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The efficiency of perovskite/Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ tandem solar cells is limited by halide segregation in the perovskite layer. Zhang et al. use 2-pyrrolidinone to slow the crystallization of halide intermediates, ensuring a homogeneous distribution and achieving a power conversion efficiency of 27.3%.

An amorphous–crystalline silicon nitride nanocomposite at the buried interface of perovskite solar cells enables small-area devices with a certified power conversion efficiency of 26.37%. Modules with an area of 1,252 cm² maintain stable output for 6 months of outdoor operation.

The research explores how ultrasound-based human-machine interfaces generalize across a wide variety of situations and participants. Robustness was achieved, with new users able to control virtual hands without the need for calibration.

Solution-based methods exist to upcycle waste polyolefins, although these resort to the use of co-reactants and require non-negligible energy inputs. Here the authors show how a solar thermal catalytic system based on copper particles encapsulated within a 2D Si material can strongly alleviate such issues.

Achieving long-term phase-stabilized formamidinium (FA)-based perovskites remains challenging. Here, authors integrate ferroelectric CsMnBr3 nanocrystals into FA-based perovskites for ferroelectric field-mediated structural regulation, achieving maximum efficiency of 26.62% for stable solar cells.

An engineered self-assembled monolayer improves perovskite crystallization, enabling perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells with a certified power conversion efficiency of 33.59%, 90% of which is maintained after 2,000 h of operation at ambient temperature.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

The mainstream passivation strategies routinely rely on crystalline materials for perovskite photovoltaics. Here, authors utilize a solid phase reaction to prepare an amorphous (lysine)₂PbI₂ layer to neutralize surface and interface defects, achieving device efficiency of over 26% for solar cells.

IrO2 catalysts typically feature rutile structures with multiple facets. The authors develop an ammonia-induced method to synthesize single-faceted CuO₂ monolayers with the theoretically optimal (101) facet, resulting in high oxygen evolution activity and stability (>10,000 h) in a water electrolyser.

The realization of tandem solar cells with industrially textured silicon with pyramid sizes larger than 2 μm remains a significant challenge. Here, the authors create iceberg-like pyramids to facilitate complete coverage of perovskites on substrates, achieving certified device efficiency of 33.15%.

Co-deposition of copper thiocyanate with perovskite on textured silicon enables an efficient perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell with a certified power conversion efficiency of 31.46% for 1 cm² area devices.

Self-assembled monolayers targeting wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells are essential to reduce the open-circuit voltage loss. Here, the authors report the stepwise tuning of interfacial energy level through inductive effect, achieving perovskite/TOPCon tandem solar cells with efficiency over 31%.

The power conversion efficiencies of thick-film perovskite solar cells lag behind those with nanometre film thickness. Here, the authors rule out the restrictions of carrier lifetime on device performance and reveal the critical role of lattice strain in micron-scale thick perovskite films.

The roles of organic A-cations in halide perovskite photovoltaics are discussed from a molecular point of view by considering their chemical, lattice and electronic interactions. Prospects for future research directions, opportunities and challenges are also presented.

The black phase of formamidinium lead iodide perovskite is used to make highly efficient solar cells, and a technique to improve its purity and stability by controlling crystal nucleation could make them even better.

High-entropy hybrid perovskites exhibit improved materials properties compared with their individual components. When employed in solar cells, champion devices achieve a certified power conversion efficiency of 25.5% and an extrapolated T₉₀ lifetime of over 5,000 h under continuous light soaking.

Perovskite solar cells often rely on ordered molecular contacts for favourable charge-carrier transport, and any organizational disruption reduces device efficiency. Now a contact featuring an orthogonal π-skeleton has been shown to afford a high resilience to external stimuli plus long-term durability in accelerated-ageing tests.

The correlation between the instability and facet properties of wide-bandgap perovskites has not been revealed. Here, the authors introduce trioctylphosphine oxide for strong oriented growth of (111) facet in films and achieve certified efficiency of 30.26% for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells.

The energy disorders in the lateral direction of the junction in large-area photovoltaic modules are largely overlooked. Here, authors employ organic amidinium passivators to suppress the micro-inhomogeneity in the lateral energy landscapes and achieve high performance stable perovskite solar cells.

The light field effect can improve performance in electrocatalytic processes, but is not fully understood. Here the authors design a photo-coupled electrocatalyst using a porphyrin ligand as a photosensitizer and a coordinated metal as a catalytically active site for carbon dioxide reduction.

Silicon is an abundant element on earth and is perfectly compatible with the well-established CMOS processing industry. Here, Sun et al. demonstrate multifunctional neuromorphic devices based on silicon nanosheet stacks, bringing silicon back as a potential material for neuromorphic devices.

A peri-fused polyaromatic core structure is used to produce a relatively chemically inert and structurally rigid molecular contact that improves the efficiency and durability of perovskite solar cells.

The valorization of undesirable substrates offers a two-fold strategy for pollution remediation and renewable energy conversion. Here, authors demonstrate the scavenging of Ni from electroplating wastewater and subsequent utilization as materials for photothermal CO₂ reduction.

The researchers introduce an all-silicon optical PUF that enhances IoT device security through CMOS-compatible fabrication, showcasing five unique optical responses per pixel for advanced authentication and high information entropy.

Understanding how catalysts corrode during use is crucial in developing new, durable devices. Here, the authors studied the real-time corrosion of core-shell palladium-platinum nanocubes by electron microscopy and found two competitive etching mechanisms to dominate catalyst degradation behavior.

The octahedral unit is the fundamental and functional component of halide perovskites. The comprehensive and in-depth understanding of octahedral unit behaviour will facilitate modulation of structure at the atomic level, benefiting perovskite (opto)electronic devices with enhanced efficiency, stability and functionality.

The large-size detector-grade CH₃NH₃PbI₃ single-crystal wafers were fabricated through stress-free gel-confined solution growth process, achieving an energy resolution of 4.9% under ²⁴¹Am gamma-ray source with ultralow operating bias of 5 V.

This Review discusses the progress in and potential pathways for incorporating two-dimensional materials into silicon platforms, from integrated devices to monolithic circuits.