Microbial life can thrive in extreme environments such as terrestrial hot springs and deep sea hydrothermal vents, glaciers and permafrost, hypersaline habitats, acid mine drainage and the subsurface. In this Review, Shu and Huang explore the diversity, functions and evolution of bacteria and archaea inhabiting Earth’s major extreme environments.
- Wen-Sheng Shu
- Li-Nan Huang