Search

Thermal lepton pairs are ideal probes for the temperature of quark-gluon plasma. Here, the STAR Collaboration uses thermal electron-positron pair production to measure quark-gluon plasma average temperature at different stages of the evolution.

Colonna and colleagues show that the clock genes encoding REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ maintain ILC3 functions in the gut by controlling the expression of RORγt.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

Glioblastoma—the deadliest form of brain cancer—alters the calvarial bone and its marrow components, pushing it toward producing more myeloid cells and contributing to an immunosuppressive environment.

The authors introduce the Neurolipid Atlas, a dynamic resource for the community to gain insight into lipid alterations in neurodegenerative disease, and they leverage the platform to show how cholesterol alterations in astrocytes can dysregulate neuroinflammatory pathways in Alzheimer disease.

A significant challenge in modern drug development is the comprehensive profiling of covalent inhibitors. Here, the authors develop COOKIE-Pro, an unbiased method for quantifying the binding kinetics of irreversible covalent inhibitors on a proteome-wide scale.

Spatial transcriptomic studies and lineage tracing reveal that, after brain injury, transient profibrotic fibroblasts develop from existing brain fibroblasts, infiltrate lesions, regulate the local immune response and lead to beneficial scar tissue formation.

Here, the authors demonstrate that the Hand2 transcription factor partitions into the cell nucleolus to activate pacemaker-specific gene programs by accessing specific binding sites residing within repressive nucleolar heterochromatin.

Proteins in the fungal plasma membrane are key antifungal targets but their native structure and spatial distribution are poorly understood. Here, Jiang et al. use proteomics and cryo-electron tomography to investigate the organisation of membrane proteins in the fungal plasma membrane and how this is affected by antifungal drugs.

How morphogen gradients induce complex gene expression programmes in the receiving cells is poorly understood. Here the authors use a quantitative approach to show that inC. elegansvulva induction cells control morphogen-induced gene expression by changing their sensitivity to the morphogen.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

A scalable strategy to assemble anisotropic GO and MXene membranes with pH-tuned edge functionalization enables programmable bending via thermo-responsive water release, with applications in soft robotics and adaptive bionic architecture

CELLFIE, a CRISPR platform for optimizing cell-based immunotherapies, identifies gene knockouts that enhance CAR T cell efficacy using in vitro and in vivo screens.

Using data from a single time point, passenger-approximated clonal expansion rate (PACER) estimates the fitness of common driver mutations that lead to clonal haematopoiesis and identifies TCL1A activation as a mediator of clonal expansion.

Phaeocystales are ecologically significant nanoplankton whose evolutionary history and functional diversity remain incompletely characterized. Here, the authors integrate genomic and transcriptomic data to reveal their lineage diversification, metabolic plasticity, and adaptation to polar and temperate regimes.

Fish retinal regeneration starts with the dedifferentiation of glia cells into progenitors. Following injury, the proneural transcription factor, Ascl1a, upregulates the pluripotency factor Lin-28, which in turn prevents let-7 microRNA-mediated inhibition of regeneration-associated genes.

A preclinical covalent compound, CMX410, contains a aryl fluorosulfate warhead that targets the acyltransferase domain of Mtb Pks13, an essential enzyme in cell-wall biosynthesis, making it a promising candidate for tuberculosis treatment regimens.

High IL1RL1 correlates with poor survival in acute myeloid leukemia. A stress-driven IL-33/IL1RL1 loop induces leukemogenesis and a tolerogenic immune environment. Targeting this axis with bispecific antibodies offers a promising treatment.

Polygenic risk scores can help identify individuals at higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Here, the authors characterise a multi-ancestry score across nearly 900,000 people, showing that its predictive value depends on demographic and clinical context and extends to related traits and complications.

Tissue-resident macrophages (TRM) are important mediators of local immunity. Here the authors show that the deficiency or inhibition of a kinase, WNK1, unlinks macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling and resulted macropinocytosis with the downstream, potentially IRF8-mediated genetic program to bias progenitor differentiation to neutrophil instead of TRM.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) differentiate into multiple lineages, with such capacity impacted by aging. Here the authors identify Kit^lo HSCs as a functionally distinct population that exhibits distinct lymphoid-primed chromatin landscapes, which drive enhanced lymphoid reconstitution capacity, and is altered in aged hosts.

Doppler-free laser spectroscopy is used to measure with high precision a rovibrational transition frequency of trapped and cooled \({{\rm{H}}}_{2}^{+}\) ions.

Expression of the transporter SID-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans neurons renders the cells sensitive to systemic RNAi and permits previously unidentified neuronal phenotypes to be uncovered. This expression also reduces RNAi in nonneuronal cell types, allowing examination of neuronal functions of lethal genes.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Cyclization provides a general strategy for improving peptide proteolytic stability, cell membrane permeability and target binding affinity. Here the authors develop a cyclopropenone-based proximity-driven chemical linker for the site-specific cyclization of phage-displayed peptides.

Primary angle-closure glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness. Here, the authors identify rare deleterious variants in UBOX5 as risk factors and implicate BIP ubiquitination as a potential disease mechanism.

Giotto Suite provides a comprehensive, flexible and scalable platform for technology-agnostic spatial omics analysis using R.

The molecular mechanisms underlying the transformation of Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) from chronic phase (CP) to blast crisis (BC) are not completely elucidated. Here, the authors show that acquired miR-142 deficiency drives CML BC by regulating mitochondrial metabolism and is a potential therapeutic target to prevent BC in CML murine models.

Metal–support interfaces play a crucial role in dictating the catalytic behavior of heterogeneous systems. Here, the authors reveal a unique looping metal–support interaction in NiFe–Fe₃O₄ catalysts, where spatially separated yet coupled redox cycles boost hydrogen oxidation, providing new insights for the design of efficient heterogeneous catalysts.

Missing modality challenges longitudinal omics studies. Here, the authors introduce LEOPARD, a pioneering neural network that uses style transfer to re-entangle omics data, enabling robust imputation and unlocking fresh insights into predictive healthcare and biological temporal dynamics.

Kodali, Proietti et al. report that increased numbers of P-bodies in leukaemia cells account for sequestration and prevention of tumour-suppressive mRNAs from being translated, which could be targeted as a potential intervention in myeloid leukaemia.

The LHCb experiment at CERN has observed significant asymmetries between the decay rates of the beauty baryon and its CP-conjugated antibaryon, thus demonstrating CP violation in baryon decays.

Together with an accompanying paper presenting a transcriptomic atlas of the mouse lemur, interrogation of the atlas provides a rich body of data to support the use of the organism as a model for primate biology and health.

The cell-intrinsic pathways controlling the function of innate lymphoid cells are poorly defined. Artis and colleagues demonstrate that ILC2s selectively express arginase 1 and that this is critical for their bioenergetics, proliferation and function.

The bacterial plant pathogen genus Xanthomonas uses two distinct secretion systems for antibacterial competition. Here the authors show that some Xanthomonas lineages have switched from the ancestral X-T4SS state to T6SS-i4 despite the functional similarity of the systems, with X-T4SS gene clusters subject to degradation and loss and T6SS-i4-encoding sequences inserted through independent gains.

IL-33 induces tertiary lymphoid structures.

A magnonic directional coupler with submicrometre dimensions could be used as a building block for integrated magnonic devices, such as half-adders, that have low energy consumption and small footprint.

Acquired miR-142 deficit in leukemic stem cells has been associated with chronic myeloid leukemia blast crisis. Here the authors show that acquired miR-142 deficit in T cells further enables leukemic stem cells to escape immune surveillance and supports disease growth.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis study of blood lipid levels in roughly 1.6 million individuals demonstrates the gain of power attained when diverse ancestries are included to improve fine-mapping and polygenic score generation, with gains in locus discovery related to sample size.

Directional, non-vesicular lipid transport is responsible for fast, species-selective lipid sorting into organelle membranes.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

In this Primer, Plikus and colleagues review the epidemiology, pathophysiology and diagnosis of androgenetic alopecia, an inherited hair loss condition that affects both men and women, and highlight the current and emerging treatment and management options.

Recently, nonlinear effects have been studied in systems with a nonlinear transmon qubit coupled to a linear low-impedance resonator. Here the authors realize a high-impedance resonator using a single Josephson junction, where strong nonlinear effects emerge already when the second photon enters the resonator.

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

Crumpled graphene oxide (GO) membranes achieve much higher H₂ permeability than flat lamellar GO membranes, and their H₂/CO₂ selectivity of 91 outperforms those of most existing membranes.

Velten et al. use single-cell transcriptomics and functional data to map the early lineage commitment of human haematopoietic stem cells as a continuous process of cells passing through transitory states rather than demarcating discrete progenitors.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Together with a companion paper, the generation of a transcriptomic atlas for the mouse lemur and analyses of example cell types establish this animal as a molecularly tractable primate model organism.