Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas is a relatively new, clinically distinct entity, which is being increasingly diagnosed. The publication of international consensus guidelines for the management of IPMN helped to increase the awareness and improve the management of patients with this disease; however, a number of issues still need to be addressed. This Perspectives discusses several of these issues, including the classification of mixed-type IPMNs, criteria for the resection of branch duct IPMNs and surveillance.