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The authors develop a low carbon cement-based material which exhibits hierarchical structure with low density (0.75 g cm⁻³), high specific compressive strength (344 (kN m⁻²)/(kg m⁻³)) and fracture toughness (4865 kJ m⁻³).

Lampreys are jawless vertebrates that can offer unique insights into vertebrate evolution. Here they generate a comprehensive cell atlas of the lamprey, uncovering 70 distinct cell types across 14 tissues, and identify pancreas-like cells in the lamprey small intestine.

Porous polydimethylsiloxane elastomers produced by phase separation methods often suffer from limited tribological and mechanical properties. Here, the authors describe the synthesis of porous elastomers with borate driven heterogeneous networks, improving tribological properties, with controllable pore structure and mechanical performance.

Gao et al. present SMMILe, a multiple-instance learning-based tool that leverages whole-slide images for accurate spatial quantification without compromising on classification performance, and show it outperforms state-of-the-art methods.

Partial differential equations are typically solved on every element of a discretization basis before extracting the desired information, and each input requires one solution. In this study, a strategy is proposed to directly compute the quantities of interest, bypassing full-basis solutions and avoiding repetition over inputs.

Transcriptional regulators (TRs) play critical roles in both normal tissue development and disease progression. Here, the authors introduce a Bayesian hierarchical model capable of identifying key TRs from epigenomics-based query region sets with enhanced accuracy and interpretability.

This work introduces GLORI 2.0 and 3.0, enabling sensitive m⁶A quantification from RNA inputs as low as a few hundred cells.

A collagenase nanogel backpack enhances CAR-T cell therapy in pancreatic cancer by improving cell infiltration and overcoming physical barriers, enabling potent tumour regression and prolonged survival.

EphA2 protects the blood-brain barrier during Streptococcus suis meningitis by promoting autophagy. S. suis disrupts this protection by inducing EphA2 degradation through DCAF15-mediated ubiquitination.

Trained on a large corpus of medical text and patient records and tested across diseases, with specific focus on rare presentations, an open-source medical language model demonstrates higher accuracy than commercial counterparts across specialties and improves accuracy of clinicians in a reader study.

Using two synaptic proteins as examples, Chen et al. reveal that phase-separation-mediated formation of molecular condensates can change the biomolecular interaction specificities; the network complexity in the condensates can have a stronger impact than affinity on the subcellular localization of proteins.

Adoptive transfer of genetically or nanoparticle-engineered macrophages has been exploited for cancer therapy. Here the authors report that a subset of cancer cells with upregulated expression of CD133 and programmed death-ligand 1 is associated with resistance to nanoparticle-engineered macrophage-based therapy in melanoma models.

The ratio between the levels of two synaptic proteins in cerebrospinal fluid predicts future cognitive resilience versus decline among presymptomatic individuals and individuals with early Alzheimer’s disease harboring amyloid and tau pathology.

TyroID is a proximity labeling method that maps extracellular proteins with high spatiotemporal resolution through plant- and bacteria-derived tyrosinases. TyroID efficiently labels proteins in vivo to study of localization and interactions.

Though inorganic perovskites are an attractive, non-toxic and stable alternative to organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells, realizing efficient devices remains a challenge. Here, the authors report hydrogenated lead-free inorganic perovskite solar cells with enhanced power conversion efficiency.

The sensitivity of in vivo Raman imaging is improved with self-stacked small molecules.

The hypersensitivity of sulfide solid-state electrolytes to moisture are not compatible with today’s manufacturing infrastructure. Here, authors present a reversible surface modification strategy using 1-undecanethiol, that enables the processability of sulfide SSEs under humid ambient air.

Models relying on domain-specific knowledge suffer from inductive bias. Here, the authors introduce a framework combining electron configuration with stacked generalization, achieving high accuracy and efficiency in predicting compound stability.

Fas signalling induces apoptosis of activated T cells to maintain immune homeostasis. Here the authors show that Fas also induces PKC-β activation to promote NF-κB-mediated T_H9 cell differentiation, while p38 activation by PKC-β antagonizes this effect, thereby supporting a synergy between p38 inhibitor and Fas for T_H9 differentiation.

Feng, Luo and colleagues show that the combination of glucose and fructose, as found in sugar-sweetened beverages, promotes colorectal cancer metastasis through a mechanism involving sorbitol dehydrogenase (SORD).

Gene dosage-based expression upregulation suffers from instability and random gene integration. Here, the authors report HapAmp, a method that uses haploinsufficiency as evolutionary force to drive in vivo gene amplification, and demonstrate its applications in protein and biochemical production in yeast.

Brassinolide (BL) is one of the most active compounds among phytohormone brassinosteroids (BRs) and can be used for plant growth and development regulation. Here, the authors report the construction of an artificial pathway in baker’s yeast for scalable production of 24-epi-ergosterol, a precursor for BL semi-synthesis.

TGF-β can function to increase Treg cell function and reduce anti-tumour immunity. Here the authors show that UDCA is a potential mediator that can reduce TGF-β activity and promote anti-tumour immune responses in mice and can be additive to other checkpoint inhibitors.

The seawater oxidation reaction faces challenges from competitive chloride oxidation reaction. Herein, the authors have utilized chlorine adsorption to modulate the single-atom Ir coordination state and promote seawater oxidation and catalyst stability.

A new seahorse genome and the re-sequenced genomes of 21 other species shed new light on the evolutionary origin and global dispersal routes of seahorses, and show that bony spines—a key adaptation against predation—probably evolved multiple times via independent substitutions in the bmp3 gene.

Loss-of-function experiments are used in metabolic engineering to understand and optimise metabolism. Here, the authors apply auxin inducible protein degradation to test different metabolic engineering strategies for improved terpenoid production in yeast.

Polymer electrolytes based on poly(vinylidene fluoride) with residual solvents are appealing for room-temperature battery operations. Here, the authors present a phase regulation approach to achieve a dense electrolyte and enhance ionic conductivity through the incorporation of MoSe₂ sheets.

There is a balance between the fluorescence and photothermal properties of fluorescent molecules. Here, the authors report on an NIR-II fluorophore which binds with human serum albumin changing the equilibrium, increasing the photothermal efficiency, and demonstrate application of this for tumour ablation.

Based on a newly developed deep-learning model for predicting the binding affinities of protein–protein interactions, the effects of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants on binding to the ACE2 receptor and neutralizing antibodies were analyzed and used to predict immune escape and viral evolution.

The authors present ARPES and STM/STS measurements of the kagome superconductor CsV_3-xTa_xSb₅. For the x = 0.4 Ta-doped sample, they report evidence for a van Hove singularity perfectly aligned with the Fermi level, and that the superconducting transition temperature is maximized at this doping.

Solid-state polymers are promising electrolytes for CO₂ electrolysers, but when pure water is used as the feed, they typically cannot create a sufficiently alkaline environment to favour multicarbon products. Here the authors use bifunctional ionomers as polymer electrolytes that activate CO₂ at the catalyst–electrolyte interface, favouring ethylene synthesis, while running on pure water.

Achieving bright and efficient blue emission in metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes has proven to be challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate high EQE and spectrally stable blue light-emitting diodes based on mixed halide perovskites, with emission from 490 to 451 nm by using a vapour-assisted crystallization technique.

Split inteins are powerful tools for designing synthetic split proteins. Here the authors use a mini-Mu transposon screen to map split sites, enabling the development of protein-based logic gates and fine control of protein activity.