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Mitochondrial cristae structure is essential for energy production and immune regulation, but therapeutic strategies targeting cristae remodeling are lacking. Here, the authors show that targeting triose phosphate isomerase 1 restores cristae architecture, rewires microglial metabolism, and protects against ischemic stroke.

After deep-space flight, rice seeds show increase in mutations and alteration in DNA and RNA modifications. Multi-omics and single-cell analyses suggest a transcription factor named SVT1 suppresses the differentiation of mutation-carrying cells via the MAPK pathway.

It is useful to be able to determine the changes a material has undergone, but this is challenging in synthetic systems. Here, the authors report the development of a hydrogel materials conditioned by swelling, allowing determination of exposure to heat and salt by nucleation changes.

Self-healing materials typically suffer from poor mechanical properties due to the inherent trade-off between mechanical robustness and self-healing capability. Here the authors report a composite featuring an aligned array of hydroxyapatite nanowires interwoven with dynamic borate bond networks by a bidirectional freeze-drying method.

In this work, the authors show that the uncharacterized protein YchJ acts as a ROS-sensing transcription factor in Salmonella; upon oxidation, YchJ dimerization represses rssB, stabilizing RpoS to activate antioxidant enzymes, protecting the pathogen from macrophage oxidative burst.

Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication, but early identification of women at risk remains difficult due to limited biomarkers. Here, the authors show that cell-free DNA fragmentomics from maternal blood can predict preeclampsia risk early in pregnancy.

Atherosclerotic carotid stenosis leads to stroke, but how perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) drives plaque instability is poorly understood. Here the authors show that PVAT harbours distinct ADSC subsets, with CD55⁺ADSCs promoting plaque angiogenesis via FGF2 and CXCL14⁺ADSCs enhancing inflammation, driving plaque destabilization.

This study achieves ultrafast all-electrical perpendicular magnetization switching with a pulse width of 16 ps and an energy consumption of 41 fJ/bit in a CoTb/Ti/CoFeB/MgO heterostructure, enabled by combining the in-plane and out-of-plane spin current.

Metal walking is a well-established strategy to enable remote alkene C–H functionalization, yet alkyne walking and remote alkyne hydrofunctionalization remain underdeveloped. Here, the authors report migratory hydroalkylation and hydroamination of alkynes, achieving stereocontrolled asymmetric activation of three consecutive C(sp3)–H bonds.

Turning lignin oils into nylon ingredients is hard because key bonds resist breaking and products overreact. A light-driven catalyst makes cyclohexanones without added hydrogen and enables tougher, clearer polyamides.

Liquid crystal elastomers are promising for actuators in soft robotics, but 3Dprinting methods often restrict responsive properties. Here the authors design by tuning the printing angle, affording a coiled fiber, for programmable actuation.

Here, they develop optimized mouse testicular organoids that recapitulate key testicular functions and generate functional haploid germ cells, enabling the generation of normal fertile F2 offspring. These organoids can be used to model male infertility and screen for drugs that may prevent germ cell loss after chemotherapy.

Pre-existing hypoglycemia weakens the host’s interferon-based immune defense by downregulating the antiviral protein TRIM5 in the lung, thereby increasing the susceptibility to influenza infection.

This study finds that the most dangerous tick-borne viruses infect many tick and animal species, boosting their chances of reaching humans. Bird migration helps spread them worldwide, and genetic adaptation may increase their ability to infect people.

The trigger for magnetic reconnection in the Venusian magnetotail remains unclear. Here, the authors show that interplanetary shocks can effectively compress draped magnetic fields, driving magnetic reconnection at unmagnetized planets.

The authors establish high-resolution spatiotemporal landscapes of AKI. They reveal that surviving epithelial cells are the primary drivers of kidney regeneration through proliferation, offering insights into the mechanism of kidney repair after AKI

This study reports transfer-free, in-situ-grown MoS₂ waveguides that enable broadband telecom band saturable absorption for all-optical nonlinear activation.

Reversible-deactivation radical polymerisations are highly sensitive to oxygen and inhibitors, hindering their industrial application. Here, the authors report a heterogeneous phenanthroline-based conjugated hypercrosslinked polymer photocatalyst for photoinduced copper-catalysed atom transfer radical polymerisations, achieving high oxygen and inhibitor tolerance.

Nonreciprocal magneto-transport is often attributed to Zeeman-driven mechanisms. Here, the authors identify Lorentz skew scattering nonreciprocal magneto-transport in BiTeBr which emerges from the cooperation of classical Lorentz force and quantum skew scattering.

Spindle neurons in the human cortex are morphologically distinct. Here, authors show that they also possess distinctive electrophysiological and transcriptomic features, establishing them as a functionally specialized cell type in the human brain.

Hypoxia-driven dysregulated lactate metabolism is a feature of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), but biological metabzymes and most biomimetic counterparts are ineffective under hypoxic conditions and often yield harmful metabolites. Here, the authors report a biogenic Fe-N-C artificial metabzyme for IDD metabolic therapy that reprograms lactate metabolism and corrects metabolic dysfunction.

Plasmonic nanoparticles show promise for photocatalysis, yet the dynamics of charge transfer remain poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate the light-driven growth of a CdS shell on Au nanocubes, correlating shell thickness with charge transfer efficiency at the single-particle level.

Neuraminidase activity of NEU1 regulates insulin resistance and glucose tolerance. Here the authors report that NEU1 also inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis in a non-enzymatic manner by binding SAM68, thereby activating GCN5 transcription.

Background motion profoundly impacts visual perception. Here, the authors show that an inhibitory brainstem pathway, recruited by global background motion, suppresses superior colliculus activity and visual perception mediated by this structure.

Sorbic acid is a widely used food preservative, yet its industrial production lacks a sustainable microbial route. Here the authors identify the biosynthetic pathway of sorbic acid and engineer yeast for its efficient production.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) screening in southern China uses EBV serology, but its positive predictive value is low. Here, the authors introduce a swab-based E-CpMQ method in high-risk individuals, achieving better specificity.

The efficacy and safety of albumin combined with endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke remain unclear. Here, the authors show in a randomized multicenter trial that albumin treatment reduces infarct volume growth compared with placebo without increasing safety risks.

The unclear pathogenesis of cancer-related lymphedema (CRL) impedes therapeutic development. The authors here identify T-cell mesenchymal transition (TcMT) in CRL, where T cells acquire a fibrotic phenotype, offering a potential therapeutic target.

Despite the global prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, its maternal–fetal interface during the first trimester remains underexplored. Here, the authors combined a cohort of 700+ samples and determine that maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in the first trimester rarely infects placental tissue but alters immune responses and cellular communication, which may influence pregnancy outcomes.

A ZnO/CuO catalyst featuring dual-site cooperative framework for polymerization-based wastewater treatment. Zn sites preferentially adsorb/activate organics, whereas Cu sites predominantly activate the oxidant, showcasing atomic-scale design to reactor-scale implementation.

This study reveals how plants balance growth with survival under low-oxygen conditions. The signaling module SnRK1–RAP2.4h–PIP2 fine-tunes this trade-off, offering a potential target to improve crop flood tolerance.

The prokaryotic Argonaute protein MbpAgo uses DNA guides to cleave RNA. Here, the authors present cryo-EM structures showing that RNA binding drives a monomer–dimer transition enabling this activity, providing a basis for engineering Ago proteins.

Maternal obesity is known to cause systemic lipid dysregulation, yet its effect on lipid reprogramming during the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) remains unknown. Here, they show that obesity disrupts very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) storage in oocytes, impairing peroxisomal protein import in 2-cell embryos.

Stabilizing high-valence ruthenium sites is key for efficient acidic water splitting but remains challenging. Here, the authors report an interstitial nitrogen doping strategy to stabilize these sites in ruthenium dioxide, achieving enhanced activity and long-term stability for hydrogen production.

Jumbo phages are bacterial viruses with large genomes, oversized icosahedral capsids and complex tail architectures. Here, the authors use cryo-EM to provide a detailed structural analysis of jumbo phage phiKZ.

Concentration polarization limits cycling stability of cells at high currents. Here, authors propose a mechanical-electrochemical conversion strategy by constructing a piezo electrolyte that actively utilizes the unavoidable volume fluctuation of lithium metal to minimize concentration polarization.

Previous studies of vortex Majorana zero modes (MZMs) in iron-based superconductors have predominantly considered the case where magnetic field is parallel to the Dirac axis. Here, the authors focus on vortices oriented perpendicular to the Dirac axis, finding that such vortices are more favorable for observing vortex MZMs.

Emerging evidence suggests that organs age at different rates. This study identifies a mechanism by which the naturally hypoxic intervertebral disc ages relatively slowly, via selective autophagy of HIF-1α, and designs a small molecule to export this mechanism across tissues.

Protein lipidation is a crucial biological process, yet the role of fatty acid fine structure remains largely unexplored. Here, the authors develop a new strategy to demonstrate that C = C bond position can reshape the topological structure and functional output of the entire S-acylation network.

This study uses cryo-electron microscopy and tomography to reveal the extracellular filaments of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 biofilms, identifying flagella and two distinct pili that help organize the biofilm matrix.

A programmable photonic quantum processor, Jiuzhang 4.0, incorporates 1,024 high-efficiency squeezed states into a hybrid spatial–temporal encoded 8,176-mode circuit.

This study reveals temperature-dependent accumulation of RNA-DNA hybrids that compromise genome stability and contribute to fertility conversion in tms5, the most widely deployed thermosensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) locus in rice.

Triticum urartu is the diploid progenitor of polyploid wheat A subgenome. Here, the authors report an improved genome assembly of T. urartu and uncover a lipoxygenase gene that shapes T. urartu gene pools and their contributions to polyploid wheat A subgenome by regulating growth-defense trade offs.

Restricting or permitting H3K27me3 spreading concentrates or dilutes canonical PRC1 (cPRC1), respectively, which affects three-dimensional chromatin interactions. Disruption of cPRC1 compromises repression of Polycomb target genes and induces differentiation and tumor regression in H3K27M-mutant glioma.

Hygroscopic gels can harvest atmospheric water but face efficiency challenges. Here, authors developed a heterogeneous gel with a pectin shell and graphene oxide core, enhancing water uptake and release. This design achieves high water yield and rapid desorption, outperforming existing systems.

A room-temperature ferroelectricity with out-of-plane polarization is disclosed in chemical vapor deposition synthesized two-dimensional α-MnS, which exhibits large tunneling electroresistance, high endurance, and long retention time.

This manuscript presents a dual-process autonomous driving framework that combines fast intuitive and slow reflective reasoning, integrates vision-language models for hazard perception, and introduces evaluation metrics for safety, comfort, and energy efficiency.

The authors show that more frequent atmospheric rivers (ARs) contribute to reduced snow depth in summer, but increased snow depth in other seasons on interannual timescales, with snowfall being the primary factor explaining snowpack changes related to ARs.

Treatment failure exists in Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) patients. Here this group reports a phase 2 randomized trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of adding nimotuzumab, to CCRT on 246 patients with untreated, non-keratinising, stage II–IVA LA-NPC.