Search

The authors demonstrate high-fidelity multi-tone electronic control of trapped-ion qudits up to d=8 levels, enabling efficient SU(d) operations and showcasing advantage by implementing Grover’s search algorithm using encoding in a single qudit, rather than in multiple qubits.

Many SLC transporters are still orphan transporters. Here, the authors developed a transcriptomic-metabolomic association analysis, which revealed the role of SLC45A4. They found that SLC45A4 is a peroxisomal transporter for putrescine, promoting GABA de novo synthesis in non-neuronal cells.

Intracellular, intercellular and extracellular silicon interfaces enable light-controlled non-genetic modulation of intracellular calcium dynamics, of cellular excitability, of neurotransmitter release from brain slices, and of brain activity in vivo.

The role of pathogenic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation in cancer remains to be studied. Here the authors show that high mtDNA mutation burden in lung cancer models leads to increased glycolysis but limited de novo serine synthesis, rendering sensitivity to dietary serine and glycine deprivation.

Cancer cells rely on NADPH to manage oxidative stress and support biosynthesis. Here, the authors show that glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) ablation suppresses KRAS-driven lung tumours with LKB1 deficiency, but not with P53 deficiency, by impairing NADPH production, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy.

The bactericidal action of some antibiotics is associated with increased ATP consumption, cellular respiration, and reactive oxygen species formation. Here, Li et al. show that constitutive hydrolysis of ATP and NADH (or ‘bioenergetic stress’) potentiates the evolution of antibiotic resistance and persistence in E. coli.

Aging is a risk factor of cancer, but how an aged immune system transforms the tumor microenvironment (TME) is unclear. By leveraging scRNA-seq analysis in a mouse model of metastatic melanoma, here the authors show that a γδ17-dependent increase in neutrophils inhibits the proliferation and stemness of CD8⁺ T cells, thereby promoting tumor metastasis.

Using exome sequencing data from one of the largest cohorts of children with cerebral palsy, the genetic diagnostic rates of single-nucleotide and copy number variants were assessed and a sizeable fraction found to be clinically actionable.

Overproduction of efflux pumps represents an important mechanism of Klebsiella pneumonia resistance to tigecycline. Here, the authors design TPGS- and S-thanatin functionalized nanorods loaded with tigecycline to increase drug accumulation inside bacteria and overcome bacterial resistance.

Controlling Li nucleation and growth is crucial to avoid dendrite formation. Here, Li₂S(111)@Cu is used as Li metal electrode substrate, where a substrate-dependent Li nucleation process and a facet-dependent growth mode are identified, enabling dense Li deposition and improved battery performance.

Stable-isotope tracing allows quantifying metabolic activity by measuring isotopically labeled metabolites, but its metabolome coverage has been limited. Here, the authors develop a global isotope tracing approach with metabolome-wide coverage and use it to characterize metabolic activities in aging Drosophila.

Pathway analysis, originally developed for gene expression data, has been adapted for metabolomics. However, owing to the unique characteristics and constraints of metabolites compared with genes, pathway analysis in metabolomics often yields misleading or nonsensical results.

The authors demonstrate broadband terahertz emission from a two-dimensional van der Waals ferroelectric semiconductor, NbOI₂, that originates from its efficient optical rectification and apply it to realize in situ near-field terahertz spectroscopy.

Cancer cachexia is a systemic syndrome characterized by dramatic weight loss and decline in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle mass. Here, the authors show that overexpression of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), a secreted cytokine, suppresses de novo lipogenesis and induces cachexia in mice.

How SARS-CoV-2 enters cells and causes COVID-19 is still under intensive investigation. Here, the authors identify unexpected crosstalk between human coronavirus and filovirus entry and discover pan-inhibitors for these highly pathogenic viruses.

Mechanosensitive channel PIEZO2, but not PIEZO1, can be inhibited by the protein TMEM120A (TACAN), but the mechanism was unclear. Here, the authors show that TMEM120A increases the levels of phosphatidic acid, which is shown to be a selective inhibitor of PIEZO2.

Bisphosphoglycerate mutase (BPGM) drives phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) phosphorylation, which is required for glycolytic flux. Loss of BPGM is partially compensated by 1,3-BPG directly phosphorylating PGAM1, sustaining glycolytic flux but diverting metabolites for serine synthesis.

Brush border gene regulation in various different tissues is incompletely understood. Here, the authors show HNF4 regulates the brush border gene program in multiple organs, such as intestine, kidney and yolk sac, and also intestinal chromatin looping in these tissues between promoters and enhancers.

Sarry and colleagues demonstrate that adaptive resistance to venetoclax + cytarabine therapy in acute myeloid leukemia relies on mitochondrial respiration and show that combination with electron transport chain complex inhibitors delays relapse in patient-derived xenograft models in vivo.

The routes and lengths of migrations of Eurasian Arctic peregrine falcons have probably been shaped by climate change across the Last Glacial Maximum–Holocene transition and by selection for long-term memory acting on ADCY8, respectively.

Callus browning heavily affects indica rice transformation regeneration. Here, the authors show transposon insertion in the promoter of BOC1 gene, encoding a SIMILAR TO RADICAL-INDUCED CELL DEATH ONE protein, can upregulate its expression and decrease callus browning in cultivated rice by releasing oxidative stress.

Although T cell commitment to specific lineages coincides with the rearrangement of T cell receptor loci, it remains unclear whether metabolism also influences this process. Here, authors show that de novo hexosamine biosynthesis promotes  αβ T cell lineage commitment and γδ-TCR diversity and can be modulated by dietary supplementation.

Whole-genome sequencing analysis of the Central Plains Han Chinese population provides important genetic evidence of the population history and dietary adaptations of the East Asian populations.

Transition-metal-catalyzed hydroarylation is pivotal for selective carbon–carbon bond formation, but achieving high product selectivity remains challenging. In this study, the authors report a nickel-catalyzed ß-arylation and benzylation of 2′-hydroxychalcone, enabled by the substrate’s intrinsic hydroxy group, to efficiently synthesize chalcone derivatives that can be transformed into potent anticoagulant agents.

Mice with whole-body or liver-specific deletion of Atg7 release circulating arginase I and have reduced levels of serum arginine, which impairs the growth of allografted arginine-auxotrophic tumours.

The authors developed AccuCor2 as the first resolution-dependent method for accurate isotope natural abundance correction of experimental data generated from dual-isotope tracers. They show that such correction requires a minimum resolution to resolve tracer isotopologues. AccuCor2 showed improved accuracy more than previously developed tools, which assume infinite resolution of the instrument.

Tandem mass spectrometry can reveal metabolite positional labeling and improve the performance of metabolic flux analysis as long as daughter ions are carefully inspected. When calculating the fluxes, the tandem mass isotopomer distributions as well as the mass isotopomer distributions of parent and daughter ions should all be used to constrain the fluxes in order to achieve the best performance.