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Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering interferometry reveals a highly entangled electronic phase in Nd₂Ir₂O₇, enabling extraction of its entanglement structure and confirming the cubic-symmetry-breaking order predicted from complementary Raman spectroscopy.

A nerve cuff composed of bioresorbable and ultrasound-activated triboelectric polymers is used to block pain in rats and pigs.

Here, the authors report magneto-mechano-electric energy generation based on Mn-doped PIN–PMN–PT single crystals. Their device provides sufficiently high and stable output power density for efficient self-powered operation of wireless IoT systems and other large-scale energy harvesting applications.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

Here the authors by applying a single-molecule detection platform enabling FRET measurement on a long plasmid DNA construct, provide detailed insights on how negatively supercoiled DNA impacts co-transcriptional R-loop and G4 formation.

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

The impact of obesity on cancer remains insufficiently explored. Here the authors show that in mouse models, dysfunctional adipocytes exhibit low levels of BECN1 which induce YAP/TAZ activity to promote breast and colorectal tumor progression.

Here, the authors show that higher levels of the gut bacterial clade TANB77 associate with better response to cancer immunotherapy, and further demonstrate in mice that a conserved pilin from TANB77 plays a role in enhancing immunotherapy efficacy, suggesting a potential therapeutic avenue.

Mitochondrial biogenesis is stimulated to meet energy requirements in response to extracellular signals including exercise. TAZ is revealed as a novel stimulator for mitochondrial biogenesis and facilitates exercise-induced muscle adaptation.

Scheme explaining the mechanism of ROS generation from HCZ hydrogel and its antibacterial application.

Insulin resistance is associated with development of type 2 diabetes. Here the authors show that TAZ interacts with c-Jun and Tead4, inducing expression of the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) leading to increased glucose uptake in muscle, and that its activity is counteracted by statin administration.

This study shows that cerebellar Bergmann glia process noxious stimuli by integrating signals from the locus coeruleus. This mechanism modulates pain-related behaviors. These findings provide insight into cerebellar involvement in pain processing.

By controlling two voltage gates separately from one another, a spatial light modulator has been made that can continuously vary the phase of 360 degrees while independently adjusting the amplitude.

Microbiome-secreted proteins act as key modulators of host-microbiome crosstalk. Here, the authors show that Amuc_1409 protein, secreted from Akkermansia muciniphila, plays a key role in intestinal homeostasis by regulating intestinal stem cells through interaction with E-cadherin, indicating its potential as a biomolecule for improving gut health.

This study shows that plants form epidermal cells anew to protect a vulnerable new surface exposed by organ abscission while facilitating the subsequent growth of tissue and fruit at the abscission site.

Wavelength-scale, low-threshold, vortex and anti-vortex nanolasers with topological charges in an optical cavity that is formed by a topological disclination are demonstrated, paving a way towards the development of ultra-small light sources with quantized vector vortex states attractive for optical communication systems.

A gold-embedded oxide interlayer can be used to create metal–interlayer–semiconductor contacts for two-dimensional materials that exhibit low series resistance and Fermi level depinning.

Spike-frequency adaptation in thalamocortical (TC) neurons is important for sensory transmission though the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, the authors identify a role for the calcium-activated chloride channel, ANO2, in mediating TC spiking adaptations and visceral pain response.

Won et al. compare genetic associations with subjective well-being in Korean and European populations, and show significant cross-population genetic correlations

LC3/ATG8 plays an essential role in autophagy. Here the authors show that LC3B exhibits RNA-binding ability and induces rapid degradation of target mRNAs via autophagic activation, highlighting the interplay between autophagy and RNA biology.

The efficiency of perovskite quantum dot solar cells based on organic cations is relatively low. Aqoma et al. develop an alkyl ammonium iodide-based ligand exchange strategy for the replacement of the long-chain oleyl ligands and phase stabilization that enables 18.1%-efficiency solar cells.

The development of direct in situ disinfection methods in bottles is of vital importance for providing safe drinking water, especially in rural and disaster-stricken areas. Harvesting the electrostatic charges induced by walking can stimulate electroporation disinfection and provide readily available portable water for point-of-use applications.

Mungbean is a fast-growing and warm-season legume crop, cultivated mainly in Asia. Here, the authors sequence the genomes of both wild and domesticated mungbean varieties and, together with detailed transcriptome data, provide insight into mungbean domestication, polyploidization and speciation.

Interstitial macrophages (IM) are a specialised population of macrophage cells in the lungs which regulate lung inflammation. Here using mouse models, the authors show that a CD39⁺CD9⁺ IM population reduce IL-23/Th17 driven neutrophilic inflammation through suppression of NETosis.

Higher-order photonic topological states, such as corner states, could enable robust and high-quality confinement of light to a small mode volume. Here, the authors demonstrate lasing from topological multipole corner states and investigate their emission profiles via hyperspectral imaging.

Non-Hermitian optical systems have been shown to sustain lasing when they go from a PT-symmetric to a PT-symmetry-broken phase. Here, Kimet al. study this phase transition of lasing modes in partially graphene-covered coupled microcavities and show tuning of an exceptional point.

The bacterium Helicobacter pylori, often found in the human stomach, can be classified into distinct subpopulations associated with the geographic origin of the host. Here, the authors provide insights into H. pylori population structure by collecting over 1,000 clinical strains from 50 countries and generating and analyzing high-quality bacterial genome sequences.

In yeast, Hda1 histone deacetylase complex (Hda1C) preferentially deacetylates H3 and H2B, but has also been implicated in global H4 deacetylation. Here, the authors provide evidence that Hda1C binds to hyperactive genes, where it specifically deacetylates H4 to partially inhibit elongation, suggesting a role for Hda1C in elongation by specifically deacetylating H4 at highly transcribed regions.

Spinons, or fractionalized collective excitations, have been reported in 1D systems but are debated in higher dimensions. Here the authors show that a heterostructure-based approach induces liquid-like spin dynamics in a 2D Heisenberg antiferromagnet, with isotropic continuum excitations extending to low energies.

Constructing atomically flat surface in a single crystal ultrathin film is difficult owing to the coherent merging of trillions of clusters. Here the authors establish the initial growth mechanism of a single crystal Cu thin film with atomically flat surface using atomic sputtering epitaxy.