Search

The origin of asteroid (469219) Kamo‘oalewa, target of China’s Tianwen-2 mission, is debated. Here, the authors show that it probably originated from the Flora family and it resembles asteroid (25143) Itokawa-like composition but with a more space-weathered surface.

Molecular characteristics of amniote lineages can inform evolutionary inference. Here, the authors present a single-cell RNA-sequencing atlas of the chicken, which is applied to compare immune cells of chicken, turtle, duck and human, determining similarities and distinctions across amniote immune system evolution.

Achalasia is a rare condition characterised by inability to swallow. Here, the authors use whole-genome sequencing to identify a FAM129C variant associated with the disease and characterise B cell responses towards the GABA-A receptor in a mouse model expressing that variant.

Through a one-dimensional inorganic ionic polymerization strategy, researchers have successfully obtained elastic minerals that combine high hardness with elastomer-like flexibility, which hold promise for high-strength intelligent strain sensors.

L-valine is an essential amino acid for animal nutrition that can be produced through aerobic fermentation. Here the authors engineer E. coli for growth-coupled L-valine production under anaerobic conditions achieving a yield of 0.55 g/g glucose, 85% of the theoretical maximum.

This study achieves high-density potassium niobate ceramics via hot-pressing. It identifies a unique intragranular pore-evolution mechanism driven by lattice diffusion, revealing how these pores dictate the material’s chemical stability.

Selective C–C bond activation adjacent to two heteroatoms is challenging due to competing C–X cleavage. This work develops a Ni–Al catalytic system that enables precise activation of the inert C2–C3 bond in β-lactams, facilitating efficient annulations with π-systems with high regiocontrol.

Antibiotics have been used to treat tuberculosis for over 80 years. Here, Chen et al. analyze over 18,000 Mycobacterium tuberculosis genomes to reconstruct the temporal and spatial evolution of drug resistance across China, highlighting the importance of human migration and bacterial adaptation in shaping local epidemics.

Natural variation in the promoter of OsTPS8 contributes to differences in grain chalkiness and seed vigor between indica and japonica rice subspecies by altering trehalose-6-phosphate biosynthesis and α-amylase levels.

Here the authors show that PLAGL1 is essential for bone formation from mandibular cells, and losing it hinders regeneration. Epigenetically reactivation of PLAGL1 is proposed as a potential strategy for promoting craniofacial bone healing.

Bamboo can be processed into high performance structural material if its mechanical strength and homogeneity are enhanced. Here the authors report a strategy to process natural bamboo into a lightweight, robust, and durable structural material with high strengths in longitudinal and transversal directions through bonding network reconstruction.

Catalytic methods for the reductive carboxylation of carbonyl derivatives with CO2 remain underexplored and predominantly limited to carboxylation of activated carbonyl derivatives, which rely on the generation of stabilized organometallic intermediates or carbanions to react with CO2. In this study, the authors report a reductive carboxylation of unactivated hydrazones with CO2 via visible-light photocatalysis.

A mouse model expressing human CASP4 exhibits endogenous TDP-43 mislocalization, motor deficits and age-dependent neuropathology seen in ALS, providing a tool for studying disease mechanisms and testing new therapeutics.

A randomised trial in metformin-treated type 2 diabetes found once-weekly efsubaglutide improved HbA1c and fasting glucose, reduced weight, and enhanced meal-stimulated insulin secretion with mainly mild GI side effects.

The authors present exciting metasurface-enabled green-smart window that combines high visible transparency, low IR emissivity for temperature stabilization, and programmable electromagnetic functions from 0° to 80° under both transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarizations to improve the communication quality.

All-solid-state batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their potential for high specific energy and safety, but they struggle to operate stably under low pressure. Here, the authors reveal that fluorine atoms can spontaneously form stable bulk and interfacial structures through rapid diffusion kinetics, thereby improving the ability of all-solid-state batteries to operate stably under low pressure.

Tinengotinib is a spectrum-selective multi-kinase inhibitor targeting several oncogenic and immunoregulatory pathways, including FGFR1–3, JAK1/2, VEGFRs, and Aurora A/B kinases. Here the authors report the results of a phase Ib/II trial of tinengotinib as monotherapy or combined with anti-PDL1 atezolizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Electronic skins are promising for wearable electronics, though existing fabrication methods have unfavorable processes and mechanical properties. Here the authors utilize a dipping-dipping molecular assembly to fabricate an E-skin in seconds.

The interface between perovskite and tin dioxide in perovskite solar cells suffers from interfacial defects and energy level mismatch that limit efficiency. Zhang et al. add a polymerized dimethyldiallylammonium chloride interlayer to passivate defects, tune band bending, and enhance charge extraction.

Here they assemble a cross-species single-cell transcriptomic atlas of mammalian placentas and show that trophoblast diversification underlies placental evolution, while identifying TGIF1 as a regulator associated with preeclampsia and pregnancy loss.

Fibroblast heterogeneity is a hallmark of fibrosis including in the kidney, but their precise roles in driving renal fibrosis are incompletely understood. Here the authors report that a switch to a CD248⁺ extra cellular matrix -producing fibroblast subset contributes to kidney fibrosis, and blocking CD248 with a monoclonal antibody mitigates the phenotype in male mice.

High endothelial venules (HEVs) are an underexplored metastatic route. The authors show that breast cancer cells spreading via HEVs are less immunogenic due to ALOX12-driven immune evasion.

The authors conducted two trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NH600001, an etomidate derivative, in gastrointestinal endoscopy. The results showed NH600001 has a sedative effect while reducing the risk of adrenocortical depression.

How single-neuron network topology shapes neuronal function and learning remains unclear. By tracking thousands of neurons in monkey PPC across learning, the authors show that network topology at single-neuron resolution facilitates both global and modular neural processing to mediate task performance and learning.

Carbon and nitrogen uptake should be coordinated to maintain metabolic balance in cyanobacteria. Here, authors reveal how the bicarbonate importer CmpABCD is activated by intracellular nitrate, uncovering a structural mechanism that directly links carbon uptake to nitrogen availability.

Neuraminidase activity of NEU1 regulates insulin resistance and glucose tolerance. Here the authors report that NEU1 also inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis in a non-enzymatic manner by binding SAM68, thereby activating GCN5 transcription.

Converting plastic waste into jet fuel could support aviation decarbonization, but current approaches are limited by high-pressure requirements and low efficiency. Here the authors present a tandem hydropyrolysis and vapour-phase hydrogenation strategy that uses a Ru/Co-Al oxide catalyst, achieving promising rates and yields at low pressures.

CNS injury disrupts neural circuits, with poor regeneration due to HDAC retention and hostile environments. Here, the authors show a nanosystem with LMK-235 that forms electroactive scaffolds and promotes regeneration and enhances synaptic reconnection

High-performance perovskite tandem solar cells are limited by uneven, disordered self-assembled monolayer (SAM) acting as hole-selective layers. Luo et al. design a SAM that yields uniform, stable interfaces, reducing non-radiative losses and boosting efficiency and durability

Global analysis of obesity trends from 1980 to 2024 in 200 countries and territories using data from 4,050 population-based studies reveals that framing obesity as a single global epidemic masks the highly varied dynamics across countries and age groups.

Potassium-ion batteries face a trade-off between bulk and interfacial electrolyte properties. Here, the authors report a solvation structure engineering strategy that decouples these factors, enabling safe, stable, and fast-cycling batteries across a wide temperature range.

Cell-type-specific 3D genome maps are hard to generate experimentally. Here, the authors develop Hi-Compass, a deep-learning framework that predicts chromatin interactions from accessibility data across variable sequencing depths, recovering chromatin loops and linking disease variants to target genes.

Hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer lacks defined treatment options following CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) failure. Here, the authors present a phase Ib clinical trial where the CDK4/6i dalpiciclib is combined with the histone deacetylase inhibitor chidamide in this setting.

Solid-state organic optical limiters for laser protection suffer from aggregation quenching. Here, the authors use coordination-bond anchoring strategy to overcome this and achieve an enhancement of nonlinear absorption coefficient.

Researchers have found that extreme hot-wet weather in 2024 triggered a spike in ecosystem respiration, mainly in tropical non-forests, significantly reducing the year’s land carbon sink and pushing the atmospheric CO2 growth rate to a record high.

Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase from Faecalibacterium prausnitzii inhibits PD-L1 trafficking to boost anti-tumour immunity and potentiate anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy during colorectal cancer.

Using warming microcosms across 100 paired sites, a global meta-analysis and microbiome manipulation experiments, this study shows that agricultural microbiomes confer higher compositional and multifunctionality resistance to warming and can transfer this resistance to natural soils.

N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) is an N⁴‐acetylcytidine (ac⁴C) writer, which catalyzes RNA acetylation at cytidine N⁴ position on RNAs. Here, the authors show that NAT10 catalyzes ac⁴C addition to a long non-coding RNA encoded by the oncogenic DNA virus Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), triggering viral lytic reactivation from latency, which promotes NAT10 recruitment of IFI16 mRNA, resulting in inflammasome activation.

Researchers show that additive manufacturing can create high-density stable edge dislocations in a refractory high-entropy alloy, enabling unusually strong yet ductile performance at high temperatures and providing a new route to extreme-environment materials.

Hypoxia triggers distinct epidermal and dermal metabolic responses, driving skin organoids from spherical aggregates to planar embryonic-like structures. This reveals how cells use low oxygen to construct functional tissue.

In a multicentre trial of AAV1-hOTOF gene therapy involving 42 participants aged 0.8–32.3 years with autosomal recessive deafness 9, treatment demonstrated safety, tolerability, and improved hearing and speech perception, with age and distortion product otoacoustic emissions associated with treatment outcomes.

Oral leukoplakia is a precancerous lesion that can transform into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Here, the authors discover that OSCC migrasome-derived PTGES promotes oral leukoplakia carcinogenesis through macrophages reprogramming.

Understanding the subcellular distribution of RNA-binding proteins can shed light on their structural and functional features. Here, the authors map RNA-binding proteins across cellular compartments, revealing hierarchies and atypical functions.

A modular peptide technology that self-assembles into nanofibres on bacterial surfaces through a membrane-anchoring biphenyl group, a diphenylalanine linker and a cationic peptide enables disruption of drug-resistant pathogens.