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Global Burden of Disease analysis found that in 2023, suboptimal diet was estimated to be responsible for 4 million deaths and 97 million morbidity burdens from ischemic heart disease.

Achieving simultaneous flexibility, thermal stability and strong absorption in conventional X-ray sensors is challenging. Here, the authors develop an all-inorganic fabric X-ray sensor working from 80 K to 1373 K, enabling real-time imaging of molten metals and superconducting magnets.

Here the authors show that marine diatoms produce tryptophanol, a molecule that at extremely low concentrations rapidly activates nitrogen assimilation genes and enzymes. This facilitates acquisition of nitrogen, a vital ocean nutrient.

An electrothermal fluorination methodology has been developed to transform granular activated carbon-sorbed aqueous film-forming foam waste into graphene and a fluorinating reagent, subsequently enabling lithium recovery from brine sources.

The immune mechanism of radioresistance in cancer patients remains to be explored. The authors here show that CXCL13 is upregulated in tumor regions upon radiation, which recruits immune suppressive CXCR5⁺ monocytes. Blocking CXCR5/CXCL13 interactions facilitate tumor control following radiation.

Here, the authors show that the PLA2G6 protein is a component of the IP3R1–GRP75–VDAC1 complex at the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, maintaining the integrity and function of ER–mitochondria contacts.

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) causes severe yield and quality loss in cereal crops worldwide. Here, the authors report a cyclic nucleotide-gated channel/Ca^2 + -permeable channel encoding protein negatively regulate PHS and its involvement in modulating of calcium and hormonal signaling pathways in wheat.

Unsatisfactory long-term stability of solid-state Li-metal batteries is hampering their commercialisation despite their potential high energy density. Here, authors employed a rationally designed porous tellurium interlayer and demonstrated high capacity retention for 4000 cycles.

Preparation of phosphorescent materials from bio-based materials is desirable, but achieving the desired properties can be challenging. Here, the authors report the development of 3D printable woody materials by grafting carboxyl functional groups onto lignocellulose matrices.

The volume expansion of silicon is a big problem in lithium-ion batteries with silicon anodes. Here, the authors report direct graphene growth on silicon nanoparticles, which effectively mitigates the problem, leading to excellent electrochemical performance.

Dendrobium is a genus of mostly epiphytic and lithophytic orchids. Here, the authors conduct comparative genome analysis for 24 chromosome-level genome assemblies and genome skimming sequencing data for 204 species in this genus, and reveal genomic variation, biosynthesis and evolutionary adaptation in Dendrobium orchids.

Neuromorphic computing hardware normally makes an unideal trade-off between energy efficiency, scalability and reliability. Kim et al. report a ferroelectric heterostructure based memristor with near-zero nonlinearity, endurance beyond 10E7 cycles, rectifying ratio exceeding 10E6 and sub-pA off-current.

The degradation in silicon-graphite anodes is originated from Li ion crosstalk between silicon and graphite, and the pressure-induced staging transition of the graphite. Here, the authors demonstrate a prismatic cell with improved volumetric energy density and cycle stability by targeted solving above issues.

Energy density and cyclability are often a trade-off for lithium-ion batteries. The authors develop cobalt- and nickel-free cathodes with both good cycling stability and high energy density through the integration of polyanion units into rocksalt structures.

The authors have applied an eight-tissue rat multi-omic dataset to analyze the gene regulatory landscape of endurance exercise training, identifying tissue-specific regulatory patterns involved in muscle function, metabolism and immune response.

Emulating biological vision with dual functions of photoreceptors and photosynapses through light-modulated ion transport presents a significant challenge. Here, the authors present a light-regulated nanofluidic iontronic device that can mimic the dual visual functionalities with adjustable polarity-switching behaviour.

This study shows that ROS1 mediates DNA demethylation mainly via an occupancy-based passive mechanism, challenging the traditional active model, and reveals that ROS1 occupancy marks and regulates accessible chromatin, highlighting its diverse roles.

Improved technologies are required to curb the substantial greenhouse gas emissions associated with heating and cooling. Researchers have now revisited endothermic cooling to design a sustainable, reversible sorption-driven dissolution refrigeration cycle, which holds broad potential for cooling, heating, and thermal storage applications.

To ensure the reliable operation of anode-less solid-state lithium metal battery, herein, the authors report the role of metal interlayer as the interface control strategy for achieving the stable lithium plating and stripping using the multiple operando and in-situ analysis.

The authors from the ALICE collaboration identify multiple species of mesons and baryons and measure the anisotropic flow with non-flow removal techniques in pp and p-Pb collisions at the LHC, identifying the hallmark of quark flow associated with an expanding quark-gluon plasma.

A clinical trial testing whether monitoring ctDNA clearance during treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer could be used to inform decisions about an individual’s subsequent therapeutic programme shows promising results.

Host cell protein degradation machinery including the lysosome is involved in the processing and degradation of protein antigens. Here the authors develop lysosomal targeting vaccine approaches and test these in murine models of influenza infection.

Dong and colleagues report that blockade of T cell-expressed cytotoxic and regulatory T cell molecule results in selective mitigation of immune-related toxicities without affecting antitumor efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Sustainable end-of-life management strategies for fibre-reinforced plastics are urgently needed from a sustainability perspective. Here the authors develop a solvent-free flash upcycling method, enabling ultrafast and efficient upcycling of fibre-reinforced plastics to fulfil such a need.

By characterizing time-varying interbrain synchrony (IBS) using source-localized wavelet coherence and k-means clustering, we found that social decision-making is shaped by temporal IBS fluctuations and flexible interbrain communication between key cortical regions.

Madduri et al. introduce a computational framework grounded in control and game theory to model co-adaptation between users and decoders in neural interfaces. This framework enables a principled design of closed-loop systems that improve usability and personalization.

The authors introduce the Electromagnetic Frequency Dispersion Coefficient (EFDC), a unified parameter linking material properties to microwave absorption. It enables ultra-thin, broadband absorption with record performance and stable operation across temperatures, simplifying the design of advanced absorbing materials.

Oxygen release in Li-rich layered oxides is of both fundamental and practical interest in batteries, but a varied mechanistic understanding exists. Here the authors evaluate the extent of oxygen release over extended cycles and present a comprehensive picture of the phenomenon that unifies the current explanations.

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with inorganic solid-state electrolytes suffer from lithium dendrites propagation. Here, the authors demonstrate the production of stable lab-scale LMBs using an Ag-coated Li_6.4La₃Zr_1.7Ta_0.3O₁₂ inorganic solid electrolyte in combination with a silver-carbon interlayer.

Initially anode-free batteries with garnet-type solid-state electrolytes suffer from internal strain by repeated Li plating/stripping. Here, the authors propose a near-strain-free anode architecture for interfacial diffusion of Li metal that suppresses volume expansion during cycling.

The solid-electrolyte interphase is crucial for most batteries, but its characterization is challenging. Here, authors develop a depth-sensitive plasmon-enhanced Raman spectroscopy method to enable in-situ and nondestructive resolving of its structure and chemistry as well as formation mechanisms.

Pairing a cobalt-free cathode with an Earth-abundant SiO_x anode is favourable from a sustainability perspective. Here the electrolyte design allows for such a combination as well as exciting battery performance.

Ruan and colleagues show that vascular resident macrophage-derived Sparcl1 has a protective effect during aorta aneurysm progression by interfering with FGF2-induced dysfunctional lymphangiogenesis, TLS formation and immune cell recruitment.

Metal-organic batteries are gaining traction as versatile, low-cost, and sustainable devices, although there are still few ways to probe internal behavior during use. Here, the authors explore organic-molecule structural changes within several battery systems by in operando infrared spectroscopy.

Dietary changes can impact the microbial constitution of the gastrointestinal tract and modulate the local immune response. Here, the authors show supplementation using lysates of Methylococcus capsulatus Bath result in changes to the microbiota, modulate Treg populations and metabolic read outs in a dietary control murine model.

New technologies are needed to reduce the large greenhouse gas footprint of heating and cooling. Wu et al. propose a reversible sorption-driven dissolution refrigeration cycle with promise for cooling, heating and thermal energy storage.

Conventional theories for interfacial thermal transport are derived from bulk phonon properties. Here, the authors report experimental observation of interfacial phonon modes localized at interfaces, changing how interfacial thermal transport should be understood.

A catalytic Joule heating approach is developed for the growth of one-dimensional nanomaterials via a vapour–liquid–solid mechanism under far-from-equilibrium reaction conditions. It demonstrates broad applicability for the rapid and energy-efficient synthesis of diverse nanowires and nanotubes, including refractory and high-entropy systems.