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Low-frequency quasiperiodic oscillations in X-ray data are thought to trace the accretion flow in X-ray binaries. Here, the detection of 200 keV oscillations probes the innermost regions of MAXI J1820+070, revealing the precession of a small-scale jet.

Up to six photons in a Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state are sequentially generated by using a Rydberg superatom—a mesoscopic atomic ensemble under the condition of strong Rydberg blockade. The efficiency scaling factor for adding one photon is 0.27.

Nanoparticle strengthening provides a crucial basis for developing high-performance materials, which often fails to work due to poor thermal stability. Here, the authors achieve thermally stable nanoparticles at 800~1000 °C in chemically complex alloys via controllable sluggish lattice diffusion.

Products from ultracold atom–dimer exothermic reactions can be directly observed by controlling the energy released during the process, bringing the study of chemical dynamics to the quantum level.

Crop production data from 131 nations covering six decades reveal that the stabilizing effects of crop diversity are stronger as national land area increases, with only limited stabilizing effects in the smallest nations.

The genome sequences of 175 Ebola virus from five districts in Sierra Leone, collected during September–November 2014, show that the rate of virus evolution seems to be similar to that observed during previous outbreaks and that the genetic diversity of the virus has increased substantially, with the emergence of several novel lineages.

Reusable and degradable thermoset polymers are prepared by dynamic covalent chemistry, but the dynamic bonds rarely provide additional functions to the materials. Here, the authors show a reversible aza-Michael addition reaction between functional heterocycle dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-thione and electron-deficient olefins providing polymer structures with different functions.

In a prespecified interim analysis of the phase 3 trial GEMSTONE-304, anti-PD-L1 with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone led to significantly prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival of patients with unresectable, locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Kagome superconductors host a panoply of condensed matter phenomena, some of which are mediated by band topology. Here, authors use ARPES and DFT to identify type-II and type-III Dirac nodal lines, flat bands and topological surface states in the kagome metal CsTi₃Bi₅.

Dark pulse microcombs have been realized in dissipation-engineered lithium niobate microresonators, unlocking broadband, high-power coherent light sources for communication and microwave applications in integrated lithium niobate photonic.

Conventional methods for nanoparticle cluster formation involve surface functionalization, which can alter the properties. Here, the authors propose a non-disruptive strategy to position nanomaterials of different shapes between nanosheets without the need for pre-modification.

Early-onset lung cancer in young adults remains poorly studied. Here, the authors analyse the clinicopathological, molecular, and immune features of early-onset non-small cell lung cancers in a cohort of 421 patients across ten medical centres in China, identifying potential therapeutic strategies for this subgroup.

Single-crystal monolayer hexagonal boron nitride is unexpectedly tough owing to its asymmetric lattice structure, which facilitates repeated crack deflection, crack branching and edge swapping, enhancing energy dissipation.

Installation of difluoroalkyl groups while also imparting stereochemical information is mostly only possible with organocatalytic methods that activate carbonyls. Here the authors show a method to perform an difluoroallylation of hydrazones, forming a masked amine stereocenter, via palladium- and N-heterocyclic-carbene catalysis.

Stable, dissipative optomechanical solitons are realized using optical fields in a whispering gallery mode resonator by balancing the optomechanical nonlinearities with a tailored modal dispersion.

Analysis of ancient DNA, stable isotope data and archaeological evidence from the Fujia archaeological site in eastern China suggests it was populated by a matrilineal Neolithic community between 2750 and 2500 bc.

Here, a draft sequence of the giant panda genome is assembled using next-generation sequencing technology alone. Genome analysis reveals a low divergence rate in comparison with dog and human genomes and insights into panda-specific traits; for example, the giant panda's bamboo diet may be more dependent on its gut microbiome than its own genetic composition.

Despite the potential utility of C-glycosides, synthetic routes for their synthesis are limited. Here, the authors used rational directed evolution of the glycosyltransferase MiCGT to generate MiCGT-QDP and MiCGT-ATD mutants which either enhance C-glycosylation or switch to O-glycosylation, respectively, and reveal the substrate binding mode that governs C-/O-glycosylation selectivity.

Patients undergoing treatment with PD-1 blockade can experience inflammatory arthritis as an adverse event. Here, the authors use single-cell RNA sequencing to identify IL1B^hi macrophages in PD-1-inhibitor-induced arthritis, but not rheumatoid arthritis.

By examining the relationship of various facets of genomic changes with phenotypic evolution, this study found that pulses of phenotypic innovation in gymnosperms are strongly associated with gene duplications and genomic conflict.

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

Severe acne is a common skin disease characterized by chronic inflammation and potential scarring. Here, the authors have identified genetic variants at two loci associated with severe acne and provide insight into the genetic architecture and biological pathways underlying the disease.

The synthesis of high value heterocycles from cheap starting materials remains challenging. Here, the authors develop a new strategy to realize practical and modular synthesis of N-H indoles and analogs from toluene and nitrile derivatives using naturally abundant copper salt as catalyst.

Spin–orbit torque is used to control the magnetic exchange bias in a Pt/Co/IrMn trilayer.

Interlayer twist angle between vertically stacked 2D material layers can trigger exciting fundamental physics. Here, the authors report precise control of interlayer twist angle of stacked centimeter scale multilayer MoS₂ homostructures that enables continuous change in their indirect bandgap, Moiré phonons and electrical properties.

Ring-opening reaction via selective cleavage of C–C bond is a powerful strategy to increase molecular complexity. Here the authors present the facile synthesis of chiral 1,5- and 1,6-dinitriles via the radical-mediated ring-opening and enantioselective cyanation of cycloketone oxime esters.

Jin, Du et al. develop a proteomic-based aging clock, called ProteAge, designed to estimate biological age and predict mortality risk using proteomics data from the UK Biobank. Findings reveal clear sex-specific differences in aging trajectories with women showing more complex, nonlinear patterns, whereas men tend to age in a more linear fashion.

The mechanisms underlying the invasiveness and aggressiveness of pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs) remain poorly understood. Here, the authors perform single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to characterise the tumour microenvironment of PitNETs and identify potential therapeutic targets.

A suite of bridged rhodamine dyes (BriDyes) offers excellent brightness, solubility, photostability, and tunable cell permeability along with resistance to photoblueing, making them exceptional all-purpose dyes for fluorescence biomaging.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a critical role in mediating intercellular communication, but the poor tissue retention of EVs has limited the efficacy of EV-based therapies. Here, the authors report an approach that adopts EVs as the building blocks of hydrogels, to fabricating injectable EV hydrogels with tunable mechanics and improving the therapeutic efficacy of EV-based therapies.

Integrating superamphiphobicity, flame retardancy, mechanochemical robustness, and environmental adaptability into a single coating remains challenging. Here, the authors present a scalable strategy that achieves these features, enabling previously unattainable protective clothing applications.

Genome sequencing and haplotype assembly of two cyprinid teleosts, a sexual tetraploid and an unisexual hexaploid, reveal insights into the evolutionary mechanisms underpinning the reproductive success of unisexual polyploid vertebrates.

Intracellular copper concentration has been linked to cell proliferation. Here, the authors demonstrate that copper binding to both Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and CCNB1 is essential for activating CDK1 and promoting the G2/M transition in the cell cycle.

The authors induce a phase boundary similar to Pb(Zr, Ti)O₃’s morphotropic phase boundary structure in (K, Na)NbO₃-based ceramics, which exhibit high residual polarization as well as a significantly improved piezoelectric constant d₃₃.

Fault-tolerant manipulation of quantum bits is demonstrated experimentally on an eight-photon cluster state using topological error correction.

Bone is innervated, and its turnover is affected by sympathetic nerve activity. Here, the authors show that prostaglandin E2, secreted by osteoblasts, activates the EP4 receptor on sensory nerves, inhibiting sympathetic nerve activity and modulating bone formation in mice.

Boson sampling with three, four and five photons with high efficiency, purity and indistinguishability is realized using a quantum dot–micropillar as the single-photon source. A record-breaking sampling rate of 4.96 kHz is achieved.

It is now shown that coupled optical microcavities bear all the hallmarks of parity–time symmetry; that is, the system’s dynamics are unchanged by both time-reversal and mirror transformations. The resonant nature of microcavities results in unusual effects not seen in previous photonic analogues of parity–time-symmetric systems: for example, light travelling in one direction is resonantly enhanced but there are no resonance peaks going the other way.

The feasibility of satellite-assisted quantum communication is demonstrated by a field test on the ground. To supress noise due to sunlight the wavelength of 1,550 nm is chosen, and spectrum and spatial filtering technology developed.

We fabricated silicon heterojunction back-contact solar cells using laser patterning, producing cells that exceeded 27% power-conversion efficiency.

A χ⁽²⁾ nonlinear micro-waveguide platform is demonstrated based on the birefringence phase matching for simple and efficient long-wavelength infrared generation, which could trigger new frontiers of MIR integrated nonlinear photonics.

This work demonstrates that epitaxial match at the oxide-support interfaces plays a critical role in determining whether supported metal nanoparticles oxidize from the interface or the free surface in oxygen, thereby enabling controlled oxidation.

Wildfires are becoming increasingly frequent in several regions around the world due to climate change, posing serious health risks, especially for respiratory diseases. This study examines the respiratory health risk and burden of wildfire-specific PM_2.5 pollution across eight countries and territories.

In a multicenter randomized phase 3 trial, stapokibart, a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets IL-4R alpha, significantly improved daily nasal and ocular symptom scores during the pollen phase in patients with moderate-to-severe seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs) contribute to root hair growth through mediating Ca²⁺ influx at root hair tips. Here calcium dependent protein kinase 1 is found to directly activate CNGCs via phosphorylation and promote root hair growth in Arabidopsis.