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In this study, the authors identify a network mechanism where rTMS targeting the orbitofrontal cortex improves attentional vigilance and positive symptoms in patients with first episode schizophrenia.

Using an observational social defeat model, here authors show NG2 glia in the medial amygdala of observer mice attenuate GABA synthesis and reduce inhibitory tone onto neighboring GABAergic neurons, thereby driving empathy-like allogrooming toward distressed companions.

Prunus subgenus Cerasus comprises over 70 species with ornamental, edible, and medicinal value. Here, the authors assemble eight genomes from wild and cultivated Cerasus species, construct pangenome together with 13 public genomes, and uncover the evolutionary origin and genetic determinants of flower development.

The authors develop a supercritical mechanochemical process which converts metal oxides to MOFs, enabling rapid, low-cost kilogram-scale production under mild conditions for sustainable manufacturing.

AmiAge predicts biological age from plasma amino acids, linking age gaps to frailty, disease risk, and aging markers. An 8-amino acid model offers a scalable tool for personalized health and aging research.

Damping hydrogels have potential in protection from impact and vibration, but combining this performance with desirable mechanical properties is challenging. Here, the authors report the development of hydrogels with entangled domains for resistance to chain sliding, giving favourable performance.

Binary asteroids are common, yet their diverse configurations remain mysterious. Here, the authors show how repeated mass shedding and satellite migration drive this diversity, explaining complex forms like contact-binary satellites.

This work demonstrates a self-powered, event-nature artificial spherical compound eye that achieved ultrafast and panoramic motion sensing under 0 V, particularly suitable for resource-limited drones and robotics.

Regulatory T (Treg) cells influence adipose tissue homeostasis and hence metabolic health but the mechanisms are less well known. Here the authors establish, via gain and loss of function mouse models, that GPSM1expression in Treg cells regulate their expansion in adipose tissue, and upon genomic deletion of GSPM1, a specific subset of Treg cells expand and mitigate adipose tissue inflammation caused by high fat diet.

Microbatteries are essential for miniaturized electronics, but it is currently difficult for scale-up fabrication with high efficiency and high consistency. Here, authors report a stack-punching method that enables high-throughput fabrication of microbatteries with high consistency, demonstrating their potential for wearable devices and biohybrid systems.

Peripheral nerve injury lacks effective strategies for synchronous neuromuscular repair. Here, the authors develop a fully implantable self-powered mechano-electrical bioelectronic system (MEBIS) that integrates programmable mechanical stimulation with adaptive electrical signaling to enable coordinated nerve regeneration and muscle preservation, significantly improving functional recovery.

Perovskite–organic tandem solar cells promise very high efficiency, but progress is limited by voltage loss from non-radiative recombination in organic layers. Li et el. design an emission-active molecule that suppresses quenching, improves light use, and enables high efficiency tandem devices.

Diverse AI models empower pathology, but varying downstream performance complicates selection and data barriers prevent joint pretraining. Here, authors propose Meta-Encoder, unifying multiple foundation models to achieve superior cancer detection and molecular predictions.

CNS injury disrupts neural circuits, with poor regeneration due to HDAC retention and hostile environments. Here, the authors show a nanosystem with LMK-235 that forms electroactive scaffolds and promotes regeneration and enhances synaptic reconnection

Here the authors show that PLAGL1 is essential for bone formation from mandibular cells, and losing it hinders regeneration. Epigenetically reactivation of PLAGL1 is proposed as a potential strategy for promoting craniofacial bone healing.

Scanning tunneling spectroscopic imaging reveals a field-driven symmetry breaking of CDW modulations in superconducting NbSe₂. Model calculations suggest that the observed anisotropy originates from a Doppler-shift-induced reconstruction of the dispersion of Bogoliubov quasiparticle excitations.

Deciding between partial nephrectomy (PN) or radical nephrectomy (RN) in patients with complex renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains a significant clinical challenge. Here, the authors develop an AI model for functional risk stratification in complex RCC using preoperative computed tomography images and clinical data, aiming to assist treatment choice for complex RCC patients, for whom PN is challenging but remains feasible.

Zhang et al. show that the activation of RIPK1 is suppressed by acetylhypusination in a spermidine-dependent manner. Disruption of this axis contributes to RIPK1-mediated vascular pathology to promote insulin resistance and diabetic kidney pathology.

Protein splicing is a popular eukaryotic technique to diversify protein function, yet this concept remained underexplored in bacteria. Here, the authors show that a conserved coding strategy across Vibrio species produces two isoforms of Fha and this aids in T6SS.

Realising the potential of DNA nanomaterials for biomedical applications requires efficient manufacturing approaches. Here the authors develop a scalable bacteriophage-based method to directly produce stable, reproducible DNA nanoassemblies with minimal purification, enabling low-cost production.

The mechanisms driving bone metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer remain incompletely understood. Here, the authors show that loss of the SWI/SNF subunit ARID1A rewires arginine metabolism, fostering an immunosuppressive bone microenvironment and targeting this metabolic pathway significantly reduces bone metastatic burden.

While first-line immunochemotherapy has shown efficacy in patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), survival benefit is limited. Here, the authors report a phase II randomised clinical trial comparing durvalumab (anti-PD-1) plus anlotinib (multi-TKI) against durvalumab alone as maintenance therapy in patients with ES-SCLC along with biomarker analysis.

Telomeric systems are conserved across eukaryotes and may have originated over 1 billion years ago. Here the authors replaced yeast’s telomeres with a bacterial virus system, resulting in a stable functional assembly of DNA molecules up to 2.77 Mb, offering insights into the possible origins of telomeres.

It is useful to be able to determine the changes a material has undergone, but this is challenging in synthetic systems. Here, the authors report the development of a hydrogel materials conditioned by swelling, allowing determination of exposure to heat and salt by nucleation changes.

Spindle neurons in the human cortex are morphologically distinct. Here, authors show that they also possess distinctive electrophysiological and transcriptomic features, establishing them as a functionally specialized cell type in the human brain.

A randomised trial in metformin-treated type 2 diabetes found once-weekly efsubaglutide improved HbA1c and fasting glucose, reduced weight, and enhanced meal-stimulated insulin secretion with mainly mild GI side effects.

Resistance to targeted therapies in cancer can be induced by metabolic rewiring. Here, the authors show that upregulation of the glucose transporter GLUT6 drives targeted-therapy resistance by diverting glucose metabolism to activate the anti-oxidative stress NRF2 pathway in lung cancer.

Phase-change materials cannot be easily integrated into electrically driven metasurfaces. Here, the authors develop a monolithically integrated Sb2Se3 phase-change metasurface composed of a 6 × 6 pixel array, enabling high-speed and broadband control over the phase and amplitude of light.

Long-range electrostatic calculations are an expensive step in molecular dynamics simulations. Here, the authors introduce Ewald summation with prolates (ESP), which accelerates this step by up to tenfold, and implement it in open-source packages LAMMPS and GROMACS.

Genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors are valuable tools for metabolite monitoring. Here, authors report a versatile strategy to design such biosensors via regulatory domains of allosteric enzymes, showing that the developed tools support sensitive detection of target metabolites in vitro and in live cells.

Preeclampsia results from abnormal placentation, but the role of protein O-fucosylation is unclear. Here the authors show that poFUT1 loss reduces EDIL3 O-fucosylation, disrupts LIFR–STAT3 signaling, and causes defective placental remodeling and PE-like phenotypes.

Atmospheric water harvesting provides a vital pathway for mitigating freshwater scarcity. This study introduces a 3D-printed porous structure designed for rapid water capture, overcoming a critical bottleneck that has long hindered the large-scale deployment of atmospheric water harvesting technology.

This study uses cryo-electron microscopy and tomography to reveal the extracellular filaments of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 biofilms, identifying flagella and two distinct pili that help organize the biofilm matrix.

Chern ferromagnetism is established in twisted bilayer MoTe₂ devices at large twist angles. Here, the authors observe evidence of antiferromagnetic ground states with zero Hall resistance at an intermediate twist angle around three degrees, demonstrating the sensitivity of the magnetic ground state.

This work introduces Siamese foundation models tailored for crystal structure prediction. The proposed approach achieves superior performance on downstream benchmarks and in superconductor validation tasks.

Using time-resolved cryo-EM, this study captures fibrillar collagen assembly as it matures from a metastable to a stable state, shedding light on tissue maintenance and disease-linked defects.

Researchers show that additive manufacturing can create high-density stable edge dislocations in a refractory high-entropy alloy, enabling unusually strong yet ductile performance at high temperatures and providing a new route to extreme-environment materials.

Marine bacteria are often under constant phage predation. Li et al. present that surface-attached populations exhibit 26-fold higher survivability than planktonic counterparts during lytic phage infection. They identify CtrA as an evolutionary target for phage-driven selection towards an attached lifestyle.

This work develops a 3D-printed aluminium alloy with an Al₃Er nanoscale skeleton that deforms rather than breaks, achieving 700 MPa strength and 7% elongation, the mechanisms of which enable stronger lightweight structural metals.

Osteoporotic fractures often heal poorly due to high oxidative stress. Here, the authors develop an intelligent responsive hydrogel coating for magnesium implants that decelerates implant degradation, alleviates oxidative stress, and promotes bone regeneration.

An analytical framework is established to reveal resolution limits in random media. Based on this, researchers design a tapered-fiber-based resonant leaky-mode spectropolarimeter achieving tens-of-femtometer resolution and full-Stokes measurement.

Global analysis of obesity trends from 1980 to 2024 in 200 countries and territories using data from 4,050 population-based studies reveals that framing obesity as a single global epidemic masks the highly varied dynamics across countries and age groups.

Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) represents a heterogenous group of metastatic malignancies with no standard of care following disease progression. Here, the authors report a phase II clinical trial evaluating F520 (anti-PD-1), bevacizumab (VEGF inhibitor) and nab-paclitaxel in the second line setting for patients with cancer of unknown primary.

The maternal effector NLRP14 regulates two E3 ubiquitin ligases via distinct mechanisms to prevent excessive ubiquitination and maintain protein homeostasis during the oocyte-to-embryo transition, thereby supporting successful early embryonic development.

NUMTs record mitochondrial‑to‑nuclear DNA transfer, but their diversity is not well defined. Here, the authors create a pangenome‑based NUMT map, revealing hundreds of fixed and polymorphic events, regulatory activity, lineage‑specific dynamics and NUMT‑derived tandem repeats.

Co-deposited perovskite solar cells suffer from self-assemble monolayer (SAM) aggregation that weakens interfacial adhesion and limits performance. Zhuang et al. design an asymmetric SAM and a crosslinking additive to curb aggregation, enabling efficient, stable devices.

Integrating single-cell multi-omics data remains challenging. Here, the authors benchmark 23 integration methods including foundation models across diverse datasets, revealing task-specific trade-offs and proposing an adaptation strategy that enhances foundation model performance.

Platinum-based catalysts are essential for sustainable hydrogen production. Here, the authors report a scalable synthesis of a low-platinum catalyst supported on Ni-N-doped carbon nanotubes that maintains high activity and stability for over 4500 h in industrial-scale water electrolysis.