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cellSTAAR advances noncoding rare variant association analysis by integrating single-cell genomics data.

Adaptive microwave surfaces can dynamically adjust their electromagnetic transmission to meet specific needs, being potentially useful in reconfigurable communication systems. Here, the authors use temperature induced break and reconstruction of hydrogen bonds to drive the orientational motion and charge mobility of an ionic liquid in a polymer leading to the controllable modulation of dielectric properties at microwave frequencies.

MultiSTAAR provides a general and flexible statistical framework for functionally informed multi-trait rare variant analysis of biobank-scale sequencing studies by jointly analyzing multiple traits and incorporating annotation information.

A size-controlled composite powder feedstock design effectively enhanced the cryogenic strength and ductility of additively manufactured medium-entropy alloys through in-situ formation of hard and stiff reprecipitates.

STAARpipeline is a comprehensive framework for flexible and scalable rare-variant association analysis using whole-genome sequencing data and annotation information.

Cold stress hampers rice growth and yield. This paper demonstrates that mitochondrial superoxide plays a key role in cold responses, and identifies a pentatricopeptide repeat protein which modulates mitochondrial superoxide and rice cold tolerance.

STAAR is a powerful rare variant association test that incorporates variant functional categories and complementary functional annotations using a dynamic weighting scheme based on annotation principal components. STAAR accounts for population structure and relatedness and is scalable for analyzing large whole-genome sequencing studies.

MetaSTAAR enables functionally informed rare variant association analysis in biobank-scale cohorts using an efficient, sparse matrix approach for summary statistic storage.

This paper explores how voltage-gated potassium channels can plug the pore to prevent the conductance of ions during inactivation.

Dual-scale chemical ordering in CoNiV-based alloys improves the synergy of strength and ductility at cryogenic temperatures, providing an approach for obtaining high-performance metallic materials for cryogenic applications.

An ex vivo model and pre-clinical study in a brain-dead recipient provide enzyme-converted O organs to avoid hyperacute rejection in ABO-incompatible kidney transplant patients.

A multi-ancestry genome-wide gene–smoking interaction study identifies 13 new loci associated with serum lipids.

In a randomized phase 3 trial, neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 plus either paclitaxel and cisplatin or nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin elicited a significantly superior pathological complete response rate versus neoadjuvant paclitaxel and cisplatin alone in patients with resectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Some circulating avian influenza A viruses can infect humans, but the mechanism enabling species jump is poorly understood. Here, Huanget al. identify a nucleotide in NEP of avian H7N9 viruses that affects splicing efficiency of the NS segment and supports virus replication in avian and mammalian cells.

Interacting electrons in one dimension are predicted to have independent spin and charge excitations. Wakehamet al. show evidence of this behaviour in a bulk conductor by measuring a ratio of thermal to electrical conductivity orders of magnitude larger than in conventional three-dimensional metals.

A large-scale single-cell transcriptomic atlas of the non-human primate Macaca fascicularis encompasses over 1 million cells from 45 adult tissues.

Although progress in the coverage of routine measles vaccination in children in low- and middle-income countries was made during 2000–2019, many countries remain far from the goal of 80% coverage in all districts by 2019.

The unique properties of self-healing materials hold great potential in the field of biomedical engineering. Here, the authors designed a series of biodegradable and biocompatible self-healing elastomers with tunable mechanical properties, and apply them to various disease models in vivo, including aortic aneurism, bone fracture and nerve amputation.

The inefficient spin-flip process of multi-resonance emitters could compromise the device performance of light-emitting diodes. Here, the authors incorporate conformationally flexible donor to enhance the density of excited states, achieving 20-fold increase in reverse intersystem crossing rate.

The synthesis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) by a soft-template methodology is challenging. Here, the authors attach the soft templates to the COFs backbone via ion bonds, avoiding crystallization incompatibilities and allowing subsequent removal of the template by ion exchange for enhanced U(VI)/Th(IV) adsorption performance.

By measuring in energy, momentum and real space, the authors unveil diverse coordination environments and electronic structures on the reconstructed anatase TiO₂(001), giving insights into its structure-property relationship with atomic precision.

The paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH) exerts an indispensable role in body weight control. Here, authors demonstrate the role of PVH RUVBL2 in suppressing food intake and reveal two anorexigenic circuits of PVHRUVBL2 → ARCPOMC and PVHRUVBL2 → DMH.

CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing is presumed to knock out gene function by generating a frameshift during NHEJ repair. Here, the authors investigate mRNA and protein expression in edited lines and find genome editing can generate internal ribosome entry sites or alternatively spliced variants.

The Sorting and Assembly Machinery (SAM) complex folds beta-barrel proteins and inserts them into the mitochondrial outer membrane. Here authors report cryoEM structures of the SAM complex from Myceliophthora thermophila, which reveals a GST-like fold for Sam35 and Sam37 and sheds light on how the Sam50 beta-barrel opens a lateral gate to accommodate its substrates.

Age-related cataracts are characterized by clouding of the eye’s lens and cause vision impairment or loss. Here the authors develop a retinal photograph-based deep-leaning method to detect visually significant cataracts and report that it detects cataracts with similar accuracy to ophthalmologists.

Modulating single-metal sites at the atomic level can boost the intrinsic catalytic activity. Here, the authors describe the design of Pt atomic clusters containing Pt-O-Pt units supported on Co single atoms and N co-doped carbon for enhanced hydrogen evolution catalysis.

A systematic secondary metabolism transcription factor over-expression approach to evaluate the pharmaceutical potentials of fungi.

A direct search for effective electromagnetic interactions between dark matter and xenon nuclei that produce a recoil of the latter is carried out and the first constraint on charge radius of dark matter is derived.

The Somatic Mosaicism across Human Tissues Network aims to create a reference catalogue of somatic mosaicism across different tissues and cells within individuals.

The One Thousand Plant Transcriptomes Initiative provides a robust phylogenomic framework for examining green plant evolution that comprises the transcriptomes and genomes of diverse species of green plants.