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Women diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in childhood have a significantly higher risk of developing physical and mental health conditions (multimorbidity) in early adulthood. ADHD and socioeconomic deprivation independently increase this risk, and in combination have a synergistic effect.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 149 randomized controlled trials finds that behavioral and psychosocial interventions outperform medications in improving core autism symptoms, while study design and context strongly influence reported treatment effects.
This Comment announces the Precision Mental Health Commission and its initiative to redefine mental disorders through brain circuit function analysis, promoting stratified, circuit-informed care that enhances treatment accuracy and efficiency. The approach mirrors advances in cardiovascular and cancer research, moving beyond trial and error toward personalized care.
Mental health care is entering a defining era shaped not only by reflection on past challenges, but also by a growing sense of possibility. As more integrative, context-aware interventions emerge, collaboration across disciplines and sectors is opening new pathways for meaningful progress. The Wellcome Prize for Mental Health Science with Nature aims to accelerate this shift by supporting innovative, scalable interventions with the potential for transformative impact.
This study presents a multimodal, systems-level map of the human brain histamine system, integrating transcriptomics, molecular imaging, developmental trajectories and cognitive meta-analysis. The findings link histaminergic system architecture to higher-order cognition and vulnerability to major psychiatric disorders.
In this study, Martins and colleagues provide an integrated characterization of the human brain histaminergic system, using transcriptomic and neuroimaging datasets to describe the molecular organization of this system and its relevance to mental health.
In this Review the authors discuss the reasons behind the limited advance in depression phenotyping and provide strategic points for addressing this gap.
In individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis, the concurrent use of cannabis and tobacco predicted an elevated risk of transitioning to psychosis. Heavy cannabis use combined with light tobacco use was linked to a threefold increase in the risk of transition.
Psychotropic medication use, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and polygenic risk for high body mass index (PGS-BMI) may elevate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in individuals with mental illness. In this study, the authors analyze UK Biobank data, revealing that psychotropic users with high PGS-BMI and unhealthy lifestyles face the greatest BMI and CVD risk, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
Difficulty updating one’s beliefs to reflect changing circumstances — ‘belief stickiness’ — might underpin some forms of inflexibility. We found that increasing serotonin decreased belief stickiness and that obsessions were associated with increased belief stickiness. These findings uncover a new role for serotonin and could have implications for the treatment of obsessions.
In this Review, the authors highlight the role of multimodal deep learning in diagnosing depression and anxiety, utilizing diverse data sources. Key methods include convolutional, recurrent and graph neural networks, addressing challenges in data fusion, feature extraction and model interpretability for enhanced clinical relevance.
This Perspective considers the impact of social anxiety disorder on adolescents within digital environments, proposing a revised framework that incorporates computer-mediated communication’s effects on social cue interpretation, self-perception, safety behaviors and event processing, highlighting future research and clinical implications.
This research presents a computational theory linking serotonin to reduced belief stickiness, tested through a randomized, double-blind study. Findings indicate that higher escitalopram levels correlate with improved inference, suggesting implications for obsessive–compulsive disorder treatment.
In this World View, Constanza Morén, a biomedical researcher and daughter of a man with schizophrenia, calls for humility and collaboration to bridge the divide between biological psychiatry and anti-psychiatry, improving support for patients and families.
Psychedelic-assisted therapy shows promise for psychiatric disorders, but therapeutic responses vary widely. Here a survey of therapists’ experience aimed to identify key predictors of successful outcomes, highlighting the importance of therapeutic alliance, social support, openness and active engagement, which could inform future screening and preparation practices to enhance therapeutic efficacy.
Using electronic health records from over 140,000 children, the authors developed a neural network model that predicts attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnosis years before a typical clinical identification.
In this Perspective, Hart et al. challenge recent NICE guidelines on suicide assessment, arguing that risk tools can promote health justice by prioritizing the worst-off and preventing indirect discrimination—especially for older adults.
Liu et al. present a scoping review and propose a model linking historical and structural racism to early-life stress exposures that heighten intergenerational mental health risk, outlining supporting evidence and gaps in research on sociocultural stressors and resilience.
This longitudinal study using data from two large nationwide cohorts in Sweden and Finland examined the comparative effectiveness of mood stabilizers, antipsychotics and their combinations in reducing psychiatric hospitalization risk for people with bipolar disorder. The authors found that certain drug combinations, particularly clozapine-based regimens and long-acting injectable antipsychotics with lithium, were linked to lower relapse risk than lithium alone.
