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Nonlinear optical micropolarimetry and atomistic Monte Carlo simulations of monolayer NiPS₃ evidence a Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless phase that, with decreasing temperature, gives way to long-range order consistent with a six-state clock model.

Ferromagnetism is observed at ferroelastic domain walls in strontium titanate and its heterostructures with other oxides. Applying strain can reverse the magnetism. This suggests the possibility of device engineering using domain walls.

Weakly coordinating anions are commonly used to stabilize high-valent, electrophilic transition-metal complexes, owing to their low nucleophilicity and minimal coordinating ability. Here, the authors report a cobalt platform that generates a directional, protic cavity for ion pairing.

The STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory demonstrates evidence of spin correlations in \(\Lambda \bar{\Lambda }\) hyperon pairs inherited from virtual spin-correlated strange quark–antiquark pairs during QCD confinement.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

Jacquemyn et al. identify key lipid determinants controlling ectosome shedding from neurons. They find that ectosomes are a major route for the intercellular transport of misfolded α-synuclein, with relevance to Parkinson’s disease pathology.

Emerging evidence underscores biophysical characteristics of cancer cells as key modulators of cancer metastasis. Here, the authors reported a single-cell mechanophenotyping chip that screens deformable CTCs to reveal the hematogenous metastatic potential of bacteria-infected breast cancer.

Self-assembled monolayers are efficient hole-selective contacts but suffer from aggregation and adhesion issues. To address these, Wang et al. introduce a dimeric molecular design that forms a hydrogen-bond network, enabling 28.4% certified efficiency in all-perovskite tandem solar cells.

Large-effect variants in autism remain elusive. Here, the authors use long-read sequencing to assemble phased genomes for 189 individuals, identifying pathogenic variants in TBL1XR1, MECP2, and SYNGAP1, plus nine candidate structural variants missed by short-read methods.

Zhang et al. design a nanostructure which activates an adaptive martensitic transformation mechanism in a nuclear grade austenitic stainless steel, achieving extraordinary radiation resistance with non-degraded mechanical properties.

Visual experience synchronizes V1–LM theta oscillations, strengthens V1 → LM connectivity, and drives dendritic spine remodeling in WT mice, the processes disrupted in Fmr1 KO mice, revealing impaired inter-areal binding in Fragile X syndrome.

The spin Seebeck effect (SSE) converts thermally induced magnetization dynamics in magnetic materials to spin currents, but is so far an inefficient process. Here, the authors achieved resonant enhancement of the SSE voltage 700% larger than previously observed in Y₃Fe₅O₁₂ by tuning the magnon lifetime via doping in \({{\rm{Lu}}}_{2}{{\rm{BiFe}}}_{4}{{\rm{GaO}}}_{12}\).

The authors report superconducting topological surface states (TSS) on MBE-grown Fe(Te,Se) films by high-resolution laser-ARPES. Near the FeTe limit, the surface state disappears due to an electron-correlation-driven topological transition associated with decoherence of the d_xy-orbital-derived bands.

Mechanical recycling of incompatible mixed plastics is challenging, as it often downcycles plastics into brittle materials. Here the authors develop a multi-arm topological universal dynamic crosslinker platform to enable mechanical upcycling of incompatible mixed plastics.

Wearable devices generate vast streams of health data, but making sense of these measurements requires complex numerical reasoning beyond the reach of conventional language models. This study introduces a large language model agent that interprets wearable data to deliver accurate, personalized health insights.

As Nature Aging celebrates its fifth anniversary, the journal asks some of the researchers who contributed to the journal early on to reflect on the past and the future of aging and age-related disease research, the impact of the field on human health now and in the future, and what challenges need to be addressed to ensure sustained progress.

Absorption in one-port passive systems is known to be bound by causality constraints. Here, authors study reflection and transmission of a two-port system to introduce a generalized causality constraint based on duality symmetry. Experimentally, the broadened bandwidth of their meta-absorbers shows the untapped absorption potential of broadband acoustic metamaterials.

Federated learning (FL) algorithms have emerged as a promising solution to train models for healthcare imaging across institutions while preserving privacy. Here, the authors describe the Federated Tumor Segmentation (FeTS) challenge for the decentralised benchmarking of FL algorithms and evaluation of Healthcare AI algorithm generalizability in real-world cancer imaging datasets.

Together with a companion paper, molecular details of immune responses in a pig-to-human xenotransplantation are identified through dense longitudinal multi-omics profiling of the xenograft and the host recipient, across the 61-day procedure.

Isotope engineering can enhance spin coherence of solid-state defects, such as NV centers in diamond but progress for defects in hBN has been limited. Gong et al. report the optimization of isotopes in hBN and demonstrate improved coherence and relaxation times for the negatively charged boron vacancy centers.

Micromitophagy is found to occur in plant male germline cells, mediated by ATG5–HSP90.2 signalling, and is evolutionarily conserved in angiosperms. This mechanism underpins paternal mitochondrial elimination and supports the zygote-to-embryo transition.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

Powering single organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) device is challenging as power reductions can cause unstable device outputs. Wu et al. report a wearable, self-powered biosensor with a dual-OECT amplifier powered by an organic solar cell for monitoring physiological signals under varying light conditions.

Resistance to first line treatment is a major hurdle in cancer treatment, that can be overcome with drug combinations. Here, the authors provide a large drug combination screen across cancer cell lines to benchmark crowdsourced methods and to computationally predict drug synergies.

Somatic mutations accumulate with age and have been linked to functional decline and disease. Single-cell analysis of human cartilage samples from donors with and without osteoarthritis shows that somatic mutations accumulate with age, but, in osteoarthritis, they show distinct mutational patterns and slower accumulation, possibly due to DNA-damage-induced chondrocyte death.

Here the authors report asperigimycins, fungal ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides with a heptacyclic scaffold. After chemically modifying them for nanomolar anticancer activity, CRISPR screening identifies SLC46A3 as a key transporter for their uptake in cells.

An ensemble of spins from nitrogen–vacancy centres in diamonds is prepared in a spin-squeezed state.

The LHCb experiment at CERN has observed significant asymmetries between the decay rates of the beauty baryon and its CP-conjugated antibaryon, thus demonstrating CP violation in baryon decays.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

Fang and colleagues show that the metabolite succinate can inhibit succinylation, and consequently protection from ubiquitin-mediated degradation, of the transcription factor FOXP3, with consequences on T_reg cell-suppressive function and IBD pathology.

In this study, the authors show that microbial rhodopsins, proteins that drive the ocean’s most widespread light-driven microbial metabolism, display overlapping distributions with algal blooms in nutrient-rich waters, expanding rhodopsins’ known role of supporting bacterioplankton beyond oligotrophic regions.

Control of quantum interference in engineered atomic-scale systems could enable precise manipulation of quantum states, however it has remained challenging. Here the authors demonstrate electrically tunable quantum interference in a system of Ti atoms on MgO surface, using a scanning probe microscope setup.

Cyclopentadienyl ligands are central to organometallic lanthanide chemistry as their electron-donating ability enables fine-tuning for various applications including catalysis, luminescent materials, and single molecule magnets. Here, the authors report the synthesis and characterization of the lanthanide complexes featuring η⁵-coordinating heterocyclic stibolyl and bismolyl ligands.

Thermal lepton pairs are ideal probes for the temperature of quark-gluon plasma. Here, the STAR Collaboration uses thermal electron-positron pair production to measure quark-gluon plasma average temperature at different stages of the evolution.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Quantum computing platforms allowing quantum error correction usually rely on complex redundant encoding within multiple two-level systems. Here, instead, the authors realize a CNOT gate between two qubits encoded in the multiphoton states of two microwave cavities nonlinearly coupled by a transmon.

A multi-ancestry genome-wide gene–smoking interaction study identifies 13 new loci associated with serum lipids.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

The death of massive stars has traditionally been discovered by explosive events in the gamma-ray band. Liu et al. show that the sensitive wide-field monitor on board Einstein Probe can reveal a weak soft-X-ray signal much earlier than gamma rays.

This study uses observations from the DKI Solar Telescope to reveal that the Sun’s corona hosts small-scale torsional Alfvén waves. These twisting motions likely carry enough energy to help heat the Sun’s atmosphere and drive the solar wind.

Data obtained from the MicroBooNE liquid-argon time projection chamber are used to exclude the single light sterile neutrino interpretation of the LSND and MiniBooNE anomalies at the 95% confidence level.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

‘Ultrathin’ gold interlayers are shown to form nanoparticles that balance optical losses and electrical contact, enabling efficient perovskite–perovskite integration for scalable and durable triple-junction photovoltaics.

Stable and robust topological edge modes are observed at finite temperatures in an array of 100 programmable superconducting qubits because of emergent symmetries present in the prethermal regime of this system.

A high-bandwidth neuromotor interface offers performant out-of-the-box generalization across people.

Inbreeding depression has been observed in many different species, but in humans a systematic analysis has been difficult so far. Here, analysing more than 1.3 million individuals, the authors show that a genomic inbreeding coefficient (FROH) is associated with disadvantageous outcomes in 32 out of 100 traits tested.

Relating T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing to antigen specificity is a challenge especially when TCR specificity is unclear. Here the authors use a low dimensional generative approach to model TCR sequence similarity and to associate TCR sequences with the same specificity.