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The authors report the implementation of a Transformer-based model on the same architecture used in Large Language Models in a 14nm analog AI accelerator with 35 million Phase Change Memory devices, which achieves near iso-accuracy despite hardware imperfections and noise.

As presented at the ESMO Congress 2025: In patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumours, including mesothelioma, treatment with a first-in-class inhibitor of the Hippo−YAP−TEAD pathway was safe and led to encouraging clinical response rates in patients with mesothelioma.

Magnesium is an ideal rechargeable battery anode material, but coupling it with a low-cost sulphur cathode, requires a non-nucleophilic electrolyte. Kimet al. prepare a non-nucleophilic electrolyte from hexamethyldisilazide magnesium chloride and aluminium trichloride, and show its compatibility with a sulphur cathode.

Biomolecular phase separation arises from collective molecular interactions and is emerging as a key theme for biological function. Here the authors propose a broadly applicable method to quantify these interactions based on compositional and energetic parameters.

Although the number of participants is important for phenotypic prediction accuracy in brain-wide association studies using functional MRI, scanning for at least 30 min offers the greatest cost effectiveness.

Developing sustainable and scalable nanocrystal syntheses is challenging but necessary for future technologies and the environment. Here, the authors show that using an ionic liquid to stabilize a highly reactive precursor can fulfill the major aims of sustainable nanocrystal synthesis, including high yields, energy efficiency, atom economy, and recyclability.

In this study, the authors analyzed iPSC-derived neurons from 180 ALS patients and controls, finding that TDP-43 dysfunction is variable and mirrors changes seen in postmortem brain and repairing nuclear pore damage is sufficient to reverse TDP-43 proteinopathy.

The demand for soft robots urges the development of new light-responsive materials for remotely powered actuation. Here, Wie et al. show directional motion over centimeter scales using azobenzene-functionalized liquid crystalline polymer films upon continuous radiation from ultraviolet to visible light.

Scaffold-guided bone regeneration is a promising treatment strategy for segmental defects, but clinical translation has been hindered, partially by mechanical function limitations. Here, Clark et al. describes a permanent printed polymer with a resorbable stem cell laden ceramic core for reconstructing segmental mandibular defects, which is tested in an ovine model.

A comparison of fish community data with reef coral and macroalgae cover at several sites around Polynesia over 11 years and spanning disturbance events suggests that fish community diversity has only minimal influence on coral dynamics, including recovery from disturbance.

Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) is expressed in immune cells and microglia, where its role remains poorly understood. Here, the authors show that BTK modulates microglial neuroinflammatory pathways relevant to multiple sclerosis (MS) and report robust effects of BTK inhibition in human in vitro models and animal models of MS.

Cell type labelling in single-cell datasets remains a major bottleneck. Here, the authors present AnnDictionary, an open-source toolkit that enables atlas-scale analysis and provides the first benchmark of LLMs for de novo cell type annotation from marker genes, showing high accuracy at low cost.

Acute febrile illness is common in sub-Saharan Africa and causative agents are often unknown. Here, the authors perform metagenomic sequencing on samples from patients with acute febrile illness in Uganda for which no diagnosis was available through routine diagnostic screening.

SAVANA is a tool to detect somatic structural variants and copy number aberrations using long-read sequencing data, offering high sensitivity, specificity and compatibility with or without germline controls.

High ozone and low water structures in the tropical western Pacific are commonly attributed to transport from the stratosphere or mid-latitudes. Here, Anderson et al. show these structures actually result from ozone production in biomass burning plumes and large-scale descent of air within the tropics.

The isolation of dental proteins from fossils deposited 1.5 million to 18 million years ago in the Turkana Basin in Kenya, a tropical region, demonstrate the promise of dental enamel for palaeoproteomic and evolutionary studies.

The pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be found in vacuoles and cytoplasm within infected cells. Here, Schator et al. show that extracellular bacteria use a type-III secretion system to induce Ca²⁺ influx into host cells and promote vacuole escape of intracellular bacteria and in vivo dissemination.

Cell state plasticity of neuroblastoma cells is linked to therapy resistance. Here, the authors develop a transcriptomic and epigenetic map of indisulam (RBM39 degrader) resistant neuroblastoma, demonstrating bidirectional cell state switching accompanied by increased NK cell activity, which they therapeutically enhance by the addition of an anti-GD2 antibody.

To extract information from NMR experiments, the number of resonances in the spectrum along with characteristic features such as chemical shifts and intensities need to be identified. Here the authors present UnidecNMR, a computational method that identifies resonances in NMR spectra using deconvolution.

Analysis of ground-sourced and satellite-derived models reveals a global forest carbon potential of 226 Gt outside agricultural and urban lands, with a difference of only 12% across these modelling approaches.

Does aromaticity have a size limit? Evidence is presented for global aromaticity in porphyrin nanorings with circuits of up to 162 π-electrons. The conformation of the nanoring can be altered by changing the template, which in turn controls the aromaticity. Whenever a ring current is observed, its direction is correctly predicted by Hückel’s rule.

Here, Zerio et al. use cryo-electron microscopy to show how the helicase domain of DNA polymerase θ aligns broken DNA strands by matching short sequences, a process linked to cancer. These findings may guide future therapies targeting error-prone DNA repair.

Broad uptake of smFRET has been hindered by high instrument costs and a lack of open-source hardware and acquisition software. Here, the authors present the smfBox, a cost-effective open-source platform capable of measuring precise FRET efficiencies between dyes on freely diffusing single molecules.

Epidemiological estimates from wastewater are not biased by testing rates but may be subject to other biases. Here, the authors investigate the impact of variable virus shedding profiles for different SARS-CoV-2 variants on estimates of their selection advantage.

External driving of Rabi oscillations is a first step in the coherent manipulation of spin systems. Here the authors use ultrafast optical pulses to produce classical Rabi oscillations in ferromagnetic CoFeB, enabling the exploration of coherent phenomena in dense ferromagnetic ensembles.

In this work, the authors present structural and functional evidence of lipid exchange within the gram-negative Mla pathway, broadening our understanding of lipid transport in bacteria and providing insight into the mechanism of a unique ABC transporter.

Mice generalize complex task structures by using neurons in the medial frontal cortex that encode progress to task goals and embed behavioural sequences.

DANNCE enables robust 3D tracking of animals’ limbs and other features in naturalistic environments by making use of a deep learning approach that incorporates geometric reasoning. DANNCE is demonstrated on behavioral sequences from rodents, marmosets, and chickadees.

Li et al. identify dynorphin as an endogenous ligand for orphan receptor GPR139 introducing it as a non-canonical member of the opioid receptor family that triggers excitatory signaling to balance the inhibitory effects of opioids.

Integrin α_Vβ₆ binds the transforming growth factor-β1 precursor (pro-TGF-β1) in an orientation that is biologically relevant for force-dependent release of TGF-β from its latent form.

A 1,024-channel microelectrode array is delivered to the brain cortex via a minimally invasive incision in the skull and dura, and allows recording, stimulation and neural decoding across large portions of the brain in porcine models and human neurosurgical patients.

Hagfish slime contains fibres that are produced in gland cells, but how these threads are assembled within the cell is unclear. Here, using electron microscopy and three-dimensional modelling, the authors show that during gland cell maturation the shape of the nucleus changes, permitting the coiling of the threads around it.

Choby et al. show that dynamic increases in the copy number of preexisting β-lactamase genes in heteroresistance enables resistance of continua of cellular subpopulations, flexibly overcoming enhanced β-lactams without new evolution and threatening the β-lactam pipeline.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

Filamin C is a key actin-binding protein involved in cardiomyopathies and musculoskeletal disorders. Here, Wang et al reveal that it interacts with the heat shock protein HSPB7 under biomechanical stress, forming a stable hetero-dimer which is regulated by phosphorylation.

Intradermal microneedles for the co-delivery of mRNA and near-infrared fluorescent microparticles are used in combination with deep learning-based image analysis for the simultaneous administration of therapeutics and registry of patient information records into the skin.

The active EGFR kinase domain dimerizes through an asymmetrical interface, and it is even more active when an asymmetric dimer is formed. Negative-stain EM analysis of EGFR now shows that the kinase domains of a dimer can exist in three different states depending on the presence of ligand, mutations and inhibitors, whereas the receptor ectodomain remains in just one conformation.

Guard cells define microscopic stomatal pores for CO₂ uptake and water loss. Characterization of the extracellular metabolome revealed sugars as ‘mesophyll messengers’ from the leaf interior that enhance stomatal opening via regulation of the guard-cell H⁺-ATPase and anion channels.

Using a long-lived quantum-dot spin qubit coupled to a GaAs-based photonic crystal cavity, researchers demonstrate complete quantum control of an electron spin qubit. By cleverly controlling the charge state of the InAs quantum dot using laser pulses, optical initialization, control and readout of an electron spin are achieved.