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The molecular etiology of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is largely unknown. Here the authors show from a prospective study of diverse pregnancies that the disease can be split into molecular subtypes based on RNA data and validated a classifier for individuals with no preexisting high risk factors.

Polycystic Ovary Sydrome is a highly heritable, complex reproductive disorder with unknown underlying genetic factors. Here Hayes and Urbanek et al. identify three loci in European women strongly associated with neuroendocrine changes and disease susceptibility.

Madar et al. report that behavioral timescale synaptic plasticity (BTSP), not spike-timing-dependent plasticity, explains heterogeneous place fields shifting in the hippocampus. The probability of BTSP induction follows patterned dynamics, is higher in new contexts and lower in CA3 than CA1.

Similarities in cancers can be studied to interrogate their etiology. Here, the authors use genome-wide association study summary statistics from six cancer types based on 296,215 cases and 301,319 controls of European ancestry, showing that solid tumours arising from different tissues share a degree of common germline genetic basis.

Monkeypox virus genomic data from Nigeria and Cameroon, sampled between 2018 and 2023, indicate that the virus spread through repeated zoonoses in Cameroon, whereas in Nigeria, it spread mainly through human–human transmission, predominantly originating in Rivers State.

Fine-mapping of causal variants and integration of epigenetic and chromatin conformation data identify likely target genes for 150 breast cancer risk regions.

Whole-genome sequencing analysis of individuals with primary immunodeficiency identifies new candidate disease-associated genes and shows how the interplay between genetic variants can explain the variable penetrance and complexity of the disease.

This study reports the characterization of a double white dwarf that will explode as a type Ia supernova on our Galactic doorstep. Given that the source is so close, this event would outshine all stars in the sky, with an apparent magnitude of −16.

Breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers varies depending on other genetic factors. Here, the authors perform a case-only genome-wide association study and highlight novel loci associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers.

Whole-exome sequencing of 250 parent–offspring trios identifies an enrichment of rare damaging de novo mutations in individuals with cerebral palsy and implicates genetically mediated dysregulation of early neuronal connectivity in the etiology of this disorder.

A study of 36 massive galaxies at redshifts between 5 and 9 from the JWST FRESCO survey finds that galaxy formation of the most massive galaxies is 2–3 times higher than the most efficient galaxies at later epochs.

Paul Pharoah and colleagues report the results of a large genome-wide association study of ovarian cancer. They identify new susceptibility loci for different epithelial ovarian cancer histotypes and use integrated analyses of genes and regulatory features at each locus to predict candidate susceptibility genes, including OBFC1.

Openshaw and colleagues find myeloid inflammation and complement activation signatures in patients with long COVID who were previously hospitalized.

Patients’ selection is particularly important in cancer treatment. Here the authors present a proof-of-principle methodology that could be potentially important in assisting therapeutic decisions in the treatment of breast cancer patients.

Dendritic spines operate as high-impedance input structures that amplify local synaptic depolarization to enhance electrical interaction among coactive inputs.

People who can't understand words are better at picking up lies about emotions.

Recordings from cortical neuron dendrites of head-fixed mice during an object-localization task provide direct evidence that a novel global nonlinearity has a role in integrating sensory and motor information during a behaviour-related computation.

GPAT1 is a mitochondrial outer membrane protein that catalyzes the first step of glycerolipid biosynthesis. Cryo-EM structures and functional studies of human GPAT1 uncover the molecular architecture and mechanism of this important acyltransferase.

Expression signatures from cell-free RNA of pregnant women can be used to reveal normal biology of pregnancy and predict development of pre-eclampsia.

Finding a suitable donor kidney for renal transplant candidates who are allosensitized to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) can be challenging. In this Review, Gloor and Stegall discuss currently available strategies for screening and desensitization and new techniques that are under development. Treatments that target donor-specific antibodies have shown some success in reversing acute antibody-mediated rejection, a common complication in antibody-incompatible kidney transplantation. New treatments, such as anti-C5 antibody-mediated complement blockade and proteasome inhibitor-mediated plasma cell depletion, are promising therapeutic avenues.

Over 170 susceptibility loci have been identified by genome-wide association studies in breast cancer. Here, the authors interrogated the role of risk-associated variants from non-breast tissue, and using expression quantitative trait loci, identify potential target genes of known breast cancer susceptibility variants, as well as 11 regions not previously known to be associated with breast cancer risk.

Despite being a common congenital facial anomaly, the genetic etiology of craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is not well understood. Here, the authors use exome and genome sequencing of 146 individuals with CFM to identify haploinsufficient variants in SF3B2 as a prevalent underlying cause.

Genome-wide analysis identifies 32 loci associated with breast cancer susceptibility, accounting for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status and tumor grade.

How do neurons combine distinct information streams and form long-lasting associations? Dendritic plateau potentials may allow the integration and storage of coincident location and contextual information in hippocampal neurons.

The authors investigated the neocortical representations that mediate sensory–motor transformations in active sensing behavior. Layer 5 of vibrissae cortex generates a diverse, distributed network representation via active dendritic integration.

The Cancer Genome Atlas Network describe their multifaceted analyses of primary breast cancers, shedding light on breast cancer heterogeneity; although only three genes (TP53, PIK3CA and GATA3) are mutated at a frequency greater than 10% across all breast cancers, numerous subtype-associated and novel mutations were identified.

Roger Milne and colleagues conduct a genome-wide association study for estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer combined with BRCA1 mutation carriers in a large cohort. They identify ten new risk variants and find high genetic correlation between breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers and risk of ER-negative breast cancer in the general population.

Whole-exome analysis of individuals with developmental disorders shows that de novo mutations can equally cause loss or altered protein function, but that most mutations causing altered protein function have not yet been described.

Developmental disorders (DDs) are more prevalent in males, thought to be due to X-linked genetic variation. Here, the authors investigate the burden of X-linked coding variants in 11,044 DD patients, showing that this contributes to ~6% of both male and female cases and therefore does not solely explain male bias in DDs.

Osteoporosis GWAS faces two challenges, causal gene discovery and a lack of phenotypic diversity. Here, the authors use the Diversity Outbred mouse population to inform human GWAS using networks and map genetic loci for 55 bone traits, identifying new potential bone strength genes.

By integrating healthcare and exome-sequencing data from parent–offspring trios of patients with developmental disorders, 28 genes that had not previously been associated with developmental disorders were identified.

Chromodomain Helicase DNA-binding (CHD) proteins have been implicated in neurodevelopmental processes. Here, the authors identify missense variants in CHD3 that disturb its chromatin remodeling activities and cause a neurodevelopmental disorder with macrocephaly and speech and language impairment.

Evan Eichler and colleagues identify a recurrent microdeletion on 16p12.1 associated with developmental, cognitive and neuropsychiatric phenotypes. They also show that more severe phenotypes are frequently correlated with the presence of a second large genomic rearrangement, supporting a complex model of pathogenesis that may underlie the variable expressivity typical of many microdeletion syndromes.