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Fang et al. report a scalable solution-soaking quenching technique to enable uniform passivation of large-area wide-bandgap perovskite films, resulting in 10.13 cm² solar modules with 20.32% efficiency, prolonged lifespan, and applications in tandem solar windows, transparent agrivoltaics, and portable power systems.

The APOE-ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, but it is not deterministic. Here, the authors show that common genetic variation changes how APOE-ε4 influences cognition.

Atomic catalytic pairs enable multistep transformations, yet the roles of spatial arrangement and coordination symmetry in homonuclear pairs remain unclear. Here, the authors construct atomically dispersed homonuclear Pt₁–Pt₁ pairs with asymmetric Pt₁C₃–Pt₁O₁C₃ coordination on reduced graphene oxide, enabling efficient transfer hydrogenation of azobenzene.

A new self-assembled monolayer at the buried interface of inverted perovskite solar cells improves photostability and favours energy transfer, resulting in devices with a certified power conversion efficiency of 27.19% and 1,500-h stability under the ISOS-L-2 protocol.

Replicating the properties of spider silk in synthetic materials is desirable but challenging. Here, the authors report a wet-spinning method using anti-solvent phase separation for polymer hydrogel fibres with favourable structures and properties.

This study identifies ICA proteins in Arabidopsis roots as key mediators of Ca²⁺ uptake through non-selective cation channels. High-order ica mutants show reduced Ca²⁺ levels and heightened stress sensitivity, revealing ICAs’ role in Ca²⁺ homeostasis.

Isosteric replacement, an important tactic in drug-lead optimization, typically demands bespoke synthesis. Here, the authors report a photochemical skeletal-editing method that converts readily available isoquinolines into otherwise difficult naphthalene derivatives in a single step.

Beige adipocytes quickly transition into white adipocytes upon the removal of stimuli, limiting their therapeutic potential for chronic metabolic diseases. In this study, the authors show that inhibiting Cdkn2a-Becn1 mediated autophagy can maintain beige adipocytes and provide long term metabolic health benefits in mice.

The development of catalysts for practical asymmetric hydrogenation of ketones remains an important goal of synthetic organic chemistry. Here, an anionic iridium catalyst with excellent activity is reported and used in a hundred-kilogram-scale reduction as part of a route to chiral nicotine.

An atomically thin high-κ gate dielectric of Bi₂SeO₅ can be formed via layer-by-layer oxidization of an underlying two-dimensional semiconductor, allowing high-performance field-effect transistors and inverters to be fabricated.

Steam treatment transforms inactive Pd₁/CeO₂ catalyst into a highly reactive one by forming a Ce₂O₃-Pd nanoparticle interface. This domain interface is created by the coordinated migration of Ce and Pd atoms on the atom trapped Pd₁/CeO₂.

This study reveals that CYBDOM proteins promote drought tolerance by regenerating apoplastic ascorbic acid (AsA) and activating autophagy through interaction with RbohD, and link AsA redox, ROS and selective autophagy in plant stress responses

The regulatory mechanism and functional consequence of lysine lactylation remain to be explored. Here, the authors identify HBO1 as a lysine lactyltransferase and suggest a potential role of HBO1 in tumorigenesis through H3K9la-mediated transcription regulation.

Here, authors use Cryo-FIB and Cryo-TEM to reveal the atomic structures of the sulfide electrolyte/Si electrode interfaces, showing that the continuous lithium-ion consumption during interfacial reaction rather than interface impedance leads to capacity fade and battery failure.

Yuan et al. find that the kidney can serve as a site of initiation for the spread of pathological α-synuclein to the brain, contributing to the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and providing a mechanistic link between PD and renal dysfunction.

Determining the causal variants at GWAS loci is crucial for understanding genetic disease mechanisms. Here, the authors apply MPRA to perform non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) variant-to-function mapping at scale and propose distinct genetic architectures underlying NSCLC susceptibility.

Spliceosomal snRNP core assembly typically requires chaperones such as the SMN complex. Here, the authors reveal two pathways in budding yeast: a chaperone-mediated pathway involving Brr1 and Lot5, and a direct pathway using stable intermediates, shedding light on chaperone evolution.

The authors report the large low-field-driven electrocaloric effect in the novel organic-inorganic hybrid TMCM-CdCl₃, underlyingly from the disordering of organic cations and the low-symmetry interaction induced two-step meta-electric transition.

The role of FGF21 in HFpEF is not fully understood. Here, the authors show that circulating levels of FGF21 are elevated in patients with HFpEF and that it protects against HFpEF by triggering multiorgan crosstalk among the liver, adipose tissue, and the heart, suggesting that FGF21 could be a promising therapeutic target for treating HFpEF.

Mcm2 mutation or Pole3 deletion in mouse embryonic stem cells leads to asymmetric parental histone distribution and impaired neural differentiation. Mutation of the Mcm2 histone-binding domain causes defects in pre-implantation development and embryonic lethality.

Metabolic inactivation of pharmaceuticals has not been sufficiently addressed in the field of drug delivery. Now, a hydrogen-bonded organic framework bioorthogonal platform has been designed, which in situ simultaneously activates an anticancer drug and an inhibitor of a catabolic enzyme.

Sn doping enables a breakthrough in p-type AgSbTe₂ for thermoelectric applications, achieving a zT of 2.5 and 12.1% device efficiency. The authors reveal an impurity band mechanism, offering a strategy for AgSbTe₂ optimization.

Here the authors show disturbing parental histone inheritance in cancer cells drives tumor progression by reprogramming the epigenetic profile and conferring fitness advantages to some of the newly emerged subclones.

Fabricating complex nanodevices requires joining techniques such as welding, common for metals but still out of reach for ceramics. Here the authors use MgO as a solder in a transmission electron microscope with a CO₂ atmosphere to weld ceramic nanowires, and show their novel technique can also weld bulk ceramics.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) removes misfolded proteins from the secretory pathway. Here the authors identify two plant-specific proteins in Arabidopsis, PAWH1 and PAWH2, that bind to and stabilise the ER-anchored ubiquitin ligase Hrd1.

Retrotransposons are silenced by an epigenetic mechanism and piRNA pathway in the mammalian germline. Here, the authors report that UHRF1 suppresses retrotransposons by interacting with PRMT5 and PIWI proteins during spermatogenesis.

Water sterilization demands high flux and antibacterial membranes. Here, authors realize such membranes by coupling covalent organic frameworks and Cu₂O nanoclusters. This coupling enhances the generation of reactive oxygen species under visible light, enabling fast and durable water purification.

Meningeal lymphatic vessels have been associated with amyloid beta clearance, which is considered as a modulation target for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treatment. Here, the authors show that transcranial light treatment can enhance meningeal lymphatic drainage in aged and AD model mice and improve AD-associated pathology and cognitive function.

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) and PAF-like phospholipids were identified as propagators of ferroptosis, whereas PAFAH2 suppressed synchronized ferroptosis and, thus, prevented tubular cell death in acute kidney injury.

High morbidity and mortality in aquatic have been caused by iridovirids worldwide. Here the authors present a near-atomic SGIV capsid structure. Functional assays further reveal the relationships between identified capsid proteins and viral assembly.

An algorithm based on concepts established in computational linguistics enables rapid principled design of mRNA vaccines optimizing both structural stability and codon usage, resulting in improved half-life, protein expression and immune responses.

The role of TREM1 in neurodegenerative diseases is unclear. Here the authors show that TREM1 promotes cognitive decline in aging and in the context of amyloid pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease.

Carbon dioxide influences plant–water relations and gas exchange by regulating stomatal aperture. Here, Tian et al. characterize RHC1, a MATE family transporter that under elevated carbon dioxide concentrations promotes stomatal closure via activation of the SLAC1 anion channel.

Using a gentle purification, authors isolated RyR1 coupled with S0 helix. Cryo-EM structures reveal that S0 enhances the conformational transitions in cooperation with Ca2 + /ATP, suggesting S0 is an essential component of RyR1.

The authors show that knocking out SMAD4, human NK cells resist TGFβ and activin A suppression and demonstrate that SMAD4 knockout enhances the antitumor function of several NK cell products in clinical development.

Several in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystems (ivSEBs) to produce poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) via acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) have been reported, but suffer from complicated operation procedures, low yields, and/or dependence on costly ATP. Here, the authors report the design of an ATP-free ivSEB for one-pot, high-yield PHB biosynthesis via acetyl-CoA utilizing starch-derived maltodextrin as the sole substrate.

Shao, Li, Liu et al. identify the GAS6–ATF3 axis as a central regulator of survival and proliferation of protective resident MerTK⁺ cardiac macrophages and show that GAS6 administration improves cardiac repair after ischemic–reperfusion injury in mice in an ATF3-dependent manner.

The synthesis of perovskite materials with preferred facet orientations is challenging due to randomized nucleation. Here a two-dimensional layered perovskite that initiates controlled lattice growth upon molecular sublimation is synthesized, enabling the formation of large-area films of α-FAPbI₃ perovskite with long-range lattice order.

Controlling crystal growth in perovskite syntheses that rely solely on chemical processes is challenging. Now, a synthesis protocol that integrates mechanical and chemical effects achieves enhanced crystalline orientation and uniformity.

The genomic organization and origin of the avenacin biosynthetic gene cluster remain unknown. Here, the authors assemble the genome of diploid oat Avena strigosa, reveal the structure and organization of the consecutive genes, characterize the last two missing pathway steps, and investigate the origin of the pathway in cereals.

O-GalNAc glycans are essential in many biological and pathological processes, but difficult to access due to their structural complexity and synthetic challenges. Here, the authors report an efficient chemoenzymatic modular assembly strategy to construct structurally diverse O-GalNAc glycans, use the synthesised glycans to generate a synthetic mucin O-glycan microarray and profile binding specificities of glycan-binding proteins.

A pangenome of wild and cultivated rice accessions captures the entire set of non-redundant genes and diversity in rice, and provides insights into the pathways involved in the evolution of rice.

This study demonstrated how the oomycete effector RxLR23^KM can trigger plant defense responses by interacting with NbERD15La, a regulator of abscisic acid and salicylic acid pathways in tobacco, which in turn regulates the downstream immune activator NbNAC68.

Sodium layered metal oxides suffer from irreversible structural deterioration at high voltage in sodium-ion batteries. Here, authors develop a magnesium ion and vacancy dual-doping strategy to enhance the anionic redox reversibility and structural stability of layered oxides.

Cell-based, in vitro and in vivo assays reveal that Fanconi anemia factors function in a BRCA1-dependent BIR-like pathway to restart stalled replication forks and that persistent replication stress contributes to FA pathogenesis.

High yields of methanol are difficult to achieve with direct oxidation of methane to methanol. Here the authors report a high methanol space-time yield which is attributed to the confinement effect of 6-membered ring voids and the isolated Cu-OH single sites in SSZ−13 zeolite.

The characterization of lysine lactylation (Kla) in prokaryotes remains unclear. Here, the authors identify the regulatory enzymes (YiaC as a lactylase and CobB as a delactylase) and functional network of Kla and reveal a Kla-mediated molecular mechanism for glycolysis regulation in Escherichia coli.

In aged mice, inhibition of prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) signalling through its receptor EP2 improves cellular bioenergetics, reduces inflammatory responses and restores hippocampal plasticity to youthful levels, resulting in an improvement in spatial memory and cognition.

A bulk ceramic composed of interlocked boron nitride nanoplates with a laminated structure of twist-stacked nanoslices is created using hot-pressing and spark plasma sintering, which exhibits large elastic and plastic deformability and high strength at room temperature.