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Radiosensitising agents can enhance radiotherapy and improve outcomes. Here, the authors report on the design of bioinspired Radiosensitising and biocatalytic nanoparticles to increase radiation tiggered cell death and immunogenic response to combat both primary and metastatic tumours.

Heatwaves and ozone pollution pose compounded risks to urban health, but limited vertical insights have hindered understanding of their interaction. Using airship observations and model simulations, this study reveals that heatwaves worsen urban ozone pollution by vertically redistributing precursors, while emission reductions could mitigate heat–ozone extremes in a warming climate.

The ability to pursue a stronger recall response on secondary antigen encounter is a hallmark for T cell immunity. Here the authors show that the histone component, H2A.Z, may contribute to CD8 T cell recall readiness by depositing to specific locations and introducing a specific epigenetic landscape in CD8 memory T cells to facilitate more prompted activation of related genes.

Copolymerization of methacrylates and vinyl esters is extremely challenging because of their large difference in reactivity ratio. Here, the authors design a side-armed bisoxazoline catalyst which achieves strong binding ability to propagating radicals in photoinduced cobalt-mediated radical polymerization, enabling the facile synthesis of methacrylate-vinyl ester copolymers.

Previous studies have suggested that branched chain amino acids (BCAA) may contribute to the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD).Here the authors report that genetic disruption of BCAA catabolism in podocytes or exogenous BCAA supplementation can trigger DKD initiation via rewiring of glucose metabolism in mice.

Recent protein design methods rely on large neural networks, yet it is unclear which dependencies are critical for determining function. Here, authors show that learning the per residue mutation preferences, without considering interactions, enables design of functional and diverse protein variants.

This work presents MAPIT-seq, an antibody-guided RNA editing method that enables co-profiling of RBP-RNA interactions and gene expression at single-cell resolution and in tissue contexts.

The molecular characterisation of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) across diverse populations remains crucial. Here, the authors perform a proteomics and phosphoproteomics analysis of 272 Chinese STS patients across 12 subtypes, and obtain insights related to progression, metastasis, and immune signatures.

Using siRNA screening, Chen et al demonstrate that Rab27a and its effector SYTL4 mediate the transport of influenza viral membrane proteins to the plasma membrane, highlighting their role in virion assembly and identifying SYTL4 as a potential therapeutic target for antiviral drug development.

By resonant excitation of an InAs quantum dot embedded in a microcavity, a deterministic single-photon source is demonstrated. Single-photon purity of 0.9795(6), photon indistinguishability of 0.9856(13), and an overall end-to-end efficiency of 0.712(18) are simultaneously obtained.

Ding et al. study the collective motion of densely packed vortices in rotating thermal convection. They uncover the counterintuitive effect of warmer and thus lighter vortices moving outward from the central axis of rotation, driven by long range, scale-free vortex correlations.

Biomass burning emissions have been shown to influence clouds in the Atlantic, but its influence in other regions is not well known. Here, the authors show that biomass burning aerosols increase the low-cloud cover over subtropical southeastern Asia by a similar magnitude than over the Atlantic.

Going from model development to a pilot implementation study, a deep learning model shows that acute aortic syndrome can be diagnosed directly from noncontrast CT, increasing accuracy and decreasing time to diagnosis.

Biased noise qubits, which can selectively suppress certain types of noise, are advantageous for quantum error correction of bosonic codes. Here the authors make an important step in this direction by demonstrating quantum control of a harmonic oscillator with a biased noise qubit.

Seeded growth methods are used to prepare highly ordered, crystalline semiconducting poly(di-n-hexylfluorene) platelet micelles, which exhibit long-range anisotropic exciton diffusion, particularly along the π–π-stacking direction.

On-target, off-tumour toxicity is a major concern in immunotherapy. Here, aided by computer docking analysis, the authors introduce a single oxygen atom into the TLR7/8 agonist R848, generating a radiotherapy-activatable prodrug agonist that in mice helps mitigate systemic toxicity while triggering effective anti-tumor immunity responses upon radiation.

Ctyoplasmic male sterility gene WA352 and its fertility restorer Rf4 are widely used for commercial three-line hybrid rice production. Here, the authors investigate the origin, evolution, and variation of Rf4, and show that copy number variation of Rf4 contributes of fertility restoration in a dosage-dependent manner.

Regulation of aggregation by light is a useful phenomenon, but the role of the solvent is not often considered. Here, the authors report the development of photoinduced hydrous organic aggregates, emissive in the presence of both water and photoirradiation.

A group of plant receptor-like kinases (LysM-RLKs) with high affinity for short-chain chitooligosaccharides and lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs), play a complementary role in arbuscular mycorrhiza establishment with a sister group of LysM-RLKs specifically recognising LCOs.

The realization of tandem solar cells with industrially textured silicon with pyramid sizes larger than 2 μm remains a significant challenge. Here, the authors create iceberg-like pyramids to facilitate complete coverage of perovskites on substrates, achieving certified device efficiency of 33.15%.

Systemic administration of TRL7/8 agonists enhances anti-tumor immunity by enhancing dendritic cell (DC) activation, but also causes systemic toxicity. Here, the authors show that, in tumor mouse models, a radiotherapy-activated, N-oxide imidazoquinoline prodrug promotes controlled, local activation of intratumoral DC-T cell dynamics, while promoting systemic anti-tumor responses.

This study by Ding et al reveals that the quorum-sensing dysfunction typically encountered in lung-adapted Staphylococcus aureus isolates could be selected by an enhanced ability to consume sialic acid released from airway mucins by the microbiota.

Some rhizosphere microbes protect plants from phytopathogens through unclear molecular mechanisms. Here, Zhang et al. show that a rhizosphere bacterium displays antimicrobial activity against phytopathogenic fungi by reducing the activity of the fungal NatA acetyltransferase complex, thus inducing protein degradation and apoptosis.

Through a matched case-control analysis this study reveals accident risk disparities between autonomous and human-driven vehicles. It suggests that accidents of vehicles equipped with Advanced Driving Systems generally have lower occurrence chance than human-driven ones in most scenarios.

A facile light-triggered doping strategy involving a series of inactive photoactivable dopants is described that facilitates tunable regionally controlled n-doping of organic semiconductors, resulting in stable patterning of the doping profile at record high resolutions.

Bone and blood lineage cells communicate each other to maintain skeletal homeostasis. Here authors show that osteolineage RIPK4 couples osteogenesis and myelopoiesis via MFN2 to regulate mitochondrial dynamics.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

Sensing of cytosolic RNA or DNA can lead to innate responses, but little information is available for RNA/DNA dual sensors. Here the authors find SAMD9 as a potential dual sensor linked to pro-inflammatory responses, interferon induction and resistance to viral infection, as evidenced by in vitro overexpression and in vivo knockout mouse data.

Incorporation of deuterium into small molecules in the place of hydrogens can alter the properties of the molecule in ways that provide benefits without affecting the core function of the molecule. Here, the authors report a ring-opening deuteration of cyclic alkanes via biphosphonium photocatalysis.

Super-resolution imaging based on autocorrelation with two-step deconvolution (SACD) enables recording super-resolution images with 128-nm spatial resolution over a field of view of 2.0 mm × 1.4 mm within a 10-min acquisition time.

Five experts share their thoughts on key areas of focus in multidisciplinary cancer research for the upcoming years. They discuss the research approaches, tools, technologies, collaborations and way of thinking the lab of the future should integrate.

The deficiency of the essential transcriptional repressor BCL11A promotes cell autophagy to enhance the resistance of the epidermis to UVB through targeting the lipid synthesis gene ACSS3, rather than autophagy-related genes.

Liquid crystal monomers are emerging contaminants; however, whether they can cross the placenta and affect placental development remains unexplored. Here, the authors show SLC16A10- mediated transplacental transportation of LCMs inhibits placental development and progesterone release.

Drosophila neural stem cells (NSCs) are quiescent at early larval stages but how this is regulated is unclear. Here, Ding et al. show that quiescence of NSCs is mediated by cell-contact inhibition via the Hippo pathway transmembrane proteins Crumbs and Echinoid, which in turn are regulated by nutrient levels.

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the esophagus with unclear immune cell involvement. Here the authors generate a single cell transcriptomic dataset with 400k cells from the esophageal mucosa of active EoE patients, remission EoE patients, and healthy individuals to characterise esophageal cellular composition, phenotype and interaction in this disease.

Assessing functional impact of mutations in cancer on gene expression can improve our understanding of cancer biology and may identify potential therapeutic targets. Here, Ding et al. describe a novel statistical model named xseq for a systematic survey of how mutations impact transcriptome landscapes across 12 different tumour types.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common cause of female infertility linked to metabolic and hormonal imbalances. Here, the authors show that androgen driven SLC1A5 upregulation increases glutamine uptake, leading to abnormal follicular development in PCOS via histone deacetylation.

The efficiency of a quantum computer depends on which basic operations it can implement. Now a scheme that can implement any two-qubit logic gate has been demonstrated on a superconducting architecture.

Allylic alcohols and ethers are key functional motifs widely found in various bioactive molecules, pharmaceuticals, and natural products. Here, the authors report the synthesis of (E)-allyl ethers from internal alkenes and alcohols or phenols via copper catalyzed selective allylic C–H oxidation.