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Viscous electron flow in graphene has been shown to exhibit vortices. Here the authors report analogous vortices in viscous fluid flow through a narrow channel making the presented fluidic system an attractive setup for quantative measurements which are otherwise hard to perform with viscous electron flow.

Lead halide perovskites have unique electronic properties that depend on the crystal’s anharmonicity. Dielectric solvation theories, developed for molecules dissolved in polar liquids, are shown here to reproduce the temperature behavior of carrier solvation in the electronic spectra, implying strongly anharmonic lattice dynamics.

Detection of ultracold molecules based on absorption imaging have inherent limitations. Here, the authors demonstrate spatially resolved detection of single ultracold 87Rb133Cs molecules in the bulk, extending recent microscopy developments from ultracold atoms to molecules.

Here, the authors perform statistical measurements on hundreds of plasmonic nano-cavities embedding WSe₂ monolayers, and show the activation of anti-Stokes photoluminescence in WSe₂ through resonant excitation of a dark exciton at room temperature.

Intramolecular coupling of extended biphen[n]arenes is developed to yield cycloparaphenylenes (CPPs). The modular nature of biphen[n]arenes makes it possible to customize CPP structures, which permits tuning of their photophysical properties. The syntheses are short and excellent yields are achieved. Moreover, postsynthetic functionalization is possible.

Exploiting photon–phonon coupling in nanoscale silicon waveguides could enable a host of powerful features in photonic devices. Using a hybrid photonic–phononic waveguide structure, Shin et al. show stimulated Brillouin scattering nonlinearities and gain, which offers new on-chip signal-processing abilities.

Rotors are widespread in nature, but the collective behavior of heterogeneous populations remains poorly understood. Authors demonstrate that oppositely spinning rotors spontaneously self-assemble into active chains called gyromers, stabilized purely by fluid and steric interactions.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering can be used to measure the spin current carried by magnons in the presence of temperature gradients across a magnetic insulator.

Genomic tools and ocean circulation models show that organisms surface-drift across the Southern Ocean frequently. The extreme cold therefore keeps Antarctica biologically isolated, but as the climate warms new species may establish quickly.

Researchers report the first direct measurements of the wavefunction and Dirac distributions for polarization states of light. Their implementation determines the general description of the pure state of a qubit. This technique is simple, fast and general, and has an advantage over the conventional approach of performing quantum state tomography.

TFG-1 is identified as a regulator of COPII coat assembly that interacts with SEC-16 to control protein exit from the endoplasmic reticulum. TFG–kinase fusion proteins have been detected in some cancers and might promote oncogenesis by prematurely phosphorylating target substrates as they exit the endoplasmic reticulum.

Cross-polarized stimulated Brillouin scattering and its integration with quadratic nonlinearity is studied in lithium niobate, which enhanced photonic device performance in a reconfigurable stimulated Brillouin laser with 0.7-Hz narrow linewidth and 40-nm tunability, an efficient coherent mode converter, and Brillouin-quadratic laser and frequency comb operational in near-infrared and visible bands.

Despite their two-dimensional nature, metasurfaces offer flexible and efficient control over the properties of light passing through them. Here, the authors realize chiral silicon-based metasurfaces for applications as polarizers or as emitters of polarized thermal radiation.

Pump–probe measurements conventionally achieve femtosecond time resolution for X-ray crystallography of reactive processes, but the measured structural dynamics are complex. Using coherent control techniques, we show that the ultrafast crystallographic differences of a fluorescent protein are dominated by ground-state vibrational processes that are unconnected to the photoisomerization reaction of the chromophore.

Far-infrared polarimetric observations reveal a transition parallel to the gas flow in the orientation of magnetic field lines in the Serpens South molecular cloud, allowing gravitational collapse to occur even in the presence of strong magnetic fields.

Due to racial stereotypes, innocuous objects (e.g. a tool) can be misperceived as a gun when presented immediately after a Black individual’s face. Here, the authors examine the neural basis of this effect, showing that neural response patterns to tools in visual perception regions become more similar to those typically elicited by guns, contributing to racially biased responding.

PROTAC development has surged in popularity, however our ability to characterize PROTAC specificity in living cells has lagged behind. Here, the authors develop ProtacID, a flexible proximity-dependent biotinylation (BioID)-based approach to identify PROTAC-protein interactions in living cells.

Here, authors develop an anti-counterfeiting device using semiconducting polymer nanoparticles embedded in photoresist thin films. The device exhibits high brightness, stability, and encoding capacity, with promising uniqueness and reliability under UV exposure, high humidity, and temperature variations.

SynGFN integrates synthesis constraints directly into the chemical design process. The result is a generative framework that produces diverse, high-quality molecules that can be readily synthesized in the laboratory.

Using a neural network trained on continent-wide data and a fracture model, the ice shelves in Antarctica that may be prone to hydrofracturing under further atmospheric warming are identified.

Atoms in a semiconductor can have non-zero nuclear spins, creating a large ensemble with many quantum degrees of freedom. An electron spin coupled to the nuclei of a semiconductor quantum dot can witness the creation of entanglement within the ensemble.

Here the authors document evidence of ultrafine ash captured within ash-venting nozzles at Cordón Caulle volcano (Chile). This decouples eruptive processes from the emitted products, as explained by a new model of in-vent ash migration and sticking.

Two optical signatures of amyloid fibres—luminescence in the blue and a near-infrared signal, which can be observed in in vitro and in vivo tissues—are reported. The findings allow for staining-free characterization of amyloid deposits in human samples and could open the door to innovative diagnostic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.

Enterololin is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic that selectively kills Enterobacteriaceae in vitro and in a mouse model of adherent-invasive Escherichia coli gut infection. AI-guided mechanism-of-action studies identified LolCDE as its molecular target.

The kinesin-3 KIF1C transports dense core vesicles in neurons and delivers integrins to cell adhesions sites. Here the authors show that KIF1C's autoinhibitory interactions are released upon binding of protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN21 or cargo adapter Hook3 resulting in cargo-activated transport.

Cellular cholesterol levels are tightly regulated. Here, the authors show that the hedgehog signalling receptor PTCH is a cholesterol transporter. Reduction in PTCH activity leads to cellular cholesterol accumulation, changes in nuclear hormone receptor activity and fatty acid metabolism.

Realization of the bicyclic aromaticity has attracted much attention because of the potential to modulate the fundamental properties of 3D aromatic organic molecules that are not topologically planar. Now, the synthesis and characterization of dual-aromatic molecules, and their electronically mixed [4n+1]/[4n+1] triplet bi-radical species displaying Baird-type aromaticity, has been realized.

Synthetic nanocages that can adapt the size and shape of their cavity in response to a given guest have potential applications in various areas, including chemical purification. Now a flexible, pseudo-cubic metal–organic cage has been developed that is able to dynamically expand its cavity from 46% to 154% of its initial volume by flipping its cage faces.

An optofluidic device rapidly detects, via surface-enhanced Raman scattering, picomolar concentrations of biomarkers for traumatic brain injury in finger-prick blood samples from patients.

In vitro library screening is a powerful approach to identify functional biopolymers, but only covers a fraction of possible sequences. Here, the authors use experimental in vitro selection results to train a conditional variational autoencoder machine learning model that generates biopolymers with no apparent sequence similarity to experimentally derived examples, but that nevertheless bind the target molecule with similar potent binding affinity.

AI methods can discover new antibiotics but existing methods have limitations. Swanson et al. develop a generative AI model that learns to design molecules that are easy to synthesize. The authors apply the model to design and validate novel antibiotics against the bacterial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii.

Laboratory experiments suggest that bursting bubbles enhance ice melt from tidewater glaciers, and consequently, glacier-ice structure needs to be accounted for in projections of ice loss and sea-level rise.

Fast radio burst FRB 110523, discovered in archival data, reveals Faraday rotation and scattering that suggests dense magnetized plasma near the source; this means that to infer the source of the burst, models should involve young stellar populations such as magnetars.

Cellular fluidics provides a platform of unit-cell-based, three-dimensional structures for the deterministic control of multiphase flow, transport and reaction processes.

Oceanic crust subduction sequesters substantial amounts of argon in the Earth’s mantle, while atmosphere-derived argon affects only the isotopic composition and not the overall budget, according to geodynamic–geochemical models of mantle convection.

Experimental evidence for charge coupling to ferroelectric soft mode is scarce. Here, the authors find a photogenerated coherent phonon coupling to the electronic transition above the bandgap in the van der Waals ferroelectric semiconductor NbOI2.

The radial-velocity technique could detect a small gas giant orbiting a binary star and determine its mass: 65.2 ± 11.8 Earth masses. The system also hosts a smaller inner planet, making it one of the few known multiplanetary circumbinary systems.

The circadian rhythm generates out-of-equilibrium metabolite oscillations controlled by feedback loops under light/dark cycles. Now, it has been shown that these life-like properties can emerge from a non-equilibrium nanosystem comprising a binary population of enzyme-containing polymersomes capable of light-gated chemical communication, controllable feedback and coupling to macroscopic oscillations.