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In the context of parental or diet-induced obesity, preweaning ketosis contributes to improved health outcomes, particularly by regulating the histone acetylome and β-hydroxybutyrylome for transcriptional activation of beige fat biogenesis genes.

Temporal integration throughout the human auditory cortex is predominantly locked to absolute time and does not vary with the duration of speech structures such as phonemes or words.

Johannes Krause et al. synthesized seagrass carbon stock data from 2700+ soil cores to find that they vary by plant functional group and coastal setting, indicating where conservation efforts would most effectively avoid emissions from seagrass loss

Epitaxial BaTiO₃ ultra scaled nanoislands (30−60 nm) on Si exhibit an electrically switchable topological center down-convergent polar pattern. The peculiar island shape induces a lateral swirling component, which confers chirality to the polar domains.

These newcomers are making their mark in science across the disciplines.

The Bolwig’s organ of Drosophilalarvae consists of 12 photoreceptors and is assumed to have very limited image-resolving properties. Justice and colleagues report that these larvae can recognize the motion of other larvae and that this can be replicated using a computer screen displaying images of larvae.

Until now, it has been believed that Brønsted acid sites in amorphous silica-alumina are formed from only tetra-coordinated (Al^IV) sites. Here, the authors use ²⁷Al-{¹H} correlation NMR experiments to identify a new Al^V-based Brønsted acid site, with implications for increasing the acidity of solid acid catalysts.

Baretić and Missoury et al. identify vertebrate proteins FAM118B and FAM118A as sirtuins similar to bacterial antiphage enzymes and show that FAM118A/B processing of NAD involves head-to-tail filament formation and a partnership between the two paralogs.

Astrobiology’s insights from biological systems and extreme environments on Earth can directly advance sustainable technologies, from energy production to bioremediation. This perspective urges a deliberate translation of astrobiology to applied sciences to support both planetary stewardship and the search for life beyond Earth.

Bulk vanadium dioxide undergoes a metal–insulator transition near room temperature. It is now shown that by putting a thin layer of vanadium dioxide on a buffer, and varying the buffer’s thickness, the orbital occupancy in the metallic state and the transition temperature can be tuned.

Oat is an important food crop, but the genetic diversity within the gene pool remains unclear. Here, the authors report the analyses of worldwide diversity and population structure of hexaploid oat, and identify signatures of structural rearrangements within the germplasm collection.

Waves breaking on sandy beaches globally contribute a similar amount of dissolved silicon to oceans as that from rivers, according to a global analysis informed by experiments performed on a simulated quartz sand beach.

Polymethacrylate derivatives are widely used in industry but precise incorporation of degradable thioester bonds in polymethacrylates to achieve degradability remains challenging. Here the authors show that a thionolactone can be inserted into poly(methyl methacrylate) using an auxiliary third comonomer.

In this Perspective, the international PAINDIFF Network makes 13 recommendations for studying sex and gender as variables in preclinical, clinical and translational pain research that are applicable across the spectrum of biomedical and psychosocial research.

Antimicrobial resistance genes that have been mobilized between bacterial species represent a subset of the naturally occurring resistome. Here, the authors compare the abundance, diversity and geographical patterns of acquired resistance genes with latent resistance genes in global sewage metagenomes.

A global multi-taxon extinction risk assessment of freshwater fauna for The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species finds one-quarter of species to be at high risk of extinction.

Sangbum Park, Catherine Matte-Martone and colleagues track Langerhans cells, dendritic epidermal T cells and epithelial basal cells in living mice over time and show that immune cells coordinate with epidermal cells to maintain their positions.

Organoboranes are widely employed in organic synthesis and typically are prepared using electrophilic boron sources. Here the authors report a route to nucleophilic boryl anions via organomagnesium-driven cleavage of boron-boron bonds.

Elaborate traits like birdsong are thought to be sexually selected in males but are poorly understood in females. This study shows that year-round territoriality and biparental care are selected for female birdsong, whereas migration, seasonal territoriality, and loss of male care led to losses of female song.

Far-field mid-infrared spectroscopy reveals both the electroluminescence of hyperbolic phonon polaritons of hexagonal boron nitride excited by strongly biased graphene, and the associated radiative energy transfer through the material.

Linkages between neighbouring ecosystems are rarely considered when seeking to predict ecological responses to climate change. However, the finding that the impact of climate change on seagrass beds is mediated by the response of neighbouring coral reef habitats highlights the need for a broader-scale view of climate change impacts on ecosystems.

An expert-elicitation process identifies current methodological barriers for monitoring terrestrial biodiversity, and how technological and procedural development of robotic and autonomous systems may contribute to overcoming these challenges.

Coupling live-cell imaging, machine learning and genomic sequencing, the MAGIC platform enables investigation of the cellular context, mutation rates and triggers of spontaneous chromosomal abnormality formation, shedding light on fundamental determinants of chromosomal instability.

Gut epithelium generated electrical potentials drive differential localization of enterobacteria, promoting Salmonella tropism for the follicle-associated epithelium while Escherichia coli localize to villi.

A memory technology that combines the functions of memristors and ferroelectric capacitors in a single stack can be used for on-chip training and inference of artificial neural networks.

Helen Brabham is a team leader at 2Blades, where her work focuses on discovering sustainable approaches for eradicating plant diseases. Helen talks to Nature Plants about her experiences in academia and industry and how researchers can bridge the gap between these two worlds.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

Analysis of data from multiple instruments reveals a giant exoplanet in orbit around the 0.2-solar-mass star TOI-6894. The existence of this exoplanetary system challenges assumptions about planet formation and it is an excellent target for atmospheric characterization.

This study links the thermal evolution of magmatic systems over geologic timescales to multi-year patterns of volcano deformation, finding that uplift occurs in hot systems and uplift-subsidence cycles in colder ones.

Dual cyclin A/B RxL inhibitors selectively kill small cell lung cancer cells and other cancer cells with high E2F activity.

Pathology-oriented multiplexing (PathoPlex) represents a framework for widespread access to multiplexed imaging and computational image analysis of clinical specimens at a relatively high throughput and subcellular resolution.

Wearable sensors typically require innovative methods of energy harvesting for low-power electronics. Here, the authors present an adaptive power management system with a trimodal energy harvesting approach.

The arcuate fascicle connection with the middle temporal gyrus has been considered unique to humans. Using high-resolution diffusion MRI, the authors systematically show this connection in chimpanzees, suggesting a gradual evolution of the language network.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

Perineural invasion and cancer-induced nerve injury of tumour-associated nerves are associated with poor response to anti-PD-1 therapy, which can be reversed by combining anti-PD-1 therapy with anti-inflammatory interventions.

Eos is a newly discovered molecular cloud sitting just 94 pc from the Sun. It was detected through the far-UV emission of its molecular hydrogen, having been missed in conventional molecular gas surveys due to a low abundance of common gas tracers.

Vigabatrin is an efficacious new-generation antiepileptic drug, but visual field loss (VFL) has strongly limited its use. A systematic review has established that vigabatrin increases the risk of VFL fourfold, with age and exposure as predicting factors. For infantile spasms, the benefits of vigabatrin seem to outweigh the VFL risk.

Nuclear calcium oscillations initiate plant–arbuscular mycorrhiza and nitrogen-fixing bacteria symbioses for nutrient acquisition, with a newly discovered autoactive CNGC15 mutant enhancing these partnerships, potentially improving crop nutrition and reducing inorganic fertilizer dependence.