review discusses multiomic approaches for the characterization and biological understanding of cellular senescence, including detailed case studies on skeletal muscle and adipose tissue that highlight current outstanding issues in the field.

Polygenic risk scores for Alzheimer’s disease derived from individuals of European ancestry can show improved performance in multiancestry settings after incorporating genome-wide association summary statistics from diverse populations.

The Russian invasion of Ukraine has affected the global economy, environment, and political order. Here, the authors show that it also coincided with a temporary decline in psychological well-being across Europe.

When tubulin proteins are present in excess, their encoding mRNAs are selectively degraded in a process initiated by the protein TTC5. Here, the authors show that tubulins themselves reversibly sequester TTC5 to regulate its activity.

GPRASP2 plays a role in trafficking of GPCRs and mutations in this gene have been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders. Here the authors study the role of Gprasp2 in the CNS and show that it regulates the surface availability of mGluR5 receptors and that knockout mice for this protein show autistic-like behavioural abnormalities.

Degradation of the recalcitrant polysaccharide fucoidan, produced by marine brown algae, is carried out by some bacteria through unclear mechanisms. Here, the authors provide insights into fucoidan processing mechanisms by studying two alga-associated bacterial strains, using microscopy, multi-omic, biochemical and structural techniques.

BET proteins regulate a reversible transcriptional switch that governs fibroblast activation in heart disease through the transcription factor MEOX1.

Nutritional stress induced by short-term dietary restriction has been shown to alter the activity of some anti-tumour drugs. Here, the authors demonstrate that periodic fasting enhances the anti-tumour effect of cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitors via decreased AKT-STAT3 signaling and oxidative phosphorylation.

Multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (MRE) represent a major threat for patients’ health. Here, the authors describe how cooperation between gut commensal bacteria (Lactobacillus spp. And Clostridiales) restrict MRE colonization in mice and patients

Oral cancer has region-specific histopathological and molecular characteristics, complicating its classification by the standard tumor-node-metastasis system. Here, the authors combine discovery and targeted proteomics with IHC to identify region-specific and saliva biomarkers for oral cancer prognosis.

Increases in demersal species with higher temperature preferences in commercial catches landed in Brazil indicate tropicalization of demersal megafauna in the western South Atlantic since 2013, according to species composition and biomass analysis of 29,021 catches between 2000 and 2019.