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It is crucial, yet challenging, to develop effective polymeric membranes for removing organic micropollutants from water. Here the authors present a data-mechanism-fused machine learning approach to assist the development of such membranes.

Here the authors show how the DNA-sensing cGAS–STING pathway activates NF-κB and inflammatory gene expression with delayed kinetics via post-Golgi endolysosomal signaling.

Genetic mechanisms of blood pressure regulation remain poorly defined. Here, the authors perform a kidney multi-omics study to identify 399 kidney effector genes, 11 miRNAs and 97 proteins for blood pressure and hypertension.

Wang et al. designed sphingomyelin-derived vesicles that deliver paclitaxel to tumor site, improving its therapeutic efficacy and reducing associated toxicities, in mouse models of breast and pancreatic cancers.

A graph neural network framework enables individualized genetic risk prediction at the single-cell level.

Tools to simultaneously trace multiple neuronal projections and/or profile projection neurons for multi-modal investigations are lacking. Here authors introduce Projection-TAGs, a retrograde AAV platform to enable multiplexed spatial neuroanatomical studies, high-throughput multi-modal (transcriptional, and epigenetic) profiling of projection neurons using various commercial assays.

Together with a companion paper, the generation of a transcriptomic atlas for the mouse lemur and analyses of example cell types establish this animal as a molecularly tractable primate model organism.

Dalit, Tan and colleagues provide a multiomic profile of T follicular helper (T_FH) cells responses to diverse pathogens, revealing a blueprint for transcriptional flexibility and new tools to interrogate T_FH heterogeneity in mice and humans.

Biomarkers in biofluids are widely used for medical diagnosis, but their use is limited by accessibility. Here the authors present a stretchable wearable sensor allowing in situ detection of solid-state biomarkers on human skin, hence avoiding biofluid acquisition.

The active zone primes synaptic vesicles and clusters voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channels fast neurotransmitter release. Here the authors dissect the underlying molecular architecture and show that distinct protein machineries execute these functions.

Genome-wide association meta-analyses of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom measures and clinical diagnoses identify new risk loci, highlight putative effector genes and yield improved polygenic risk scores.

The original Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) is expanded with deeper characterization of over 1,000 cell lines, including genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data, and integration with drug-sensitivity and gene-dependency data.

This study explores the genomic and transcriptomic landscapes of triple-negative breast cancer in African American women. The authors show that the mutational profile is broadly similar to that observed in European and East Asian ancestry women while highlighting some interesting differences.

Iridoids are terpenoid metabolites found in thousands of plants. Using single-cell transcriptomics, the authors discovered an unexpected enzyme that has been neofunctionalized to catalyse the cyclization required to form the iridoid scaffold.

Zaman, Yang and Huang et al. demonstrate MDK’s suppressive effect on amyloid-β and its impact on amyloid burden and microglial activation in Alzheimer disease mice, highlighting its protective role in pathogenesis.

This study assessed COVID-19 social science preprints’ replicability using structured groups. Both beginners and more-experienced participants used a elicitation protocol to make better-than-chance predictions about the reliability of research claims under high uncertainty.

Using metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis-driven hepatocellular carcinoma mouse models, an ATP citrate lyase inhibitor reduces tumour burden and enhances efficacy of current standards of care.

GIANT, a genetically informed brain atlas, integrates genetic heritability with neuroanatomy. It shows strong neuroanatomical validity and surpasses traditional atlases in discovery power for brain imaging genomics.

EGF-induced recruitment of UPF1 adjacent to HNRNPC induces splicing surveillance of cell proliferation mRNAs.

Colorectal cancer metastasis involves dramatic plasticity and loss of PROX1-mediated repression of non-intestinal lineages.

DNA thermodynamics underlies many biological and biotechnological applications but is challenging to accurately predict. Here, the authors develop a high-throughput DNA melting method and improve computational models for predicting DNA folding energies from sequence data.

In the secondary endpoint analysis of the phase 3 SONIA trial, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis showed that a pretreatment aneuploidy-based high ctDNA level in patients with advanced breast cancer was associated with benefit from first-line treatment with CDK4/6 inhibitors.

An E. coli–thylakoid hybrid is produced in which the thylakoid can convert solar energy into energy molecules, such as ATP and NADPH. A dual-channel energy pathway, combining energy molecule supply and electron transfer, enables the E. coli–thylakoid hybrid to produce H₂ at a rate of \(15.1\,{\mathrm{mmol}}\,{\mathrm{h}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{g}}_{\mathrm{dcw}}^{-1}\).

The combination of isotopic tracers with root phenotyping reveals specific patterns in photosynthate allocation. These patterns are reflected in rhizodeposition and result in spatially distinct microbiomes within the plant root system.

The control of translation during mitosis has an important role in cancer cell biology. Here the authors report that in mitotically arrested cancer cells, redistribution of ribosomes towards upstream open reading frames results in enhanced presentation of immunogenic peptides on cancer cell surface.

A DNA matrix material potentiates humoral response through multiple administration routes, generating neutralizing antibodies and conferring robust protection against infection.

VeloCycle is a manifold-constrained generative framework to estimate RNA velocity during the cell cycle.

Plasma proteomic analysis of presymptomatic individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis identifies novel disease-associated proteins and enables the development of an accurate diagnostic biomarker panel.

Longitudinal neuroimaging of participants with planned arm amputations shows that the cortical body map remains stable after amputation, with no evidence of hand or face reorganization, thus challenging long-standing theories of brain remapping after limb loss.

Multicellular tissues behave akin to nematic liquid crystals, which are fluid as well as ordered. Here, the authors develop an image analysis method to capture the nematic ordering of tissues with the complex geometries typical of morphogenesis.

Single-cell isoform quantification using Nanopore long reads remains limited by sequencing errors. Here, authors present Longcell, a computational framework that corrects these errors and uncovers splicing variation across cell populations and spatial contexts.

Asymmetrical distribution of tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease is linked to asymmetrical amyloid-beta deposition, not reduced brain connectivity, suggesting regional vulnerability plays a key role in determining the distribution of tau pathology.

RNA-binding motifs in eukaryotic proteins are presented in a comprehensive resource.

Non-invasive optical imaging tools for early detection of anti-tumor immune responses are essential for precision cancer immunotherapy. Here, the authors report a rare-earth-based NIR-II fluorescence ratiometric nanoprobe (DCGA) for in vivo real-time, precise, and non-invasive visualization of granzyme B activity for early prediction of immunotherapy efficacy.

Improvement of preclinical models is critical for ensuring effective treatment discovery for colorectal cancer. Here, the authors develop a platform of 128 PDX models from metastatic colorectal cancer with matched tumouroid cultures, and use these to demonstrate molecular concordance between PDX-tumouroid pairs, cetuximab sensitivity heterogeneity, and adaptive upregulation of druggable targets under cetuximab pressure.

This study maps chromatin accessibility at single-cell resolution in rice and related grasses, revealing how regulatory DNA elements evolve across cell types and species and identifying potential silencers that control gene expression.

Neutrophils actively induce tumour necrosis, driving vascular occlusion, pleomorphic necrosis and metastasis.

Pathology-oriented multiplexing (PathoPlex) represents a framework for widespread access to multiplexed imaging and computational image analysis of clinical specimens at a relatively high throughput and subcellular resolution.

Characterization of seminal root number variation in the root systems of >9,000 global maize accessions and its wild relatives provides insights into root trait adaptation to environments during domestication and global expansion.

Chen et al. show that PEX39 cooperates with PEX7 in the peroxisomal import of proteins containing a PTS2 site and uncover an (R/K)PWE motif in PEX39 and PEX13 that binds to PEX7 and facilitates the import of PTS2-containing proteins.

Comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of loss of the Y chromosome (LOY) in benign and malignant cells establishes a new model linking LOY in circulating and tumour-infiltrating immune cells to LOY in malignant cells.

Microplastics research is often based on commercial model particles. Here, the authors show that nominally identical particles may differ significantly in their properties and thus in their interactions with cells.

Lightbody et al. present SWIFT-seq, a single-cell RNA sequencing approach to profile circulating tumor cells from patients with multiple myeloma and its precursor conditions and leverage it to derive clinical and biological insights into the disease.

Here the authors dissect the developmental and functional relationship between tumor-responsive cytotoxic T cells in the tumor versus the tumor-draining lymph nodes (tdLNs), finding that stem-like T_PEX cells dependent on MYB in the tdLNs are required for CD8⁺ T cell tumor infiltration and ICB responses.

McGavern and colleagues identified a CD8⁺ T cell population that expresses GZMK in ʽtau-richʼ brains, where it may play a protective role against neurodegeneration.

The enzyme ABHD18 is shown to have a key role in cardiolipin metabolism in mitochondria, offering a potential route for a small-molecule treatment of the rare genetic disease Barth syndrome.

In a prospective study including 2,300 pediatric and adult patients with liquid and solid tumors, RNA sequencing provided actionable molecular information in 87% of cases, with applications in diagnostics and therapy matching.

MILTON uses phenotype information in the UK Biobank to identify clinical biomarkers and other quantitative traits that characterize diseases. It then constructs augmented cohorts by predicting undiagnosed individuals, improving power to discover gene–disease relationships.