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While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

A micronuclear battery is built based on an autoluminescent americium–terbium compound that couples radioisotopes with energy transducers at the molecular level, resulting in an 8,000-fold enhancement in energy conversion efficiency.

X-chromosomal genetic variants are understudied but can yield valuable insights into sexually dimorphic human traits and diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, the authors perform a sex-stratified, cross-ancestry X-chromosome-wide association meta-analysis of seven kidney-related traits, with results including identification of four novel loci associated with the CKD-defining trait eGFR.

Biomarkers in biofluids are widely used for medical diagnosis, but their use is limited by accessibility. Here the authors present a stretchable wearable sensor allowing in situ detection of solid-state biomarkers on human skin, hence avoiding biofluid acquisition.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

Achieving uniform coverage of interfacial layers in perovskite solar cells is challenging, especially over large areas. Li et al. present design guidelines to fabricate these layers with uniform morphology, suppressed defects and improved charge transport.

Bacterial populations, programmed to self-assemble by adhesion of nanobody–antigen pairs, can be processed into living materials (LAMBA) that are scalable, self-healing and programmable through functionalization with diverse proteins.

Membrane reactors are efficient alternatives to traditional bath process, yet their limited diversity challenges their applicability to various reaction requirements. Here, the authors report covalent organic framework membrane reactors applied to the Knoevenagel condensation with enhanced performance as compared to homogeneous catalysts.

The structure of the mitochondrial inner membrane, or cristae, is important for functional oxidative phosphorylation and energy production. Here, the authors show that loss of myosin 19 impairs cristae structure as well as energy production, connecting motor activity to membrane potential.

Chen et al. show that tumour-associated macrophages transmit HIF-1α-stabilizing long noncoding RNA through extracellular vesicles to breast cancer cells, thereby enhancing tumour glycolysis and chemoresistance.

Designing long and highly conducting molecular wires has been a great challenge for decades. It has now been shown that a singly oxidized 2.6-nm-long oligophenylene-bridged bis(triarylamine) can show a single-molecule junction conductance over 0.1G₀.

ROCK (RNA oligomerization-enabled cryo-EM via installing kissing loops) enables improved single-particle cryo-EM of RNAs. ROCK was used to generate high-quality structures of three diverse RNAs, including the Tetrahymena group I intron.

This study reports that incorporating non-polar nanodomains into antiferroelectrics greatly enhanced the energy density and efficiency.

20ExM achieves isotropic ~20× expansion of cells and tissues in a single shot for super-resolution imaging with <20-nm resolution on a conventional microscope.

A four-dimensional printable shape memory hydrogel with shape-shifting onset adjustable by changing the programming conditions is reported.

Fu, Sun, Xue, Zhou et al. show that the mitoprotease LONP1 selectively degrades a complex II component to control intracellular succinate levels, which is needed for white-to-beige adipocyte cell fate programming during adipocyte thermogenic remodelling.

Neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy represents a therapeutic option for resectable head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Here the authors report the results of a phase II trial of neoadjuvant camrelizumab plus nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin in resectable locally advanced HNSCC.

Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen that causes meningoencephalitis. Here the authors describe the production of a gene-deletion mutant collection representing most C. neoformansnon-essential transcription factors, providing insight into the signalling networks that govern the biology and pathogenicity of this fungus.

The death of massive stars has traditionally been discovered by explosive events in the gamma-ray band. Liu et al. show that the sensitive wide-field monitor on board Einstein Probe can reveal a weak soft-X-ray signal much earlier than gamma rays.

Chiea Chuen Khor, Tin Aung, Francesca Pasutto, Janey Wiggs and colleagues report a global genome-wide association study of exfoliation syndrome and a fine-mapping analysis of a previously identified disease-associated locus, LOXL1. They identify a rare protective variant in LOXL1 exclusive to the Japanese population and five new common variant susceptibility loci.

Genomic analysis of allo-tetraploid common carp and goldfish identifies parallel subgenome structure and divergent expression processes.

Spatial molecular imaging analysis of human pancreatic adenocarcinomas describes multicellular neighborhoods in the tumor microenvironment. Ligand–receptor analysis using optimal transport-based SCOTIA identifies interleukin-6 as a mediator of chemoresistance.

A new AI generative model leverages the use of synthetic images to effectively augment existing datasets, boosting performance across multiple medical applications

The pilot phase of PigGTEx, re-analyzing 5,457 published RNA-seq samples, presents a pan-tissue catalog of molecular quantitative trait loci. Cross-species comparisons identify traits with shared genetic regulation in humans.

Hepatocellular carcinoma has one of the poorest survival rates amongst cancers. Here, the authors highlight the intra-tumour heterogeneity of this disease, finding that spatially closer tumour sectors are genetically more similar and that intra-hepatic metastasis is accompanied by rapid genetic diversification.

A self-assembled monolayer of (4-(7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazol-7-yl)butyl)phosphonic acid is integrated in wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells, which enables a high power conversion efficiency and low open-circuit voltage deficiency, as well as efficient centimetre-scale all-perovskite tandem solar cells.

Observing the natural process of RNA degradation in real-time is a significant challenge. Here, the authors develop and use single-exonuclease nanocircuits to reveal the single-base degradation behaviour of PNPase, and demonstrate proof-of-principle RNA sequencing using this approach.

The electrochemical reduction of nitrogen to ammonia represents a challenge of major interest that would substantially decrease the burden of the energy-consuming Haber–Bosch process. Now, Yin, Yan, Zhang, Si and colleagues achieve high ammonia yield and Faradaic efficiency over 66% using bismuth nanocatalysts promoted by alkali cations.

A chemist-intuited atomic robotic probe is developed that enables autonomous site-selective manipulation of magnetic nanographenes with atomic precision and aids in reaction mechanism elucidation through the incorporation of learned knowledge and artificial intelligence, leading to the intelligent synthesis of these materials.

The authors summarize the data produced by phase III of the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) project, a resource for better understanding of the human and mouse genomes.

Adipose tissue enlargement involves adipose hyperplasia and hypertrophy, which correlate with excessive ROS and hyperactivated XBP1. Here, the authors introduce KT-NE, a nanoemulsion combining KIRA6 (an XBP1 inhibitor) and α-Tocopherol, easing ER and oxidative stress in (pre)adipocytes and showing anti-obesity effectiveness.

The Anaphase Promoting Complex adaptor protein Cdh1 tightly controls cell cycle progression to restrain tumorigenesis but the mechanism is not completely known. Here, the authors show that reciprocal inhibition between Cdh1 and the c-Src signaling pathway regulate breast cancer tumorigenesis.

This study reports a new family of proteins localized in the Casparian strip that mediate the junction of plasma membrane and Casparian strip for maintaining nutrient homoeostasis in rice.

In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor small-molecule inhibitor fruquintinib plus chemotherapy significantly extended progression-free survival, but not overall survival, as second-line therapy in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancers.

Stable-isotope tracing allows quantifying metabolic activity by measuring isotopically labeled metabolites, but its metabolome coverage has been limited. Here, the authors develop a global isotope tracing approach with metabolome-wide coverage and use it to characterize metabolic activities in aging Drosophila.

Aberrant ER–mitochondria coupling activates ZBP1-mediated PANoptosis in retinal pigment epithelium, promoting age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Repair of topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) DNA protein crosslinks (DPC) limits the efficacy of the TOP1 inhibitor irinotecan in cancer therapy. Here, the authors identify pevonedistat, NEDD8 inhibitor, as synergistic with irinotecan by blocking neddylation-activated ubiquitin/proteasomal degradation of TOP1-DPC.

Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UCAR) is associated with various clinical outcomes such as kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. Here, the authors report genome-wide meta-analysis in over 500,000 individuals and find 68 UACR loci, followed by statistical fine-mapping, gene prioritization and experimental validation in flies.

Fast and sensitive detection of water molecules in organic solvents and gases remains an important challenge. Here, Pan and co-workers design a metal-organic framework capable of ultrafast and reversible water sensing by photoluminescence switching via an excited state intramolecular proton transfer mechanism.

Growth rate is critical for the efficiency of engineered methylotrophic microbes for bioproduction. Here, the authors report the development of a methylotrophic E. coli strain with a doubling time that is comparable or faster than native model methylotrophs.