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Realizing >5 V batteries is hindered by the instability of electrolytes. Here, a fluoride shielding layer, LiCl-4Li₂TiF₆, enables high-voltage, high-capacity all-solid-state batteries because of its combined oxidative stability and Li⁺ conductivity.

Osteoporosis was revealed to pyroptosis-related inflammation. Here, the authors show multifunctional microsphere can retard osteoporosis by restoring bone homeostasis thorough pyroptosis blockade and hydrogen-mediated modulation of inflammation.

An inherently explainable AI trained on 1,015 expert-annotated prostate tissue images achieved strong Gleason pattern segmentation while providing interpretable outputs and addressing interobserver variability in pathology.

Diatomic catalysts show promise for the oxygen reduction reaction, but their complex kinetics hinder rational design. Here, the authors synthesize strongly bonded Fe-Co diatomic catalysts where Co acts as the main active site and Fe aids *OH adsorption, revealing a synergistic effect.

Vaccination efficiency in HIV infection is hampered by the low immunogenicity of HIV-1 Env glycoprotein (Env). Here authors optimise the neutralising antibody response to Env by stabilizing the Env trimers in the context of expressing them in a Newcastle Disease Virus-like particle and providing conditions that mimics replicating virus infection.

Direct CO₂ conversion into high-value organic products faces significant selectivity challenges. This work presents a FeCo carbide-based tandem catalyst enabling high-efficiency, stable production of C2+ alcohols.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

Here the authors report new human fossils from Tam Pà Ling cave, Laos, consisting of a cranial and a tibial fragment, dated to 68–86 thousand years ago. This find confirms that Homo sapiens were present in Southeast Asia by this time and the shape of the fossils indicates they may have descended from non-local populations.

There has been recent interest in understanding why the biodiversity-productivity relationship varies among studies and across scales. Here Fei et al. show that climatic variation drives forest biodiversity-productivity relationships at large spatial scales, whilst biotic and abiotic factors are important in given climate units.

Recycling China’s end-of-life trucks promises 44 billion United States dollars and reduces carbon emissions by 58 million metric tons by 2050, according to a multi-factor future projection modeling approach

The properties of many high-temperature superconductors are governed by holes rather than electrons. Gauquelin et al. use atomic resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy to study the effect of oxygen doping on the valence of Cu ions and local electronic structure around the oxygen atoms in YBa₂Cu₃O_6+δ.

Tumours that grow on organ surfaces are difficult to eradicate as the complex topology of underlying tissues might hamper accessibility to tumour foci even after surgery. In this paper the authors engineer a peptide-based hydrogel that can be applied on surface tumours before or after resection, conform to the tissue underneath and release therapeutics.

Peptide-based materials offer advantages for constructing supramolecular chiral systems due to their bioactivity and intrinsic chirality but precise control over the expression, transfer, and amplification of chirality is a significant challenge. Here, the authors demonstrate that achiral anions regulate hydrogen bonding interactions in dipeptide assembly, leading to the formation of chiral microrolls composed of 2D nanosheets.

The core circadian transcription factor BMAL1 regulates circadian-dependent myocardial injury.

In this Perspective, members of the Aging Biomarker Consortium outline the X-Age Project, an Aging Biomarker Consortium plan for building standardized aging clocks in China. The authors discuss the project roadmap and its aims of decoding aging heterogeneity, detecting accelerated aging early and evaluating geroprotective interventions.

Achieving CO oxidation at room temperature is significant for gas purification but remains challenging to perform. Here, the authors report design of graphene-isolated Pt from cobalt-nickel nanoparticles for efficiently catalytic CO oxidation in an oxygen-rich atmosphere.

Ruthenium-based catalysts for the acidic oxygen evolution reaction under high current exhibit poor stability. Here, authors develop a doped ruthenium oxide nanocrystal, which improves water splitting performance by stabilizing lattice oxygen and limiting the ruthenium site valence oscillation.

With the generation of large pan-cancer whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing projects, a question remains about how comparable these datasets are. Here, using The Cancer Genome Atlas samples analysed as part of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project, the authors explore the concordance of mutations called by whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing techniques.

Recent studies have reported the growth of 2D non-centrosymmetric single crystals on substrates with surface steps, but the mechanisms are still unclear. Here, the authors demonstrate a method to grow unidirectionally aligned transition metal dichalcogenide grains on various types of substrates, showing the importance of the simultaneous formation of grain nuclei and substrate steps.

If and how non-bonding ligands mediate the electronic states of metal sites is interesting yet remains to be explored. Here the authors show that a non-covalent phenanthroline can promote the population of Co⁴⁺ and induce polaron-like Co sites for improved water oxidation.

Acid-assisted short-chain thio-tributylphosphine ligand passivation improves the surface stability of colloidal CsPbBr₃ nanoplatelets, enabling deep-blue PeLEDs with CIE coordinates (0.136, 0.046) that meet the Rec.2020 standard.

Achieving stable and selective chlorine production is of high interest yet challenging. Here the authors report an amorphous CoOxCly catalyst prepared by in situ electrodeposition in acidic saline electrolyte which shows ~100% chlorine evolution selectivity with low overpotential and high stability over 500 h.

A study reports cryogenic electron microscopy structures of the respiratory syncytial virus polymerase bound to its genomic and antigenomic viral RNA promoters.

Septins are the key component of the cytoskeleton. Here, the authors show that Septin5 is assembled in microtubule-plasma membrane contact sites and mediates insulin secretion in pancreatic islet β-cells through cortical microtubule remodeling.

Bilayer graphene (BLG) is promising for optoelectronic applications due to its tunable bandgap, but its large-area growth on Cu substrates is still challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate the fast synthesis of high-coverage meter-scale BLG on commercial Cu foils by introducing CO₂ during the growth.

The inactivation of natural enzymes by radiation hinders their utility for radiotherapy. Here the authors report a single-atom copper nanozyme that can be utilized for enhanced radio-enzymatic therapy to resolve the crucial issues for the applications of natural enzymes.

Addition of a multifunctional ionic additive in mixed two-dimensional–three-dimensional bromide/chloride perovskites enables efficient blue perovskite LEDs with external quantum efficiency of up to 21.4% and half-lifetime of 129 min at an initial luminance of 100 cd m^–2.

The transmembrane P-glycoprotein (P-gp) pumps are known to promote drug resistance by enhancing drug efflux. Here, the authors deliver P-gp inhibitor and a chemotherapeutic agent using tumor blood vessel-targeting nanoparticle, to overcome drug resistance.

The effect of the lattice degrees of freedom on the metal-insulator transition of VO₂ remains a topic of debate. Here the authors show that the lattice compatibility of the high temperature tetragonal phase and the low-temperature monoclinic phase strongly influences the electronic transition, as manifested in the tunability of its hysteresis via chemical substitution.

DNA methyltransferase 3A, a mutated gene associated with hematologic malignancies in age-related clonal haematopoiesis lacks targeted therapies. Here, the authors screen carbon nanomaterials and find graphdiyne oxide binds to mutant cells and disrupts cellular processes with a therapeutic effect in vitro and in vivo.

To solve the difficult problems with CVD of graphene on non-metallic substrates, researchers used dichloromethane as a C precursor with a multispecies coadsorption mechanism for more efficient graphene coating on fiber fabrics.

Bound states in continuum have attracted attention in various platforms, and recently condensation of bound states in continuum polariton modes was demonstrated at low temperatures. Here the authors report the observation of such a state in a periodic air-hole perovskite-based photonic crystal at room temperature.

A prophylactic cancer vaccine consisting of commercial adjuvants wrapped by membranes from pluripotent stem cells inhibited tumour progression in mice, owing to shared antigens between tumour membranes and the pluripotent stem cell membranes.

A rapid, inexpensive and ultrasensitive assay that uses antibody-conjugated nanoparticle probes on the surface of a sensor chip quantifies tumour-derived extracellular vesicles to detect pancreatic cancer from 1 μl of blood plasma.

Electric polarization is well defined for insulators but not for metals. Electric-like polarization is now realized via inhomogeneous lattice strain in metallic SrRuO₃, generating a pseudo-electric field. This field affects the material’s electronic bands.

Continuous-flow biocatalysis with immobilized enzymes is a sustainable route for chemical synthesis, but inadequate biocatalytic efficiency caused by non-productive enzyme immobilization or enzyme-carrier mismatches presents a challenge for its application. Here, the authors report an approach for the fabrication of a high-performance enzymatic continuous-flow reactor via integrating scalable isoporous block copolymer membranes as carriers with an oriented one-step enzyme immobilization via a genetically fused material binding peptide.

There is a need to understand how nanomaterials interact with biological systems. Here, the authors report the surface chemistry of graphene oxide nanosheets (GOs) influences the structure of low-density lipoprotein and changes lipid metabolism pathways including LDL recognition, uptake, hydrolysis, efflux, and lipid droplet formation.

The genomic epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii, which is rising in virulence and multidrug resistance, was explored. This study examined bloodstream infection isolates from Chinese patients in 2011–2021, revealing increased genetic diversity and dominance of highly virulent ST208.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

The controlled manipulation of the topological phases of electronic materials is a central goal of modern condensed matter research. Here, the authors demonstrate controllable switching between two distinct topological phases in a layered ferromagnet via thermal cycling.

The flagship paper of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium describes the generation of the integrative analyses of 2,658 cancer whole genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types, the structures for international data sharing and standardized analyses, and the main scientific findings from across the consortium studies.

Whole-genome sequencing data for 2,778 cancer samples from 2,658 unique donors across 38 cancer types is used to reconstruct the evolutionary history of cancer, revealing that driver mutations can precede diagnosis by several years to decades.

Developing highly active and stable oxygen evolution electrocatalysts is crucial for enabling large-scale hydrogen production from seawater. Here, authors report a robust O₂-producing electrode for alkaline seawater, highlighting the critical role of distributed sites near the catalytic sites.

An additive manufacturing strategy is used to produce dual-phase nanolamellar high-entropy alloys that show a combination of enhanced high yield strength and high tensile ductility.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.

Here the authors isolate monoclonal antibody HmAb64 from a healthy volunteer who received an experimental polyvalent DNA prime-protein boost HIV vaccine, and show that it’s specific for the CD4 binding site and neutralizes cross-subtype HIV isolates including several tier-2 viruses.

Viral pathogen load in cancer genomes is estimated through analysis of sequencing data from 2,656 tumors across 35 cancer types using multiple pathogen-detection pipelines, identifying viruses in 382 genomic and 68 transcriptome datasets.

A pan-cancer genomic analysis reports the effects of structural variations on chromatin domains (TADs). Most TAD disruptions do not result in appreciable changes in expression of nearby genes.