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Yonatan Ossia describes how focussed ion beam milling can help to correlate the emission spectroscopy of quantum dots with electron micrographs.

RNA-binding FBF proteins control germline stem cell differentiation. Here, the authors show that three long non-coding RNAs bind, condense, and thus inhibit FBFs to promote the transition of germline stem cells into meiosis.

As a superconducting thin film is made more disordered, or subject to an increasing magnetic field, a point is reached when the material undergoes a transition from a superconducting to an insulating state. Numerical simulations have been used to shed light on the nature of this transition, or, as it turns out, two types of transition.

Cis regulatory elements endow genomes with sequence-encoded logic to drive cellular differentiation. Here, the authors introduce a biophysically principled sequence model that characterises complex TF-DNA interactions with accuracy that rivals state-of-the-art blackbox sequence foundation models.

Many animals display brilliant colors thanks to the precise formation of guanine crystals within specialized organelles. Here, the authors demonstrate that dynamic pH shifts orchestrate this process: an initially acidic lumen stabilizes amorphous, protonated guanine and subsequent alkalinization triggers its crystallization.

COVID vaccination can reduce virus levels in breakthrough infections, which in turn may reduce transmission of the virus. By using qRT-PCR cycle threshold as a surrogate of virus levels, the authors here show that this positive effect of vaccination wanes relatively quickly for Omicron breakthrough infection.

An optical emulation experiment of a quantum wave function dynamics under self-induced post Newtonian gravitational potential is presented, including observation of solitons of this system and rich beam evolution due to high-order nonlinear effects.

Classical physics enabled subdiffraction-limited imaging has rarely been extended to the quantum regime. Here, Israelet al. develop a super-resolution localization microscopy based on non-classical photon statistics, enabling optical tracking of multiple quantum emitters.

Previous work has attempted to influence people’s decision-making processes based on qualitative psychological principles. Here, in a competition between academic teams, the authors show that quantitative behavioral models can achieve this goal more effectively.

Deep phenotyping of an ancestrally diverse group of 13,000 individuals in the Human Phenotype Project highlights diversity and variations in lifestyle factors, clinical features and molecular signatures of health and disease.

Hyperspectral reporter genes allow imaging of ground bacteria from aerial vehicles

The propagation of light in photonic crystals with a honeycomb structure mirrors the behaviour of charges in graphene, therefore allowing for the investigation of electronic properties that cannot otherwise be accessed in graphene itself. This approach is now used to predict unexpected edge states that localize in the bearded edges of hexagonal lattices.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Yonatan Stelzer highlights a landmark work from the lab of Howard Cedar that addresses how genome-wide DNA methylation patterns are established and instructed by the DNA sequence.

Here the authors investigate whether for imprinted genes the parent-of-origin of the expressed allele or rather appropriate gene dosage is more important for normal development. Using the differentially methylated region of Dlk1-Dio3 gene involved in imprinting, they show that correct parent-of-origin imprinting pattern is secondary to balanced gene dosage.

After developing a method to infer network complexity without knowledge of underlying species interactions, the authors show that, in several types of microbial communities, an ecosystem’s stability constrains its complexity.

Helical modes are induced in a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas without strong spin–orbit coupling. This platform provides a versatile playground for investigating compounded quantum Hall edge states.

The boundaries of fractional quantum Hall states can host multiple, interacting one-dimensional edge modes, which test our understanding of strongly interacting systems. Here the authors observe the edge-mode equilibration transition that was predicted for the ν=2/3 fractional quantum Hall state.

A new culture system makes it possible to grow mouse embryos and study their development outside the uterus up to the point of late organogenesis.

Decades of searching for theoretically motivated dark matter candidates have yielded no results, so the research community is starting to adopt different dark matter detection strategies. In a Viewpoint, seven scientists discuss these new approaches.

Temporally dynamic extraembryonic and embryonic BMP4 signalling shapes mouse embryo lineage choices.

Protection afforded by inorganic minerals is assumed to make mineral-associated organic carbon less susceptible to loss under climate change than particulate organic carbon. However, a global study of soil organic carbon from drylands suggests that this is not the case.

Through in vivo tracking of tumor-specific CD8⁺ T cells in response to immunotherapy in mice, Barboy et al. characterize the tumor response to anti-PD-1 therapy and optimize a combination treatment with anti-4-1BB agonist.

Eviction of histones from nucleosomes and their exchange with newly synthesized or alternative variants is a central epigenetic determinant. Here the authors implement a molecular sensor that reports on steady-state exchange of histones in mESC and mice revealing dependency between deposition of histone variant H3.3 and exchange of H3.1 and H2B in both open and closed chromatin.

Despite being a hallmark of cancer, the identification of targetable vulnerabilities of aneuploid cancer cells remains limited. Here, the authors develop RPE1-hTERT cell lines with varying degrees of aneuploidy to investigate the consequences of chromosomal imbalance, identifying CRAF as an aneuploid-selective therapeutically targetable vulnerability.

Single-cell analyses in a reporter mouse model and human tissues identify a rare cell subset that produces erythropoietin in vivo, opening potential new avenues for research in erythropoiesis and oxygen homeostasis.

How traits specific to modern humans have evolved is difficult to study. Here, Gokhman et al. compare measured and reconstructed DNA methylation maps of present-day humans, archaic humans and chimpanzees and find that genes that affect vocal tract and facial anatomy show methylation changes between archaic and modern humans.

Zhu et al. show that disabling the nucleolar FIB-1–NOL-56 complex protects Caenorhabditis elegans from the toxicity of neurodegeneration-linked protein aggregates across tissues by modulating TGFβ signalling and enhancing proteasome activity.

Humans and animals exhibit individual preferences in decision tasks. Lebovich et al quantify these idiosyncratic choice biases and demonstrates that such biases emerge naturally from intrinsic stochasticity in the dynamics of neuronal networks.

Majewska et al. show that p16-expressing senescent cells enhance the stability of the immune checkpoint PD-L1 by downregulating its proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent degradation, leading to their accumulation in ageing and chronic inflammation.

This study investigates how homeostatic mechanisms endow sensory representations in the auditory cortex with resilience against neuron loss. The map of sounds has the ability to recover after microablation by recruiting previously unresponsive neurons.

A large fraction of patients with APS-1 and coeliac disease develop enamel dystrophy, characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against the enamel matrix, which are generated through the breakdown of either central (APS-1) or peripheral (coeliac) tolerance to a battery of ameloblast-sepecific proteins.

The mechanisms for regulating translation re-initiation in bacteria remain poorly understood. Here, the authors screened a library of synthetic operons and identified a ribosome termination structure that modulates re-initiation efficiency and which is conserved across bacteria.

During meiosis, sex chromosomes show silenced gene expression that is disrupted when translocated to autosomes. Here, the authors engineer C. elegans with bisected X chromosomes and see active transcription in gonads, indicating continuity of sex chromosomes promotes silencing.

Reinforcement learning quantifies the change in behaviour in response to past experience. Using field goal attempt data from basketball, Neiman and Loewenstein demonstrate that even one failed or made attempt has an impact on subsequent attempts, showing that players overgeneralize from their most recent actions.

This work describes m6A-seq2, which utilizes multiplexed N⁶-methyladenosine (m6A) immunoprecipitation of pre-barcoded and pooled samples to reduce the technical variability and allows direct comparison of m6A at the site, gene and sample level.