Search

Head motion is an artifact in structural and functional MRI signals, and some traits or groups are more strongly correlated with motion than others. Here the authors describe a method to attribute a motion impact score to specific trait-functional connectivity relationships.

Gillian Beer reveals the currents in Lewis Carroll's worlds.

The Authors demonstrate imaging of separation and formation of chemical bonds during an elimination reaction by means of intense femtosecond X-rays pulses.

Yücel et al. examine how skin and hair characteristics impact functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signal quality and provide recommendations for inclusive use of fNIRS.

Correlations in momentum space between hadrons created by ultrarelativistic proton–proton collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider provide insights into the strong interaction, particularly the short-range dynamics of hyperons—baryons that contain strange quarks.

The authors find cholinergic neurons regulate glymphatic waste clearance via neurovascular mechanisms, with their loss impairing this process. This finding suggests targets for diagnostics and treatment.

Ultrafast breaking of the molecular symmetry is a key process in photochemistry. Here the authors show direct observation during internal conversion of a heterocyclic molecule using Coulomb explosion imaging supported by simulations.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is crucial in cancer-related immunosuppression, yet its signaling function remains underexplored in immunotherapy development. Here, the authors use second harmonic generation analysis and molecular dynamics simulations to reveal that clinical IDO1 inhibitors differentially modulate its signaling, impacting distinct transcriptomes.

A detailed whole-body model of the fruit fly, developed using a physics-based simulation and deep reinforcement learning, accurately replicates real fly behaviour.

Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission’s impact on asteroid Dimorphos has led to various impact related features. Here, the authors show that those features result naturally from the dynamical interaction of the ejecta with the binary system and solar radiation pressure.

Chromosome ends must be protected from fusion by NHEJ despite Ku binding to telomeres. Here, the authors show that at telomeres yeast Rap1 inhibits Ku’s translocation on DNA, preventing NHEJ and protecting telomeres without displacing Ku.

Skilled reaching movements are critical for survival. Here, the authors show in mice that the parafascicular (Pf) and ventroanterior/ventrolaber (VAL) nuclei of the thalamus govern distinct circuits related to reaching direction and speed, respectively.

Hydroxylysine galactosylation is essential for collagen maturation. This work reveals the molecular structure of human GLT25D1, its catalytic residues, and a noncatalytic structural domain stabilized by metal ion and donor substrate binding.

Using metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis-driven hepatocellular carcinoma mouse models, an ATP citrate lyase inhibitor reduces tumour burden and enhances efficacy of current standards of care.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of DNA helicases in various conformations provide insight into an ATP-hydrolysis-dependent ‘entropy switch’ that drives unwinding of DNA for replication, with probable conservation across viral and eukaryotic systems.

Anthropogenic contaminants enter sea ice, with varied behavior depending on size (dissolved, colloidal, particulate) and particle density—providing insights into poorly understood incorporation mechanisms.

Combined data from three large studies, with a total sample size of around 50,000 individuals, indicate that many previous studies linking the brain to complex phenotypes have been statistically underpowered, producing inflated and irreproducible effects.

Miniature optomechanical disks could be used as ultrafast and ultrasensitive fluidic sensors due to the combination of their high-frequency vibrations, small mass and low dissipation in liquids.

Here, the authors examine how body size, shape, and segment proportions correspond to ecology in models of 410 tetrapods. They find variable allometric relationships, differential scaling in small and large animals, and body proportions as a potential niche occupation mechanism.

Here the authors develop a pipeline combining atomic force microscopy and deep learning to trace and quantify the structure of complex DNA molecules like replication intermediates and recombination products. Furthermore, they characterise surface deposition effects using simulations.

In a phase 2 trial of adults with neurofibromatosis type 1 and inoperable/growing plexiform neurofibromas, treatment with the MEK inhibitor selumetinib resulted in an objective response rate of 63.6% and improvement in other patient outcomes, with additional biopsy-based data providing further information on drug activity.

Models predict that giant planets should easily form around solar-type stars, but most radial velocity surveys found a rather low number of them. Here, the authors show that Jupiter-like planets may be more common than previously found, at least in low density environments.

Structural, pharmacological and computational studies reveal how different classes of positive allosteric modulators bind to distinct allosteric sites and use noncanonical mechanisms to activate the free-fatty acid receptor FFA2.

Active matter exhibits a range of collective behaviors offering insights into how complex patterns can emerge at different length scales. Here, Hsu et al. confine active filaments on the spherical surface of a lipid vesicle and observe the formation of off-equator polar vortices and jammed patterns.

Predictive models that relate brain activity to phenotype reliably fail when applied to subgroups of participants who do not fit stereotypical profiles, showing that the utility of a one-size-fits-all modelling approach is limited.

The neural circuits in the hindbrain that link satiety and aversion are shown to be separate, raising the possibility of developing obesity drugs without the common side effects of nausea and vomiting.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterised by synaptic surplus and atypical functional connectivity. Here, the authors show that synaptic pathology in Tsc2 haploinsufficient mice is associated with autism-like behavior and cortico-striatal hyperconnectivity, and that analogous functional hyperconnectivity signatures can be linked to mTOR-pathway dysfunction in subgroups of children with idiopathic ASD.

Sun et al. report human lifespan changes in the brain’s functional connectome in 33,250 individuals, which highlights critical growth milestones and distinct maturation patterns and offers a normative reference for development, aging and diseases.

Cells are recognized as having viscoelastic properties, but whether the cytoplasm resembles a viscoelastic liquid or an elastic gel is still debated. Here the authors use micron-sized wires rotating at variable speeds to show that the cytoplasm has properties of a viscoelastic liquid.

Data-assimilated three-dimensional dynamic rupture models of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence in California are used to reveal the dynamics, interactions and delays of the earthquake sequence.

Coelacanths are known for their conservative morphology. Here, the authors describe a 380 million year-old coelacanth fossil from the Gogo Formation (Western Australia) with morphology representative of a key transition where coelacanth morphology disparity shifts.

Green fluorescent proteins (GFPs) are ubiquitous for protein tagging and live cell imaging. Here, authors have used computational methods to engineer a fast-dissociating split GFP, which could be used to study macromolecular interactions.

This work applies high-resolution fMRI with real-time pupillometry in 5xFAD transgenic mice to verify pupillary biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In particular, the pupil-driven fMRI maps identify dysfunction of neuromodulatory pathways affected by AD degeneration.

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides high resolution, but is limited to small areas. Here, the authors introduce a massively parallel AFM approach with >1000 probes in a cantilever-free probe architecture, and present an optical method for detecting probe–sample contact with sub-10 nm vertical precision.

The interplay between amyloid and tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease is still not well understood. Here, the authors show that amyloid-related increased in soluble p-tau is related to subsequent accumulation of tau aggregates and cognitive decline in early stage of the disease.

The Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain (MIDB) Precision Brain Atlas is a resource of personalized brain network topographies (n = 9,900). It also provides a probabilistic atlas and integration zones across diverse magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) datasets and ages. The atlas increases the reliability of brain-wide association studies (BWAS) and improves targeting for neuromodulation.

The coupling of particles with physical waves is a generic phenomenon observed in various systems, but its differentiation from quantum effect is still unclear. Perrard et al.address this issue using a bouncing liquid drop confined in a magnetic potential well, where quantized motions are obtained.

A spinal cord neuroprosthesis targeting leg motor neurons in real time improves walking and reduces freezing of gait in non-human primate models and in one individual with advanced Parkinson’s disease.

Two ‘outrigger’ telescopes were added to CHIME, leading to the localization at detection of FRB 20210603A. The burst originated from deep within the star-forming disk of its host galaxy.

Monitoring of cerebral function in human neonates remains challenging. Here, the authors propose a bedside monitoring technique using functional ultrasound to identify markers of cerebral activity based on intrinsic functional connectivity for early brain function monitoring.

Achieving fast, sensitive and room temperature detection of terahertz waves remains a formidable scientific and technological challenge. Here, the authors propose a compact terahertz device combining concepts from metamaterial resonators, optomechanics and semiconductor nanotechnology.

Here it is shown that the handedness of mirror-image flowers in Cyanella alba is not genetically determined but linked to the spiral arrangement of leaves and asymmetric auxin activity. This reveals a non-genetic mechanism for floral asymmetry.

Controlling crystal growth alignment in wide bandgap low-dimensional perovskites has been a persistent challenge. Here, authors induce vertical crystal growth through the addition of chlorine to precursor solution, giving rise to a record power conversion efficiency of 9.4% for 2 eV bandgap devices.

Observations with the Hubble Space Telescope reveal a complex evolution of the ejecta produced by the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft impacting Dimorphos.

Autonomous sampling enables increased data collection in the ocean to understand circulation and water property changes. This study uses data from underwater gliders and profiling floats to show a shoreward lateral shift in Gulf Stream waters, which have warmed and become lighter since 2001.

Structural and functional analysis of mitochondria from the human parasite Toxoplasma gondii reveals that its ATP synthase assembles into cyclic hexamers, arranged together in a form of pentagonal pyramids required for maintenance of cristae morphology in Apicomplexa.

Retracted neurites and disorganized actin filaments are major components of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles—hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. Here the authors show that soluble ß-amyloid impairs action potential firing by disrupting actin and microtubule filaments through the inhibition of HDAC6 and activation of RhoA.