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In the kagome superconductor CsV₃Sb₅, superconductivity is intertwined with an unconventional charge density wave and the pairing symmetry remains unclear due to the absence of direct superconducting gap measurements. Here, the authors use laser-based ultra-high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to reveal a highly anisotropic superconducting gap on the Fermi surface originating from the 3d-orbital electrons of the vanadium sublattice, providing insights into the physics of intertwined orders in kagome superconductors.

Spin-entangled electron pairs are one possible resource for future solid-state quantum information processing systems. Here, the authors directly prove spin entanglement between two electrons that had previously been a Cooper pair in a superconducting lead but were split using two quantum dots.

Disorder leads to localization of electrons at low temperatures, changing metals to insulators. In a superconductor the electrons are paired up, and scanning tunnelling microscopy shows that the pairs localize together rather than breaking up and forming localized single electrons in the insulating state.

A diode effect—asymmetric transport depending on its direction—is shown in the proximity-induced superconducting state of a Dirac semimetal.

Quantum phase transitions are most commonly found to occur at zero temperature. Cuevaset al.present numerical evidence confirming that a quantum phase transition can also occur at finite temperature, provided strong disorder is present.

Thermoelectricity due to the interplay of the nonlocal Cooper pair splitting and the elastic co-tunneling in normal metal-superconductor-normal metal structure is predicted. Here, the authors observe the non-local Seebeck effect in a graphene-based Cooper pair splitting device.

Although quantum phase transitions are attracting increasing attention as the conceptual link between conventional and exotic states of quantum matter—having been implicated, for example, in the properties of high-temperature superconductors—there are few model systems in which they can be studied and understood. Now it is revealed that placing simple elemental chromium under pressure suppresses its normal magnetic state and gives direct experimental access to the underlying quantum phase transition responsible for these changes.

Scanned Josephson tunnelling microscopy is used to image Cooper pair tunnelling from a superconducting microscope tip to the quantum condensate of Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+x, thus revealing the spatially modulated density of Cooper pairs predicted from several theories of the cuprate pseudogap phase.

Owing to electron localization, two-dimensional materials are not expected to be metallic at low temperatures, but a field-induced quantum metal phase emerges in NbSe₂, whose behaviour is consistent with the Bose-metal model.

Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering interferometry reveals a highly entangled electronic phase in Nd₂Ir₂O₇, enabling extraction of its entanglement structure and confirming the cubic-symmetry-breaking order predicted from complementary Raman spectroscopy.

Guided by density functional theory, a commercially viable refractory alloy is developed, which exhibits excellent room-temperature ductility and strength, and high strength at elevated temperatures.

In high-temperature superconductors, a very low density of states, the pseudogap, exists even above the critical temperature. Here, the authors show that this is also the case for a conventional superconductor, titanium nitride thin films, and that this pseudogap is induced by superconducting fluctuations.

Scanning tunnelling microscopy is enhanced by microwave radiation that allows photon-assisted tunnelling processes. This technique is demonstrated on impurity states in a superconductor.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

An array of superconducting nanocircuits has been designed that provides built-in protection from environmental noises. Such ‘topologically protected’ qubits could lead the way to a scalable architecture for practical quantum computation.

An outstanding question about the iron-based superconductors has been whether or not their magnetic characteristics are dominated by itinerant or localized magnetic moments. Absolute measurements and calculations of the magnetic response of undoped and Ni-doped BaFe₂As₂ indicate the latter.

Using torque magnetometry, the thermodynamic signatures of bosonic Landau level transitions are observed in a layered superconductor, owing to the formation of Cooper pairs with finite momentum.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

Chiral superconductors are very rare topological materials. Here, the authors report spontaneous magnetic fields inside the superconducting state and low temperature linear behavior in the superfluid density in LaPt₃P, suggesting a chiral d-wave singlet superconducting state.

The ALICE Collaboration provides details on the microscopic mechanism that ends up creating antideuteron in high-energy proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

Recently, an orbital Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state was predicted and identified in thin flakes of the transition metal dichalcogenide superconductor 2H-NbSe₂. Here, the authors present experimental evidence of the formation of this orbital FFLO state in bulk 2H-NbSe₂ samples.

The physics of confinement manifested in quantum spin chain models has been recently studied in quantum simulators. Here the authors report a numerical study of confinement of soliton excitations in a nonintegrable bosonic quantum field theory realized with a superconducting quantum electronic circuit.

The authors introduce a new spectroscopic technique for studying Higgs modes in superconductors and apply it to a cuprate superconductor. The method involves a soft quench of the Mexican-Hat potential, populating Higgs modes of different symmetries, which are then probed by non equilibrium anti-Stokes Raman scattering.

The interplay of non-Hermitian physics and open quantum dynamics has been fruitful in ultracold atoms. Expanding on previous demonstrations of controlled dissipation, the authors demonstrate here gain engineering by creating Bose–Einstein condensates within a synthetic spin lattice.

The impact of local magnetic impurities on superconducting order parameter remains largely unexplored. Here, the authors visualize the effect of different magnetic perturbations on a superconductor, unveiling a rich correlation of the interplay between quantum spins and superconductivity in different spectroscopic regimes.

Pair density wave is a superconducting state with a periodically modulated order parameter which could exist in high-temperature superconductors. Setty et al. develop a unified theoretical framework that accounts for both long-range-ordered and fluctuating pair density waves in the strong-coupling limit.

The nature of the dominant pairing mechanism in some two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides is still debated. Here, the authors predict that the Kohn-Luttinger mechanism induces chiral p-wave superconductivity in monolayer NbSe₂.

The dynamical phases of out-of-equilibrium Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer superconductors have been simulated using cold atoms levitated inside an optical cavity.

A series of ⁷⁷Se nuclear magnetic resonance measurements on the electron-doped topological insulator Cu_0.3Bi₂Se₃ reveal a spontaneous breaking of the rotational spin symmetry below its superconducting transition temperature.

Quasiparticles, or broken Cooper pairs, are a major source of decoherence in superconducting qubits but their origin is debated. Pan et al. confirm the dominant mechanism due to photon absorption in the Josephson junction and demonstrate mitigation strategies based on tuning of the qubit geometry.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

Ferromagnets are an integral part of spintronics because of their spin selectivity, but in combination with superconductors selectivity between different Cooper pairs is required. Here, the authors find evidence for this selectivity in a ferromagnet–superconductor–ferromagnet spin valve.

A biophysical model uses knockdown or overexpression data to infer splicing factor activity.

A state that breaks time-reversal symmetry is observed in the normal phase above the superconducting critical temperature in a multiband superconductor. This could be explained by correlations between the Cooper pairs formed in different bands.

Realizing topological superconductivity is essential for applicable fault-tolerant quantum computation. Here, Trang et al. report migration of Dirac-cone from TlBiSe₂ substrate to top surface of superconducting Pb film due to topological proximity effect, suggesting realization of topological superconductivity.

The terahertz field-induced changes in the superconducting properties of a Nb₃Sn film are investigated by time- and frequency-resolved terahertz spectroscopy. A gapless superconducting state and symmetry-forbidden odd-order coherent modes are observed.

A superconductor–graphene junction is shown to exhibit the quantum Hall effect, with the chemical potential of the edge state displaying a sign reversal. Such a system could provide a platform for observing isolated non-Abelian anyonic zero modes.

Continuously changing the coupling between a magnetic impurity and a superconductor allows the observation of the reversal of supercurrent flow at the atomic scale.