Search

A single umbilical cord blood unit of CD34⁺ HSPCs produces a high number of CD19 CAR-iNK cells using a modified cell culture method.

Autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) models to replace human decision-making in medical intervention need thorough testing. Here authors present the results of a clinical trial, NCT05600855, in which daGOAT, a conditional autonomous artificial intelligence agent successfully makes the decision whether to prescribe an immune suppressive drug to prevent severe acute graft-versus-host disease following HLA-mismatched haematopoietic cell transplantation.

Federated learning (FL) algorithms have emerged as a promising solution to train models for healthcare imaging across institutions while preserving privacy. Here, the authors describe the Federated Tumor Segmentation (FeTS) challenge for the decentralised benchmarking of FL algorithms and evaluation of Healthcare AI algorithm generalizability in real-world cancer imaging datasets.

Multiple sclerosis and some other neuroinflammatory diseases are associated with aberrant CD4⁺ T cell differentiation and regulatory T cell function. Here authors show that the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF213 is central to both physiological and pathologic CD4⁺ T cell differentiation, and finetunes IFN-β responses in multiple sclerosis.

Fluorescence bioimaging in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window facilitates in vivo diagnosis and treatment of diseases, but NIR-II fluorophores with large Stokes shifts are scarce. Here, the authors report an asymmetrical cyanine framework that exhibits NIR-II fluorescence and large Stokes shift (167–260 nm), enabling clear imaging of the fine bone structure of the mouse knee joint.

Here, the authors perform a pan-genome-based genome-wide meta-analysis of six independent GWAS experiments in rice, demonstrating the potential of this approach to increase understanding of the genetic basis of, and genes underlying key rice traits.

Lilies are perennial plants with ornamental flowers and large genomes. The authors assemble genomes of two Liliales species, analyze lily phylogeny, flower and stem development (bulbs in lilies, rhizomes in flame lilies), bulb growth transitions, and colchicine biosynthesis.

Here the authors investigated DHX36-induced RNA structurome changes by conducting Structure-seq and uncovered that DHX36 binding-induced 3’UTR structural accessibility enhances m6A dependent YTHDF1 binding to promote target mRNA degradation.

Many countries are relying on land-based strategies to meet the climate targets set out in the Paris Agreement, putting pressure on land resources. Here the authors show a global reduction in cropland area under current climate pledges, with implications for trade and food security.

Pan-genome analysis of 24 alfalfa accessions identifies key structural variations associated with salt tolerance and quality traits and provides resources for genomics-assisted breeding in alfalfa.

Accurate separation of radioactive ⁹⁰Sr from groundwater or seawater remains a challenge in environmental radioactivity remediation. Here, the authors mimic the complexation behavior of molecular crown-ether carboxylic acids to construct a supramolecular trap in an anionic crown ether-based metal-organic framework for precisely catching Sr²⁺.

Ribosome biogenesis and translation are essential processes for cellular activity. Here, the authors illustrated the role of AtPRMT3-RPS2B in maintaining ribosome assembly and coordinating growth-stress trade-off.

SsPEIE1 is an essential virulence factor of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. SsPEIE1 interacts with the key immune factor AtHIR4 and inhibits AtHIR4 oligomerization-mediated immune responses in Arabidopsis, thereby promoting S. sclerotiorum infection.

Adipic acid is an important building block of polymers, although its production relies on harmful reagents. Here, authors examined surfactant-modified nickel hydroxide for adipic acid electrosynthesis coupled with hydrogen gas evolution.

Tandem repeats (TRs) have unique ability to drive a range of phenotype variations. Here, the authors survey rice TR variations based on 231 genome assemblies and the rice pan-genome graph, identify TR variations associated with expressed genes, and reveal expression TRs contributed to rice agronomic trait variations.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are used for immunosuppressive therapy and a uniform source or heterogeneity characterisation is needed. Here the authors use multi-omics to compare human MSC from different sources and ages of donors and show differences in gene expression and immunosuppressive function.

Ye and colleagues show that an oncolytic virus that delivers tumor-irrelevant bystander T cell epitopes to tumor cells can exploit the abundant population of bystander T cells in the tumor for anti-tumor immunity and potentiate cancer immunotherapy.

China has pledged to achieve carbon neutrality in 2060. Here the authors find a promising option to abate 1.0 Gt CO₂-eq yr⁻¹ of carbon emissions at a marginal cost of $69 (t CO₂-eq)⁻¹ by retrofitting 222 GW of coal power plants to co-fire with biomass and upgrading to CCS operation across 2836 counties in China.

Yang and colleagues perform a network system–pharmacology approach and clinical data integration, and identify LCK and BCL2 signaling as the molecular determinants of dasatinib response in pediatric and adult patients with T-ALL.

Decoding the pathogenic genes of the inherited anemia could provide us with novel regulators of pathological and physiological erythropoiesis. Here, the authors show TLR8 is expressed by erythroid cells and regulates erythropoiesis through interacting with EPO signaling.

The adaptor protein zyxin is known for its mechanosensing function in the maintenance of actin network. Here the authors show that zyxin is key to blood homeostasis and thrombosis by controlling the endothelial release of von Willebrand factor and the formation of actin scaffolds on exocytic granules.

Climate change is expected to intensify the hydrological cycle, but how this translates into changes in river floods is not clear. Here, the authors show that changes in river flood discharge differ between flood types, with increases in rainfall-induced floods and decreases in snow-related floods.

Silicon (Si) has emerged as a promising next-generation anode material. Here the authors recycle photovoltaic waste for micro-sized Si that can pair with high-voltage cathode for high-performance Li-ion pouch cells.

The kagome superconductor CsV₃Sb₅ exhibits a charge density wave (CDW) as well as superconductivity (SC). Here, the authors find that the CDW transition temperature decreases with decreasing sample thickness to 72 K at 27 atomic layers, but then unexpectedly increases to 120 K at 5 layers, an opposite trend to SC.

Evolution of accretion disk and corona during outbursts in black hole binary systems is still unclear. Here, the authors show spectral analysis of MAXI J1820+070 and propose a scenario of a dynamical corona to explain the evolution of the reflection fraction observed by Insight-HXMT.

A new class of molecules can recruit downstream transcription factors or endogenous cancer drivers to cell death promoters and activate the expression of these genes.

Aging, chronic high-fat diet feeding, or housing at thermoneutrality induces brown adipose tissue (BAT) involution. Here, the authors demonstrate that physiologic aging induced involution and thermogenic dysfunction result from pyroptotic signalling activation.

Activated Notch signalling promotes cancer metastasis and stemness. Here the authors show that Notch1 activates transcription of DNA replication factor RCF4 and that RCF4 binds and stabilises Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD1) to promote cancer metastasis.

The genome of the tropical blue-petal water lily Nymphaea colorata and the transcriptomes from 19 other Nymphaeales species provide insights into the early evolution of angiosperms.

Host-guest solid state molecular motion is a critical but underexplored phenomenon which can be used to control molecular machines that function in the solid state. Here, the authors describe a solid state machine that shows solvent vapour- and mechanically-induced molecular motion that allows access to different crystalline and amorphous forms.

Loss of Nestin sensitizes non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) to oxidative stress. Here, the authors report a feedback loop between Nestin and Nrf2 wherein Nestin competes with Nrf2 for Keap1 binding, preventing Nrf2 degradation, and show the Nestin–Keap1–Nrf2 axis to regulate redox homeostasis in NSCLC.

Whole-genome sequencing coupled with whole-exome sequencing validation in Han Chinese patients reveals a diverse genetic basis for venous thromboembolism, and identifies GP6, TET2, and JAK2 as novel risk factors in East Asian populations.

To meet China’s goal of carbon neutrality by 2060, substantial investment in upgrading power systems needs to be made to optimize the deployment of new photovoltaic and wind power plants.

It is challenging to increase carrier mobility in n-type Mg₃(Bi,Sb)₂ due to grain-boundary scattering. Here, authors reported a facile growth of coarse-grained Mg₃(Bi,Sb)₂ crystals with high carrier mobility. The as-fabricated module shows cooling performance comparable to commercial Bi₂Te₃ module.

Electrocatalysts based on earth-abundant elements have emerged as promising candidates to replace noble metal materials. Here, the authors develop porous hybrid nanostructures combining amorphous Ni-Co complexes with 1T phase MoS₂for enhanced electrocatalytic activity for overall water splitting.

Zhang et al. perform single-cell RNA and B-cell receptor sequencing to characterize the transcriptomic profiles of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells at diagnosis, residual and relapse stages, uncovering the hypoxia pathway as a potential target for residual leukaemia cells.

Trade-off between permeability and nanometer-level selectivity is an inherent shortcoming of membrane-based separation of molecules. Here, the authors report a membrane adsorption material based on hydrophilic amidoxime modified polymer of intrinsic microporosity to selectively adsorb and separate small organic molecules from water with ultrahigh processing capacity