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A bivalent biparatopic nanobody penetrates the brain, binds to and potentiates the activity of homodimeric metabotropic glutamate receptor 2, correcting cognitive deficits in two preclinical mouse models with endophenotypes resulting from NMDA receptor hypofunction.

IL-27RA–IL-27 has a critical role in the immunity to EBV, and this defence is hijacked by Epstein–Barr virus to promote the expansion of infected transformed B cells

Nanosized chemical heterogeneities modulate andesitic magma viscosity at early stages of nano-crystallization, according to viscosity models that account for variations in transition metal content

This study by Ding et al reveals that the quorum-sensing dysfunction typically encountered in lung-adapted Staphylococcus aureus isolates could be selected by an enhanced ability to consume sialic acid released from airway mucins by the microbiota.

SOCS1 is a potent suppressor of JAK-STAT signalling responses to IFNγ and γ-chain cytokines and thereby limits inflammation. Here the authors identify and characterize heterozygous SOCS1 mutations in 10 patients from 5 unrelated families with autoimmune diseases.

Identifying effective combinations of control measures in different populations is important for SARS-CoV-2 control. Here, the authors show that in French Guiana, which has a relatively young population, curfews and localised lockdowns appeared to contribute to reducing transmission.

Noradrenergic and mesenchymal cell states have been proposed in neuroblastoma, but their contributions to the tumour are not clearly understood. Here, the authors used in vitro and in vivo models, as well as single-cell RNA-seq, to characterise noradrenergic and mesenchymal cells and their phenotypic plasticity in neuroblastoma.

Authors utilise a murine model of Escherichia coli infection to immunologically characterise the properties of their live attenuated vaccine candidate. They also demonstrate protection of newborn mice following maternal immunisation.

Sleeping sickness caused by African trypanosome parasites induces a chronic, and potentially lethal, infection in humans. Here, the authors uncover a conserved protein, Q586B2, playing an important regulatory role in Trypanosomatid infection establishment.

It has been demonstrated theoretically earlier that a dense phase made of repulsive active particles, in phase-separating regime, exhibit wetting-like behaviors: wall-meniscus or capillary rise in channels. Here authors experimentally investigate a non-phase separating assembly of active colloids under gravity and show that a wetting-like phenomenology persists against a vertical wall, and they evidence a counter-gravity wall climbing.

Lamin A/C protects alveolar macrophages against nuclear envelope rupture and DNA damage, but it erodes during aging. Lack of lamin A/C leads to senescence and an aging signature, resulting in vulnerability to influenza virus and lung cancer growth.

Efficient statistical emulation of melting land ice under various climate scenarios to 2100 indicates a contribution from melting land ice to sea level increase of at least 13 centimetres sea level equivalent.

Analysis of 100 consecutive personalized bacteriophage therapy cases supports the use of personalized and sometimes pre-adapted, bacteriophage preparations, often in combination with antibiotics.

Transparent YAG crystals are ubiquitous in phosphors, scintillators and lasers, but are complex and costly to make. Here, the authors use a one-step pressureless crystallization of bulk glass to make a transparent biphasic YAG nanoceramic that can be doped for optical applications.

HIV infection results in T cell dysfunction. Kaufmann and colleagues demonstrate that HIV infection results in an alterated differentation of HIV-specific CD4⁺ T cells that is only partially reversed by antiretroviral therapy and generation of dysfunctional T cells with a follicular helper-like phenotype.

Breast cancer is separated into multiple subtypes based on the expression of HER2 and hormone receptors. Here, the authors report the whole genome sequence of 64 HER2 positive tumours and show that these can be further separated into four groups with different gene expression profiles and genomic features.

Snow accumulation rates in Antarctica can now be reconstructed from nitrate isotopes in snow and ice. This independent technique offers scientists a new tool for studying how Antarctic climate changed in the past and how it may change in the future.

The canonical transcription factor ERG promotes degradation of a subset of mRNAs linked to mitotic progression by recruiting the CCR4–NOT deadenylation complex, thus revealing a new regulatory interplay between mRNA synthesis and degradation.

Atmospheric rivers provide the majority of water vapour transport to the high latitudes. This Review summarizes Antarctic atmospheric river dynamics and climatology and discusses their impacts on the mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet.

A systematic review of evidence, across the key pillars of prevention, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis, outlines milestones that need to be met to enable the broad clinical implementation of precision medicine in diabetes care.

A randomized trial in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 showed no benefit and potentially increased harm associated with the use of convalescent plasma, with subgroup analyses suggesting that the antibody profile in donor plasma is critical in determining clinical outcomes.

The African Monsoon drove rapid landscape transformations in the Rub’ al Khali Desert in Saudi Arabia during the peak of the Holocene Humid Period, consequence of high seasonal precipitation, according to stratigraphic, geomorphologic, palaeontologic, geochronological and geochemical data.

Mice knockdown for Angiopoietin-like 2 (Angptl2) exhibit spontaneous aortic valve stenosis associated with a decrease in Notch signalling and an imbalance in cell apoptosis, senescence and proliferation during embryonic valve remodelling stage.

Alexandra-Chloé Villani and colleagues have identified SNPs located on chromosome 1q44 downstream of the NLRP3 gene that are associated with increased risk of Crohn's disease.

Richard Watanabe and colleagues of the MAGIC consortium report meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies to glucose levels two hours after an oral glucose challenge. They identify variants in GIPR associated with glucose and insulin responses.

Jacobsen, Sherr et al. evaluate the utility of novel technologies in the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Their systematic review finds technologies such as continuous glucose monitoring, insulin pumps, and decision support tools improve important measures (e.g., HbA1c, time in range, quality of life) allowing precision-directed uptake of technology.