UFMylation, a ubiquitin-like modification, regulates endoplasmic reticulum-associated ribosome quality control by conjugating UFM1 to the ribosomal subunit RPL26, preserving ribosome integrity under stress. This Review explores the structural basis of UFMylation and its emerging functional breadth, and it discusses putative UFMylation substrates.
- Masaaki Komatsu
- Nobuo N. Noda
- Toshifumi Inada