Search

Solanum pimpinellifolium (SP) is the progenitor of cultivated tomato and an important germplasm. Here, the authors assemble SP genome, identify structural variants (SVs) by comparing with modern cultivar, reveal SVs associated with important breeding traits, and detect SVs harboring master regulators of fruit quality traits.

Zierer et al. engineered cassava to express a modified potassium channel that enhances sugar flow, improving the yield and drought resilience. This strategy offers a route to increase cassava productivity in tropical regions.

The MOUNTAINEER phase 2 trial demonstrated the efficacy and safety of tucatinib (HER2-targeted TKI) and trastuzumab (anti-HER2 antibody) in patients with HER2 + , RAS wildtype unresectable or metastatic colorectal cancer that had progressed on chemotherapy, resulting in the approval of the regimen. Here, the authors report the updated analysis of the MOUNTAINEER trial.

Multi-ancestry genome-wide and transcriptome-wide association studies of aortic stenosis identify more than 200 independent risk loci and provide insights into its genetic architecture.

Jonaitis et al demonstrate that serotonin differentially modulates feedforward inhibitory neurons in the olfactory system of Drosophila which likely reflects odor categorization in higher order brain regions.

Gene duplication and subsequent paralogue diversification are major obstacles to genotype-to-phenotype predictability.

On the 100-year anniversary of Fischer–Tropsch synthesis, we take stock of how this technology has evolved since its inception. In this Viewpoint, eight scientists involved in various aspects of Fischer–Tropsch synthesis share their vision for its future.

Reovirus mRNAs lack polyadenylated tails yet are efficiently translated. Here, the authors identify host protein ataxin-2-like (ATXN2L) as a mediator of reovirus nonpolyadenylated mRNA translation.

Dysregulation of blood vessel size can cause vascular malformations. Here, the authors demonstrate that endothelial cells generate circumferential actomyosin cables to control the size of cells and vessels.

A precise catalogue of more than 19 million variants from 838 tomato genomes, including 32 new reference-level genome assemblies, advances the understanding of the heritability of complex traits and demonstrates the power of the graph pangenome in crop breeding.

How plants mitigate the negative effects of exposure to continuous, moderately high temperatures remains underexplored. Here, the authors report the role of chelation-based iron uptake in mitigating prolonged high-temperature in cool-season grasses, specifically Brachypodium distachyon and wheat.

Components of the glycocalyx have been shown to impair immune cell functions, including of CAR-T cells. Here the authors show that CAR-T cell mediated cytotoxicity in pancreatic cancer models can be enhanced by incorporating non-signalling binding domains that target the glycocalyx.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

Classically ordered phases normally coupled directly to external probes but exotic multipolar phases are not straightforwardly accessible. Here the authors show that TmMgGaO₄ has multipolar order that can be inferred by inelastic neutron scattering and modeled by transverse field Ising model.

In the CheckMate 142 study, nivolumab (anti-PD-1) alone and in combination with ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) was shown to induce durable clinical benefit in patients with previously treated microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair-deficient metastatic colorectal cancer. Here, the authors perform exploratory biomarker analysis of the CheckMate 142 study.

Generally, net O₂ consumption becomes dominant when photosynthesis is suppressed at night in green organisms. Here, Bag et al. show that Scots pine and Norway spruce needles display strong O₂ consumption when extremely low temperatures coincide with high solar irradiation during early spring.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

This study identifies 95 interrelated barriers to building decarbonization, showing that social, political, and behavioral factors, alongside technical ones, inhibit the adoption of low carbon solutions across the sector.

Alopecia areata (AA) is a common autoimmune disease with a known genetic component. Here, the authors analyse 3,253 AA patients and 7,543 healthy controls, and identify two new risk loci and disrupted immune response pathways associated with the disease.

During an ongoing Ebola virus outbreak, infection before onset of protective immunity from vaccination is a possible scenario. Here the authors show in non-human primates that vaccination shortly before treatment with a monoclonal antibody does not negatively affect effectiveness of the antibody therapy.

Polyneuropathy causes are difficult to pinpoint. Here, authors used single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics of 37 human peripheral nerves to identify focal perineurial hyperplasia and endoneurial lipid-associated macrophages in polyneuropathies.

While GWAS have uncovered susceptibility loci for B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL), much of the heritable risk remains undiscovered. Here, the authors perform a meta-analysis of two existing BCP-ALL GWAS together with an unpublished GWAS to identify risk loci at 8q24.21 and 2q22.3.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Milk breastfeeding and prebiotic-supplemented formulas have varying effects on the infant gut microbiome. Here, in a randomized controlled clinical trial, the authors investigate the effects of a Lactobacillus paracasei-fermented formula on the immune defense mechanisms, microbiota and its metabolome in full term infants.

Cryptophanes are common host molecules, capable of binding neutral guests strongly. Here the authors show that, contrary to popular belief, solvents commonly used for these studies can be enclosed by the host and hence affect the calculated binding constants.

A deleterious mutation in the tomato transcription factor SSP2 was enriched during domestication. Repairing the deleterious mutation in cultivated tomato by base editing leads to compact growth and early fruit yield.

Repeat expansions in the FGF14 gene can cause late-onset cerebellar ataxia (SCA27B), however the defining features of pathogenic expansions remain uncertain. Here, the authors compare the sequence and structure of FGF14 repeat expansions in patients and controls, leading them to suggest a lower pathogenic threshold and emphasizing the importance of sequencing the full expansion for accurate interpretation.

A detailed and systematic study of Ca₁₀Cr₇O₂₈ reveals all the hallmarks of spin-liquid behaviour, in spite of the compound’s unusually complex structure.

Exactly how nucleic acids trigger type I interferon responses via certain Toll-like receptors has been uncertain. Now, a new pathway involving gene products previously linked to systemic lupus erythematosus but not known to interact has been unravelled, which could be of relevance to the female sex bias in this disease.

In this Consensus Statement, an international panel of experts present an overview of the latest developments in the field of cholangiocarcinoma. A set of consensus recommendations and research priorities is provided.

Intestinal tuft cell subtypes represent successive stages of differentiation that is driven by crypt-villus signaling gradients. Here, the authors show that applying these gradients to organoids generates mature immune-related chemosensory tuft cells suitable for experimental studies.

Measurements of fission fragments for 100 fissioning systems are used to map an asymmetric fission island, providing evidence for the role played by the deformation induced by a closed 36-proton shell.