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Global Burden of Disease analysis found that in 2023, suboptimal diet was estimated to be responsible for 4 million deaths and 97 million morbidity burdens from ischemic heart disease.

When 100 social and behavioural science claims were examined, 34% of reanalyses closely matched the original results, with 74% reaching the same conclusion, revealing limited robustness of single-path analyses and the need to address analytical uncertainty.

A large-scale study on the replicability of claims from social and behavioural science journals reports that about half of the results replicate in the same patterns as the original study.

The transformations for aragonite precursors in coral are not fully understood but have implications in bio, biogenic and geological mineralization. Here, the authors use high-resolution mapping and observe exponential decay from the edge of four precursors to coral aragonite skeleton in Stylophora pistillata.

Although widely used, television is underexplored in climate communication. Here analysis of German television programmes and audience perceptions shows that climate change coverage is concentrated in news formats and engages climate supporters, but misses climate-distant audiences drawn to entertainment.

Endocrine-exocrine pancreas crosstalk is known to play a role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Here, the authors discover that obesity induces the expression of the peptide hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) in β cells, affecting the peri-islet acinar cells and promoting islet-proximal tumor formation.

Conjugated polymers are promising for compact energy storage and actuation devices though it is challenging to balance these properties. Here the authors report a polymer system suppressing ion hydration for a multifunctional microdevice.

Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 continue to evolve 6 to 12 months after infection in patients who have recovered from COVID-19, increasing in potency and breadth with time.

Analyses of large-scale, multitaxa and long-term thermophilization patterns in forests, grasslands and alpine summits across Europe provide insight into shifts in community composition among different ecosystems in a warming world.

The Mouse Cancer Cell line Atlas (MCCA) provides major advances towards a mechanistic understanding of cancer genomes.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

Entanglement is central to theories of quantum many-body systems but is very resource intensive to measure. A protocol based on a quasilocal parametrization of physical states allows entanglement structures to be studied using very few measurements.

Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies 58 independent risk loci for major anxiety disorders among individuals of European ancestry and implicates GABAergic signaling as a potential mechanism underlying genetic risk for these disorders.

Artificial intelligence is advancing molecular simulation. Here, the authors introduce NeuralMD, a physics-informed AI framework that efficiently models and predicts protein-ligand binding dynamics, providing opportunities for accelerating drug discovery.

T-cell–mediated rejection (TCMR) remains a major cause of kidney transplant failure with incompletely understood mechanisms. Here the authors use single-nucleus RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics and immunofluorescence to show that injured kidney epithelial cell states associate with poor transplant outcomes after T-cell–mediated rejection.

On a 51-ion quantum simulator, we investigate locality of entanglement Hamiltonians for a Heisenberg chain, demonstrating Bisognano–Wichmann predictions of quantum field theory applied to lattice many-body systems, and observe the transition from area- to volume-law scaling of entanglement entropies.

The Sustainable Development Goals map out a broad spectrum of objectives. Analytical tools in form of the Index and Dashboards provide a starting point to set national baselines, and allow comparison of the SDGs with other indices of well-being.

This research identifies two neural factors linked to externalizing and internalizing symptoms through a longitudinal imaging-genetic cohort. Distinct neural configurations and cognitive-behavioral relevance highlight the need for tailored therapeutic strategies addressing psychiatric comorbidity across developmental stages.

Ongoing and projected climate changes are bringing increased marine heatwave frequency and intensity, threatening the health and survival of coral reefs. This Roadmap outlines the potential for assisted evolution methods to increase thermal tolerance in corals and describes ways to accelerate research and development for enhancing coral adaptation rates.

Functional neuroimaging during a face processing task sheds light on the role of brain default mode network connectivity as a key mediator when considering the association between early life stress and cognitive impairment.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Decarbonizing road transport is critical, but the costs and emissions of low-carbon vehicles in Africa remain uncertain. The authors show that battery electric vehicles with solar off-grid systems can cost effectively reduce life-cycle emissions well before 2040.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis study of blood lipid levels in roughly 1.6 million individuals demonstrates the gain of power attained when diverse ancestries are included to improve fine-mapping and polygenic score generation, with gains in locus discovery related to sample size.

Experts from 45 countries find that implementation and coordination, not ecological knowledge, form the main barrier to restoring free-flowing rivers, according to a study using a modified Delphi process to identify and rank research priorities for river restoration.

Reduced glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease. Here, Pattaro et al. conduct a meta-analysis to discover several new loci associated with variation in eGFR and find that genes associated with eGFR loci often encode proteins potentially related to kidney development.

Anatomically modern humans dispersed through Europe during the Upper Palaeolithic. Here, the authors model this dispersal combining archaeological, paleoclimate, and palaeoecological data and investigating how these variables impacted human demographic processes.

Genomic analyses applied to 14 childhood- and adult-onset psychiatric disorders identifies five underlying genomic factors that explain the majority of the genetic variance of the individual disorders.

A cross-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies association signals for stroke and its subtypes at 89 (61 new) independent loci, reveals putative causal genes, highlighting F11, KLKB1, PROC, GP1BA, LAMC2 and VCAM1 as potential drug targets, and provides cross-ancestry integrative risk prediction.

Small CRISPR Cas9 proteins have potential in gene therapies but generally have poor editing efficiency or specificity and often recognize sub-optimal PAM sequences. Here the authors characterise four small nucleases and use protein engineering to create effective in vivo editors.

The transcription factor ATF6 causes an enrichment in long-chain fatty acids in the colonic epithelium, which leads to changes in the gut microbiota and contributes to the development of colorectal cancer in humans and mice, thereby linking endoplasmic reticulum stress responses to lipid metabolism and tumorigenesis.

Marine sponges host bacteria that produce diverse bioactive compounds. Here, the authors conduct a large-scale metagenomic, single-bacterial and biochemical study to reveal the untapped biosynthetic potential of ‘Entotheonella’ symbionts, a talented producer taxon from microbial dark matter.

A systematic review including 574 studies extracts information about transmissibility, epidemiological delays and outbreaks for Zika virus disease at global scale.

A cortical premotor network in HVC, once initiated, can sustain and regulate the sequential production of zebra finch song syllables without major extrinsic inputs.

Yong et al. highlight how sampling conditions affect metabolic profile in renal cancer, showing that prolonged ischemic exposure disrupts tissue metabolome stability and masks important phenotypes, such as suppressed gluconeogenesis.

In this work, authors apply single-cell transcriptomics to nasal biopsies from post-COVID syndrome patients, revealing chronic inflammation driven by TNFα and TGFβ, alongside persistent airway epithelial remodelling in the absence of viral load.

Understanding deregulation of biological pathways in cancer can provide insight into disease etiology and potential therapies. Here, as part of the PanCancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) consortium, the authors present pathway and network analysis of 2583 whole cancer genomes from 27 tumour types.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.

A multi-ancestry genome-wide association study for age at menarche followed by fine mapping and downstream analysis implicates 665 pubertal timing genes, such as the G-protein-coupled receptor 83 (GPR83) and other genes expressed in the ovaries involved in the DNA damage response.

Geminin regulates DNA replication by binding CDT1 and preventing MCM helicase loading. Using a reconstituted system and structural modelling, the authors find geminin inhibits via steric clash with MCM, not by blocking the CDT1–MCM interface. Combined with CDK activity, it fully halts licensing.

The spatial structure of vortex laser beams associates angular momentum to photons, which, in addition to their spin, can be used to tailor light-matter interactions. Here, the authors excite an atomic transition with a vortex laser beam, showing that the transfer of angular momentum modifies selection rules.

Using carbon nanotubes in electronic or photovoltaic devices generates active metastable states. These elusive species are hard to characterize because of the polydisperse and aggregate nature of nanotube bundles. A complete characterization of the radical–ion pair state has now been achieved using a range of techniques.

Koina is an open-source, online platform that simplifies access to machine learning models in proteomics, enabling easier integration into analysis tools and helping researchers adopt and reuse ML models more efficiently.

Confident molecular identification is key for studying complex biochemistry. Here, the authors employ Quantum-Cascade Laser-based Mid-infrared imaging for rapid identification of ROIs, followed by MALDI imaging prm-PASEF for in-depth lipid identifications directly on complex tissues.

The on-chip generation of high-dimensional frequency-entangled states and their spectral-domain manipulation are demonstrated, introducing a powerful and practical platform for quantum information processing.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

Here the authors show that two conserved transcription factors are required for heat stress memory in barley by mediating proper induction of heat-response genes after recurring heat stress. Overexpressing one of them increases heat tolerance without affecting growth.