Search

The impact of the DART spacecraft on the asteroid Dimorphos is reported and reconstructed, demonstrating that kinetic impactor technology is a viable technique to potentially defend Earth from asteroids.

The authors perform the first single-cell profiling of m⁶A in the mouse brain. They uncover relative hypomethylation of microglial mRNA compared to other cell types, and they identify hundreds of RNAs that undergo differential methylation with age.

Toxin-antitoxin systems make up a branch of the bacterial anti-phage immune system. Here, Johannesman et al demonstrate that some phages have co-opted an orphan antitoxin to counter a DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase defense system.

Over five years, implementation of the NHS England Lung Cancer Screening Programme achieved high early-stage detection rates and demonstrated that the programme is both feasible and scalable for reaching high-risk and underserved populations.

Methylation is the dominant modification in mRNA and occurs at a variety of sites. Here, Hartstock et al. show that a clickable analogue of the key cosubstrate S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) can be produced in cells, allowing for identification and mapping of different methylated nucleosides in mRNA.

Append editing of ADP-ribosyl to thymine is used for precise modifications in bacteria and eukaryotes.

Sharma et al. discovered that bone marrow osteolineage cells are producers of taurine in the leukaemia niche, which in turn drives leukaemia stem cell survival and self-renewal.

COVID-19 can be treated with monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, but emerging new variants might show resistance towards existing therapy. Here authors show that anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike human single-chain antibody fragments could gain neutralizing activity against variants of concern upon engineering into a human bispecific antibody.

While greater yam provides food and income security for millions of people around the world, there are limited genomic resources available. Here, the authors report a chromosome-scale assembly of the greater yam genome as well as quantitative trait loci associated with anthracnose resistance and tuber traits.

The gut microbiota can metabolize bile acids to affect immunosurveillance in the liver of mice and indirectly control the growth of primary liver tumours and liver metastases.

Han et al. have identified a new tumour-induced immune cell population in the spleen that can promote tumour growth through production of the neurotrophic factor artemin.

Roerink et al. have used organoids derived from multiple single cells of colorectal cancers from three patients as well as from normal colorectal epithelium of the same patients to comprehensively study intratumoural heterogeneity.

The role of the gut microbiome in human health and disease is being increasingly recognized. This Review discusses microbiome engineering strategies to treat the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, which has been linked to the pathogenesis of multiple human diseases.

Pan et al. performed a large-scale, cluster-randomized controlled trial to assess whether eradicating Helicobacter pylori in asymptomatic individuals would be beneficial in preventing gastric cancer.

Kong et al. have now shown that Knudson’s two-hit hypothesis can be circumvented through the actions of the glycolytic metabolite methylglyoxal, which transiently inactivates the tumour-suppressive functions of BRCA2 leading to episodic mutagenesis and cancer genome evolution.

Two studies published in Nature Cancer and Nature Communications describe the discovery of first-in-class, potent and specific inhibitors of Polϴ to target homologous recombination-deficient cancers.

Nanoscale ferroelectricity is hard to characterize. Studies of BaTiO₃ thin films now reveal a close coupling between the ferroelectric and the surface electrochemical states — a notion important for future applications of ferroelectric nanomaterials.

Kreuzaler et al. examine the spatial metabolic rewiring driven by oncogenic MYC and show that it leads to increased import of vitamin B5, which represents a metabolic vulnerability to tumour progression.

Fu et al. provide data indicating a pathogenic role for Streptococcus anginosus in gastric cancer.

Blanpain and colleagues provide evidence that the small RHO GTPase, RHOJ, mediates resistance to chemotherapy in tumour cells that have undergone epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by enabling these cells to tolerate replicative stress and promote DNA damage repair.

Bland et al. show that cancer types with heterozygous somatic hotspot mutations in the spliceosome component SF3B1 are vulnerable to PARP inhibition, which causes a defective response to replication stress.

The identification of multiple independent cancer lineages in multiple bivalve species makes transmissible cancers a common event, not exclusively restricted to the species of origin.

Chen et al. have developed a preclinical platform that enables the reprogramming of locoregional macrophages and microglia in situ with CD133-directed chimeric antigen receptors, which leads to the phagocytosis and removal of residual glioma stem cells after tumour debulking.

Venkataramani et al. used longitudinal intravital two-photon imaging to track migrating glioblastoma cells in vivo, and identified a seemingly unconnected cell subpopulation that was responsible for colonization of the brain by mimicking neuronal mechanisms of movement.

Han et al. employed an in vivo imaging workflow that coupled positron emission tomography imaging to micro-computed tomography and 3D serial block-face electron microscopy to produce a detailed structural and functional map of mitochondrial networks in lung cancer.

Kaushik Tiwari et al. have developed a strategy to directly target amplified genes in cancer using triplex-forming oligonucleotides, which selectively induce DNA damage and apoptosis in cancer cells with copy number gains.

Schneider et al. show that peripheral serotonin augments colorectal and pancreatic tumour growth in mice by increasing PDL1 expression on cancer cells, and in turn inhibiting the accumulation of functional CD8⁺ T cells within tumours.

Shiao et al. demonstrate that commensal bacteria and fungi have opposing roles to play in the responses of tumours to radiotherapy.

Crist et al. set out to investigate what makes the colonization of skeletal muscle by disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) so rare and found that this niche enforces persistent oxidative stress on DTCs that cannot be overcome and therefore, restrains their proliferation.

Nolan et al. used a mouse model of acute radiation exposure to reveal that radiotherapy can create a pro-metastatic lung microenvironment, an effect mediated by neutrophils.

Vincze et al. have provided definitive evidence for the validity of Peto’s paradox by analysing cancer incidence in the largest study of mammal species to date.

Kerdidani et al. have identified MHC-II-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts in non-small-cell lung cancers where they appear to promote anti-tumour immunity.

Guo et al. have developed a novel strategy, which involves coating tumour cells with silica, to enable personalized cancer vaccines to overcome the immunosuppressive effects of the tumour microenvironment.

Chen et al. show that gliomagenesis in the olfactory bulb of the brain is directly related to olfactory perception in mice.

Nie et al. performed metabolomics profiling on samples obtained from patients during the development of invasive lung adenocarcinoma and showed that metabolic pathways are progressively disrupted.

Xu et al. have uncovered a novel and unexpected role for the ERα as a non-canonical RNA-binding protein, which functions to maintain breast cancer cell survival and tamoxifen resistance.